P R O P E R T I E SG u i d e

With over 30 years of focus and experienceVictrex Polymer Solutions, a division ofVictrex plc, is the world’s leadingmanufacturer of high performancePolyaryletherketones (PAEK) includingVICTREX® PEEK polymer. Our productportfolio is one of the broadest range ofpolyaryletherketones on the market. Wework with our customers and end users todeliver technology driven solutions to meetthe challenges and opportunities they faceand help them to achieve new levels of costsavings, quality and performance in theaerospace, automotive, electronics, energy,industrial, medical and semiconductormarkets.

VICTREX PEEK polymer provides exceptional performance over awide range of temperatures and extreme conditions. It is a linear,aromatic, semi-crystalline polymer widely regarded as one of thehighest performing thermoplastics in the world. It provides aunique combination and range of high performance properties.

In addition to VICTREX PEEK polymer, we have two additionalPAEK polymers, VICTREX® HT™ polymer and VICTREX® ST™ polymerthat can maintain mechanical performance at increasingly highertemperatures in hostile environments.

When an end use application demands a combination of three ormore performance properties our PAEK offer a tremendousmaterial advantage with unmatched versatility. This ability tocombine properties without sacrificing performance allows ourmaterials to perform in a wide variety of operating conditions andbroad range of applications.

ContentsIntroduction

Mechanical Properties 2Tensile Properties 2 Flexural Properties 3Compressive Properties 3Creep Properties 3Fatigue Properties 4Impact Properties 4

Thermal Properties 5Heat Deflection Temperature 6Relative Thermal Index 6Heat Ageing 6Coefficient of Linear Thermal Expansion 7Thermal Stability 7

Rheology 8

Flammability and Combustion Properties 9Ignition 9Flammability 9Smoke Density 9Smoke, Toxicity and Corrosivity 9

Electrical Properties 10Volume Resistivity 10Surface Resistivity 10Dielectric Properties 10Static Decay Properties and Dissipative Materials 12

Tribology 13Friction and Wear 13Block on Ring 13Thrust Washer 14Limiting Pressure and Velocity 15

Environmental Resistance 16Hydrolysis Resistance 16Gas and Liquid Permeation 16Chemical Resistance 17Radiation Resistance 18Outgassing Characteristics 18

Approvals and Specifications 19

Materials of Choice 20

Why Victrex PAEKs?

• Unique combination of properties

• Extensive grade range

• Processed using conventional processing equipment

• Conforming to global approvals and specifications

• Product consistency

• Security of supply

• Supported by expert technical teams globally

Victrex materials are offered with different melt viscosities tomeet specific thermoplastic process requirements: melt viscosityincreases from the high flow PEEK 90 polymer over the standardviscosity PEEK 450 polymer up to high ductility PEEK 650polymer. Products may be melt filtered into unfilled granules,

High Temperature PerformanceExcellent high temperature performance,with glass transition temperatures rangingbetween 143ºC - 162ºC and meltingtemperatures between 343ºC - 387ºC.

Mechanical Strength & Dimensional StabilityExcellent strength, stiffness, long-termcreep and fatigue properties.

Wear ResistanceHigh abrasion and cut through resistancecombined with a low coefficient of friction.

Chemical ResistanceWithstands a wide range of acids, bases,hydrocarbons and organic solvents.

Hydrolysis ResistanceLow moisture absorption, resistant tosteam, water and sea water, with low permeability.

Electrical PerformanceElectrical properties which are maintained over a wide frequency and temperature range.

Low Smoke and Toxic Gas EmissionInherently flame retardant without the use of additives. Low toxicity ofcombustion gases.

PurityExceptionally low outgassing andextractables.

Environmentally FriendlyLight weight, fully recyclable, halogen free,and RoHS compliant.

Ease of ProcessingOne of the highest performing materialsmelt processable using conventionalthermoplastic processing equipment.

Victrex APTIV® film provides all of the properties of

VICTREX PEEK polymer in a flexible format and is

regarded as the most versatile and high performing

thermoplastic films available.

Eco-friendly VICOTE® coatings, available in powder

and aqueous dispersions, deliver resistance to high

temperatures, exceptional scratch and wear

resistance, high strength and durability.

Table 1: Victrex Polymer Solutions’ Product Portfolio

VICTREX® PEEK Polymers

Melt viscosity - polymer 90 150 450 650

Unfilled Coarse Powder 90P 150P 450P 650P

Unfilled Fine Powder 150PF 450PF 650PF

150XF

150UF10

Unfilled Granules 90G 150G / 150G903BLK 450G / 450G903BLK 650G

Glass Fibre Filled 90GL30 150GL15 450GL15

90GL60 150GL20 450GL20

150GL30 / 150GL30BLK 450GL30 / 450GL30BLK 650GL30

Carbon Fibre Filled 90CA30 150CA30 450CA20

90HMF20 450CA30 650CA30

90HMF40 450CA40

Wear Grades 150FC30 450FC30

150FW30 450FE20

VICTREX® HT™ Polymers VICTREX® ST™ Polymers

Unfilled Coarse Powder HT P22 / P45 ST P45

Unfilled Fine Powder HT P22PF / P45PF

Unfilled Granules HT G22 / G45 ST G45

Glass Fibre Filled HT 22GL30 ST 45GL30

Carbon Fibre Filled HT 22CA30 ST 45CA30

VICTREX® Special Products

Depth-filtered Granules 151G / 381G Unfilled VICTREX PEEK for extreme purity

requirements (fibre spinning, wire coating)

Premium Wear Grades VICTREX® WG™ Polymer WG101, WG102 Outperforming standard wear grades at

higher speed / load applications

Electrostatically Dissipative VICTREX® PEEK-ESD™ Polymer ESD101 Meeting specific range of resistivity

The broadest portfolio of polyaryletherketones,

including VICTREX® PEEK polymer. Victrex

materials provide exceptional performance over a

wide range of temperatures and extreme

conditions.

milled into fine powders, or compounded using a variety of fillersas well as being available in finished forms such as stock shapes,fibres, films, pipes and coatings. Table 1 gives an overview of theVictrex Polymer Solutions’ product portfolio.

2

120

100

80

60

40

20

00 5 10

PEEK 150GPEEK 450G

HT G22ST G45

15 20

Tensile Strain / %

Ten

sile

Str

eng

th /

MPa

25 30 35 40

Figure 1: Typical tensile stress-strain curves for unfilledVictrex polymers

PEEK 90HMF40PEEK 450CA30

PEEK 450GL30PEEK 450G

400

300

200

100

0

Ten

sile

Str

eng

th /

MPa

0 50 100 150

Temperature / °C

200 250 300

Figure 3: Ranges of tensile strength of Victrex materials

Figure 4: Tensile strength versus temperature of variousVictrex materials

Carbon filled

HMF

Glass filled

Wear grades

Unfilled

0 50 100 150

Tensile Strength / MPa

200 250 300 350 400

PEEK 90HMF40PEEK 450CA30PEEK 450GL30

PEEK 450FC30PEEK450G

400

250

300

350

200

150

100

50

0

Ten

sile

Str

eng

th /

MPa

0.0 0.5 1.0 1.5

Tensile Strain / %

2.0 2.5 3.0

Figure 2: Typical tensile stress-strain curves for PEEKcompounds (450G for comparison)

Adding fillers increases strength and stiffness as shownin Figure 2 for a range of PEEK compounds. Filledcompounds typically do not exhibit a yield point andtherefore break in a brittle way. Tensile modulus,strength and elongation vary significantly dependingon the type of filler and filler content.

Figure 3 summarises the ranges of tensile strength forunfilled, glass fibre filled and carbon fibre filledmaterials as well as for wear grades.

Victrex materials are used to form structuralcomponents which experience or continually operate athigh temperatures. Figure 4 shows a plot of tensilestrength versus temperature for a range of Victrexmaterials and demonstrates a good retention ofmechanical properties over a wide temperature range.

M E C H A N I C A L P R O P E R T I E S

Victrex materials are widely regarded as the highestperforming thermoplastic polymers with goodretention of mechanical properties over a wide rangeof temperatures and conditions.

TENSILE PROPERTIESThe tensile properties of Victrex polymers exceed thoseof most engineering thermoplastics. Tensileperformance was evaluated according to ISO 527 and acomparative tensile plot of unfilled Victrex polymers isshown in Figure 1. These unfilled grades show ductilebehaviour with a yield point of approximately 5%elongation and a tensile strength exceeding 100MPa.

3

ST 45GL30PEEK 450GL30PEEK 90HMF40ST 45CA30

PEEK 450CA30ST G45PEEK 450GHT G22

600

500

400

300

200

100

0

Flex

ura

l Str

eng

th /

MPa

0 50 100 150

Temperature / °C

200 250 300

Figure 5: Flexural strength versus temperature ofvarious Victrex materials

PEEK 450CA30ST 45CA30WG101

PEEK 450FC30PEEK 450G

350

250

300

200

150

100

50

0

Co

mp

ress

ive

Stre

ng

th /

MPa

0 23 120

Temperature / °C

200 250

Figure 6: Compressive strength versus temperature of arange of Victrex materials

HT G22 (60 MPa)ST G45 (60 MPa)60 MPa50 MPa

40 MPa30 MPa20 MPa

2.5

2.0

1.5

1.0

0.5

0.0

Ten

sile

Str

ain

/ %

Time / h

10 10 10 10 10 10 10-3 -2 -1 0 1 2 3

Figure 7: Tensile creep of PEEK 450G, HT and ST at 23°C

FLEXURAL PROPERTIESVictrex materials exhibit outstanding flexuralperformance over a wide temperature range. Flexuralstrength was evaluated according to ISO 178 with theresults plotted versus temperature in Figure 5.

As for all semi-crystalline polymers, flexural strength of Victrex materials is temperature dependent, with apronounced step-change going through the glasstransition (Tg). Even so, values of flexural strength of filled materials can achieve in excess of 200MPa attemperatures above Tg. The improvement in flexuralstrength retention in these graphs is explained by theincreasing Tg going from PEEK, HT to ST.

COMPRESSIVE PROPERTIESCompressive strength was evaluated in accordance withISO 604 at temperatures up to 250°C. Figure 6 showscompressive strength versus temperature for a range ofVictrex materials with focus on grades typically used inwear and extreme high pressure applications, andunfilled PEEK 450G as reference.

CREEP PROPERTIESVictrex materials have outstanding creep resistance andmay sustain large stresses over a useful service life withlittle time-dependent deformation. Creep is defined asthe deformation observed versus time under a constantapplied stress. Tensile creep was evaluated according toISO 899 at 23°C over a period of 1000h.

Tensile creep results for PEEK 450G at 23°C are shownin Figure 7 for several constant stress levels rangingfrom 20MPa to 60MPa. HT and ST have been includedat 60MPa for comparison. The instantaneousdeformation (strain at short creep-times) correlates tothe stress-strain relationship derived in a tensile test,accordingly creep curves start at higher elongationswith increasing applied loads. HT and ST exhibit slightlylower creep at 60MPa compared to PEEK 450G.

4

FATIGUE PROPERTIESFatigue may be defined as the reduction in mechanicalproperties during continued cyclic loading. Tensilefatigue was evaluated using ISO tensile bars stressed at5Hz with a sine wave between 10 and 100% ofpredefined loads.

Figure 9 shows the excellent fatigue performance at23°C and 120°C for a range of Victrex materials. PEEK450G shows very little decay in a tensile fatiguesituation at 23°C. Adding fillers to unfilled PEEKenhances fatigue stress levels significantly.

IMPACT PROPERTIESImpact testing is used to investigate the behaviour ofmaterials under specific impact conditions and forestimating their toughness within the limitationsinherent to the test conditions. There is a vast varietyof test methods, low energy studies performed usingpendulum geometry and high energy studies wherefailures are evaluated using falling weight apparatus.Pendulum geometry may use a cantilever support as inIzod testing (ISO 180) or a 3-point-bendingconfiguration as in Charpy testing (ISO 179); with bothusing notched or un-notched impact bars.

Figures 10 and 11 show Izod and Charpy impactstrength of edgewise loaded samples for a range ofVictrex materials, notched and un-notched. UnfilledVictrex materials are extremely tough and do not breakin un-notched configuration, Izod or Charpy. Addingfillers to PEEK enhances the notched toughness.

PEEK 450GL30HT 22GL30PEEK 450CA30HT 22CA30PEEK 90HMF40

1.4

0.8

1.0

1.2

0.6

0.4

0.2

0.0

Ten

sile

Str

ain

/ %

Time / h

10 10 10 10 10 10 10-3 -2 -1 0 1 2 3

Figure 8: Tensile creep of PEEK and HT compounds at 23°Cand constant stress of 90MPa

300

250

200

150

100

50

0

Ten

sile

Str

eng

th /

MPa

Cycles to Failure

10 10 10 10 10 10 10 101 2 3 4 5 6 7 8

PEEK 90HMF40 [23˚C]PEEK 90HMF40 [120˚C]PEEK 450CA30 [23˚C]PEEK 450CA30 [120˚C]

PEEK 450GL30 [23˚C]PEEK 450GL30 [120˚C]PEEK 450G [23˚C]

Figure 9: Tensile fatigue of a range of Victrex materialsat 5Hz at 23°C and 120°C

Adding fillers to unfilled polymer enhances mechanicalperformance such as strength and stiffness andtherefore creep performance, with the increasedependent upon the type of filler and filler content.The high strength and stiffness characteristics of PEEK and HT compounds under conditions of creep are shown in Figure 8 at 23°C and a constant load of 90MPa.

PEEK 90HMF40, which has the highest strength andstiffness properties of all Victrex materials,demonstrates outstanding creep resistance. PEEK 450CA30 and PEEK 450GL30 are showingsomewhat higher measurable time dependent creep at90MPa compared to PEEK 90HMF40. HT compoundsshowed slightly improved creep performance opposedto PEEK based equivalents.

T H E R M A L P R O P E R T I E S

Victrex polymers have glass transition (Tg) andcrystalline melting temperatures (Tm) in the rangeshown in Figure 13. Due to the semi-crystalline natureof these polymers a high degree of mechanicalproperties is retained close to their meltingtemperatures.

PEEK

450G

HT G22

ST G

45

PEEK

450G

L30

HT 22G

L30

ST 45

GL30

PEEK

450C

A30

PEEK

90HM

F40

HT 22C

A30

ST 45

CA30

10

12 120

100

80

60

40

20

0

8

6

4

2

0

No

tch

ed Im

pac

t St

ren

gth

/ k

J m

-2

notchedun-notched

Un

-no

tch

ed Im

pac

t St

ren

gth

/ k

J m

-2

Figure 10: Izod impact strength of various Victrexmaterials at 23°C

PEEK

450G

HT G22

ST G

45

PEEK

450G

L30

HT 22G

L30

ST 45

GL30

PEEK

450C

A30

PEEK

90HM

F40

HT 22C

A30

ST 45

CA30

10

12 120

100

80

60

40

20

0

8

6

4

2

0

No

tch

ed Im

pac

t St

ren

gth

/ k

J m

-2

notchedun-notched

Un

-no

tch

ed Im

pac

t St

ren

gth

/ k

J m

-2

Figure 11: Charpy impact strength of various Victrexmaterials at 23˚C

10

12

8

6

4

2

0

No

tch

ed Im

pac

t St

ren

gth

/ k

J m

-2

–55˚C 23˚C 120˚C

PEEK150G

PEEK450G

PEEK150GL30

PEEK450GL30

PEEK150CA30

PEEK450CA30

Figure 12: Notched Charpy impact strength versustemperature of various Victrex materials

170

160

150

140

130

400

350

300

250

200PEEK HT ST

T /

˚C

g

T

/ ˚C

m

T Tg m

Figure 13: The glass transition (Tg) and crystalline meltingtemperatures (Tm) for Victrex polymers determined by DSC(ISO 11357)

Impact properties are temperature dependent as shownin Figure 12 for a range of Victrex materials. Anincrease in toughness is measured as temperatureincreases from -55°C to +120°C.

5

VICTREX® PEEK polymer specified for aircraft landing gear hubcapswithstanding impacts of flying debris and has excellent environmentalresistance in harsh conditions.

150˚C 260˚C

300˚C320˚C

140

5000 h, 103%100

120

60

40

80

20

0

Ret

enti

on

of

Ten

sile

Str

eng

th /

%

0 500 1000 1500

Ageing Time / h

2000 2500

Figure 16: Retained tensile strength of unfilled PEEK versusconditioning time at high temperatures

100

160

140

120

80

60

40

20

0

Flex

ura

l Str

eng

th /

MPa

PEEK HT

1000 hours ageing at 320˚C 2000 hours ageing at 320˚C

Figure 17: Retained flexural strength following hightemperature ageing for unfilled PEEK and HT

6

HEAT AGEINGThe excellent retention of mechanical properties atvarious ageing temperatures in air for unfilled PEEKwas determined as a measure of thermal ageingresistance. Results are shown in Figures 16 and 17. Theinitial increase in tensile strength observed in Figure 16is a result of increased crystallinity due to annealing.The subsequent decrease in strength with time is due tothermal degradation.

250

300

200

150

100

50

0

RTI

/ °

C

PEEK450G

PEEK450GL30

PEEK450CA30

PPA +33%

GLASS

PAI +30%

GLASS

PPS +40%

GLASS

PES PSU

Figure 15: Relative Thermal Index (RTI) – mechanical withoutimpact – for a range of high performance materials

RELATIVE THERMAL INDEXPolymers are subject to thermal degradation at elevatedtemperatures. These effects may be evaluated bymeasuring the Relative Thermal Index (RTI) as defined byUnderwriters Laboratories (UL746B). This test determinesthe temperature at which 50% of a particular materialproperty is retained compared to a control material whoseRTI is already known (RTI typically corresponds toextrapolated times between 60,000 and 100,000 hours).The UL RTI rating for Victrex materials compared to otherhigh performance polymers are shown in Figure 15.

HEAT DEFLECTION TEMPERATUREThe short term thermal performance of polymers maybe characterised by determining the Heat DeflectionTemperature (HDT, ISO 75) at which a defineddeformation is observed in a sample under constantapplied stress (1.8 MPa) at constant heating rate.Victrex materials have excellent stiffness at hightemperatures and correspondingly have high HDTvalues when compared with other high performancepolymers.

250

400

350

300

200

150

100

50

0

HD

T /

°C

VICTREX CA30

VICTREX GL30

PAI +30% GL

PPS +40% GL

PPA +33% GL

PES +30% GL

ST HT PEEK

Figure 14: Heat deflection temperature (at 1.8 MPa) forVictrex materials and other high performance polymers

7

COEFFICIENT OF LINEAR THERMALEXPANSIONThe Coefficient of Linear Thermal Expansion (CLTE) wasmeasured according to ISO 11359. Materials werestudied in three axes to fully characterise theanisotropic effects of filled grades. Figure 18 shows thevariation in CLTE for standard PEEK grades in the flowdirection and as an average of all three directions.Unfilled grades such as PEEK 450G are nearly isotropicand have little difference in expansion in differentdirections. However, glass fibre and carbon fibre-filledgrades are anisotropic and as such have low expansionin the flow direction but significantly higher expansiontransverse to flow. Also, there is a significant increase inCLTE as temperature is increased above Tg, with thedifference lower for compounds, particularly in theflow direction.

100

160

140

120

80

60

40

20

0

Flow Direction Only Average of three directions

Below T Above T Below T Above Tg g g g

PEEK 450G PEEK 450GL30 PEEK 450CA30

CLT

E /

pp

m K

-1

The CLTE of a range of Victrex materials below Tg inthe flow direction are compared to various metals inFigure 19.

Figure 18: Coefficient of linear thermal expansion (CLTE)for various Victrex materials below and above Tg

PEEK

450G

PEEK

450G

L30

PEEK

450F

C30

PEEK

90CA30

PEEK

90HM

F40

high ca

rbon st

eel

stain

less s

teel

alum

iniu

m

beryll

ium

allo

y

mag

nesiu

m al

loy

titan

ium

allo

y

copper

allo

y

25

30

35

40

45

50

20

15

10

5

0

CLT

E /

pp

m K

-1

PEEK 450GPA66PEI

PESPPS

100

70

60

50

80

90

40

30

20

10

0

Wei

gh

t R

eten

tio

n /

%

0 100 200 300

Temperature / °C

400 500 600 700

Figure 19: Coefficient of linear thermal expansion (CLTE)for various Victrex materials versus metals (flowdirection, below Tg)

Figure 20: Thermogravimetry (TGA) analysis of PEEK andother high performance polymers

THERMAL STABILITYThermogravimetry (TGA) illustrates the thermal stabilityof PEEK in air. Degradation only starts above 550°Cwith insignificant levels of outgassing at lowertemperatures as can be seen in the comparative plot ofPEEK 450G and other high performance polymers inFigure 20.

VICTREX® PEEK polymer was selected in a cooling jacket application due tothe material’s dimensional stability, low radio frequency (RF) losses, and itsability to be precisely machined resulting in a new 1-part design.

8

R H E O L O G Y

Like most thermoplastic materials the melt viscosity ofVictrex materials is temperature dependent and showsshear thinning. A comparative plot of melt viscosity at a shear rate of 1000/s for a range of highperformance polymers is shown in Figure 21. AlthoughPEEK has one of the highest processing temperatures,the melt viscosity of PEEK 450G is in the range ofpolycarbonate melts.

Melt viscosity depends on base resin, filler type andfiller level. Materials based on PEEK 450 have higherviscosity than those based on PEEK 150 and PEEK 90.Blending Victrex polymers with fillers such as glass orcarbon fibre leads to higher viscosities as can be seenfrom Figure 22. Based on the high flow grade PEEK 90Gcompounds with up to 60 weight-% filler content arepossible having a lower viscosity than 30% filledcompounds of standard viscosity PEEK 450G. The weargrades with 30 weight-% fillers have viscosities similarto other 30% filled products shown in Figure 22.

250300

350

400

200

150

100

500

Mel

t V

isco

sity

/ P

a s

PA66 (280˚C)

PA6T (320˚C)

PC (340˚C)

PES (390˚C)

PEEK 90G(400˚C)

PEEK 450G(400˚C)

Figure 21: Melt viscosity at a shear rate of 1000/s at typicalprocessing temperatures for a range of thermoplastics

700

600

500

400

300

200

100

0

Mel

t V

isco

sity

/ P

a s

unfilled 30%-filled

PEEK 90 PEEK 150 PEEK 450 HT G22 ST G45

Figure 22: Melt viscosity (1000/s; 400°C) of various Victrexmaterials (ST at 420°C)

Rheology of Victrex polymers is suitable for standard injection moulding aswell as for critical melt processing technologies such as extrusion of APTIV® films.

VICTREX® PEEK polymer replaced steel in high-speed rotors and intricatebearing shells for dispersion instruments used in the medical industry.

9

F L A M M A B I L I T Y A N DC O M B U S T I O N P R O P E R T I E S

Flammability can be defined as the ability of a materialto support combustion, a flammable material beingone which is easily ignited and burns rapidly.

Victrex materials are inherently resistant to combustion,and when they do burn, they produce few toxic orcorrosive gases compared with other polymers. Theaddition of fillers (such as glass or carbon fibre) furtherimproves Victrex materials inherent resistance tocombustion.

IGNITIONThe Glow Wire Test (IEC 695-2-1) assesses the material’sresistance to ignition as well as the ability to selfextinguish. Unfilled PEEK and its compounds achieveGWFI 960°C rating – they ignite at 960°C but selfextinguish on removal of the glow wire.

FLAMMABILITYThe most widely accepted measure of flammability forplastic materials is the UL94-V vertical burn test whichassess the ability of a plastic material to self extinguishonce ignited – it is not a measure of the resistance toignition. Unfilled PEEK 450G achieves UL94-V0 rating at1.5mm. Glass or carbon fibre filled grades achieveUL94-V0 ratings at 0.5mm over a wide range of fillerlevels.

SMOKE DENSITYBurning plastics generate smoke, generally fromincomplete combustion. Smoke reduces visibility,making it more difficult to escape from a fire. Thesmoke levels of Victrex materials are over 95% lowerthan the limits specified in aviation flammabilitystandards (example: Boeing BSS 7238).

SMOKE, TOXICITY AND CORROSIVITYBurning plastics generate a range of toxic fire gases,including hydrogen cyanide (HCN), sulphur gases (SO2,H2S), nitrous gases (NO, NO2) and carbon monoxide

Test without flame [ppm] Test with flame [ppm] Maximum Allowable Concentration [ppm]

after 90s after 4min after 90s after 4min after 90s after 4min

Carbon monoxide (CO) Trace 1 30 100 3000 3500

Hydrogen Chloride (HCl) 0 0 0 0 50 500

Hydrogen Cyanide (HCN) 0 0 0 0 100 150

Sulphur-containing gases (H2S, SO2) 0 0 0 0 50 100

Oxides of Nitrogen (NOx) 0 0 0.5 1 50 100

Hydrogen Fluoride (HF) 0 0 0 0 50 50

Table 2: Toxicity of Combustion Gases from NBS Smoke Chamber Test

(CO). These can be more lethal than the fire itself, asthey can incapacitate people rendering them unable toescape from the fire. Corrosive fire gases such ashydrogen fluoride (HF) and hydrogen chloride (HCl) willpermanently damage sensitive electronic equipment.

The combustion products of Victrex materials arepredominantly carbon dioxide (CO2) and carbonmonoxide (CO). The amount of CO is less than 5% ofthe limits specified in aviation toxicity standards(example Boeing BSS 7239, Airbus ATS-1000).

Toxicity data is usually reported as an amount relativeto the amount of gas considered to be fatal to humans.Table 2 shows the result of tests carried out in NBSsmoke chamber, which confirms that the only toxic gasgenerated in significant quantities is carbon monoxide.

Flame resistant VICTREX® PEEK polymer replaces metal in aerospace P-clamps, saving weight and reducing installation time.

10

Vo

lum

e R

esis

tivi

ty /

Ω c

m

0 100 200 300

Time / s

400 500 600 700

23˚C

200˚C

140˚C

1011

1012

1013

1014

1015

1016

1017

Figure 23: Volume resistivity versus electrification time atvarious temperatures for PEEK 450G

Figure 24: Influence of moisture uptake on the surfaceresistivity of Victrex materials

Dried - Unfilled and 30% glass fibre Saturated-Unfilled

Saturated-30% Glass Fibre

PEEK HT ST1012

1013

1014

1015

1016

1017

1018

Surf

ace

Res

isti

vity

/ Ω

sq

-1

E L E C T R I C A L P R O P E R T I E S

Victrex materials are often used as an electrical insulatorwith outstanding thermal, environmental resistance andmechanical performance.

VOLUME RESISTIVITYThe volume resistance of a material is defined as theratio of potential difference [volts] parallel to thecurrent in a material, to the current density [amps].

As with all insulating materials, the change in resistivitywith temperature, humidity, component geometry andtime may be significant and must be evaluated whendesigning for operating conditions. These effects areplotted for PEEK 450G in terms of volume resistivityversus electrification time and temperature in Figure 23.HT displays similar volume resistivity properties to PEEK450G under these conditions.

Figure 25: Dielectric constant of PEEK 450G attemperatures between 23˚C and 200˚C and frequenciesbetween 100Hz and 100MHz

3

5

4

2

1

0

Die

lect

ric

con

stan

t

23˚C 160˚C 200˚C

100 Hz 100 kHz 100 MHz

Frequency

DIELECTRIC PROPERTIESThe dielectric constant (or relative permittivity) is theratio of a material’s permittivity to the permittivity of avacuum. In polymers the dielectric constant is a functionof frequency and temperature. Figure 25 shows thedielectric constant for PEEK 450G over a range oftemperatures and frequencies.

SURFACE RESISTIVITYThe surface resistance of a material is defined as theratio of the potential difference between twoelectrodes forming a square geometry on the surface ofa specimen and the current which flows between them.Victrex materials have a surface resistivity typical ofhigh performance polymers.

Figure 24 shows the surface resistivity for Victrexmaterials tested in accordance with ESD S11.11 and theimpact of moisture. In all cases the resistivity followingimmersion is reduced. Larger changes are seen for the filled compounds but PEEK, HT and ST still remain insulating.

11

Loss

Tan

gen

t

23˚C 160˚C 200˚C

100 Hz 100 kHz 100 MHz

Frequency

10-3

10-2

10-1

150

200

300

250

100

50

0

23˚C 100˚C 200˚C

25 75 125Thickness / µm

Die

lect

ric

Stre

ng

th /

kV

mm

-1

Figure 26: Loss Tangent of PEEK 450G at temperaturesbetween 23˚C and 200˚C and frequencies between 100Hzand 100MHz

Figure 27: Influence of thickness and temperature on thedielectric strength of crystalline PEEK film

The Loss Tangent (dissipation factor) is expressed as theratio of the Power Loss in a dielectric material to thePower transmitted through it.

The Loss Tangent for PEEK 450G over a range oftemperatures and frequencies is shown in Figure 26. Results are comparable to other highperformance materials.

The dielectric strength is the voltage required toproduce a dielectric breakdown in a material and is ameasure of a material’s electrical strength as aninsulator. Apart from the material type the dielectricstrength is also influenced by other factors includingsample thickness and temperature. Figure 27 shows thedependency of dielectric strength on thickness andtemperature in PEEK films.

VICTREX® PEEK polymer is being used for housings of aluminiumelectrolytic capacitors, meeting the requirements for lead-free solderingtechnologies in the electronics industry.

VICTREX® PEEK polymer is enabling Back-End Test OEMs to enhance theirperformance with improved machinability to extremely fine pitches withlow burr, excellent electrical properties including maintained dielectricproperties over multiple cycles.

12

PEEK 450GPEEK 450CA30PEEK ESD101

450G450CA30ESD 101

Initial Peak Charge/V1900170100

1/eNot reachedNot reached

0.06

Vo

ltag

e /

V

Time / s

103

104

101

100

102

10-2 10-1 100 101 102

Figure 28: Static decay characteristics of PEEK 450G,450CA30 and ESD101

In terms of resistivity, PEEK ESD101 is dissipative. Itoffers tight control of surface resistance within theimportant ESD region of 106 and 109.

Other Victrex materials do not offer tight control ofsurface resistivity, and are either insulating like unfilledor glass filled materials, or they show a large variabilityof surface resistance within the conductive todissipative region like carbon filled materials as shownin Figure 29.

CA and wear grades

PEEK ESD101 Unfilled and GL grades

insulative

antistatic

dissipative

conductive

Surf

ace

Res

isti

vity

/ Ω

sq

103

106

109

1012

1015

1018

-1

Figure 29: Schematic representation of the resistivity ofVictrex materials

Using VICTREX® PEEK polymer in the manufacture of connectors andsensors allows for excellent dielectric properties over a wide range oftemperatures and frequencies in combination with dimensional stabilitythrough the lead-free soldering process, mechanical strength, wearresistance and compliance to RoHS.

STATIC DECAY PROPERTIES AND DISSIPATIVE MATERIALSThe retention of a static charge on the surface of amaterial and the subsequent surface potentials are aconcern in many electronic applications. Figure 28demonstrates the response of three Victrex materialsfollowing exposure to a 9kV corona. The suitability of amaterial in a triboelectrical environment is indicated bythe amount of charge that initially couples to thesample’s surface and the time it takes to dissipate. Theresults show that PEEK 450G charges easier and decaysslower. PEEK ESD101 is least susceptible to chargingwith the additional benefit of faster decay times [1/erefers to the time for the initial peak charge to decay to36.8% of its value measured in seconds].

Wafer cassette made with VICTREX® PEEK-ESD™ polymer dissipate staticcharges in a controlled way, preventing damage to the wafer andpreventing wafer contamination due to electrostatic attraction by reducingand preventing electrostatic accumulation.

13

There is little difference in the Coefficient of Friction atthe low velocity and pressure condition. The Coefficientof Friction of lubricated compounds reduces at highervelocity and pressure conditions, but increases for thenon-lubricated PEEK 450CA30 as shown in Figure 31.

0.8

0.6

0.4

0.2

0.0

Co

effi

cien

t o

f Fr

icti

on

, µ

PEEK 450CA30 WG101PEEK 450FC30

1m/s and 5 MPa 2m/s and 7.5 MPa

Pressure and Velocity Condition

Figure 31: Coefficient of Friction of various Victrexmaterials tested using the Block on Ring method

2.5

2.0

1.5

1.0

0.5

0.0

PEEK 450CA30 PEEK 450FC30 WG101

1m/s and 5 MPa 2m/s and 7.5 MPa

Pressure and Velocity Condition

Spec

ific

Wea

r R

ate

/ 10

mm

N m

3-6

-1-1

Figure 30: Specific wear rate of various Victrex materialstested using the Block on Ring method

T R I B O L O G Y

Tribology is the branch of engineering that deals withthe interaction of contacting surfaces in relative motionunder applied load; their design, friction, wear andlubrication.

Victrex materials are used for tribological componentsdue to their outstanding resistance to wear under highpressure and velocity conditions.

FRICTION AND WEARWear is the progressive loss of material from surfaces inrelative motion to one another. Wear may make thesurface smoother or rougher, due to a range ofprocesses including surface fatigue, abrasive wear andadhesive wear. The lower the wear rate, the better theresistance to wear in that specific wear scenario. TheWear Rate is defined as the rate of height loss in aspecific wear environment, but is often reported asSpecific Wear Rate or Wear Factor (Wear Rate /(pressure x velocity).

The Wear Rate is influenced by the test conditions(pressure and velocity), it is therefore vital to knowwhether the Wear Factor is from high speed / lowpressure or from low speed / high pressure testing.

Friction is the resistance to sliding motion between twosurfaces. It is a dimensionless property (µ), varying withvelocity, pressure, temperature, lubrication, theroughness and nature of the contacting surface.

Frictional heating increases the temperature of thecomponent especially in situations where there islimited possibility for heat to be removed from thesystem. As temperature increases above Tg, for a givenmaterial, there is a corresponding increase in wear rate(the material becoming softer).

BLOCK ON RINGThe Block on Ring test geometry (ASTM G137)measures the wear resistance of polymers under drysliding conditions. This configuration is better suited formeasurement of steady state wear rates at high loadsand speeds which would lead to overheating(premature failure by melting) in the ASTM D3702thrust washer configuration. Despite the differences in testing configurations, a good correlation in theranking of wear resistance is achieved between the two methods.

Block on Ring tests on a range of Victrex materials overthe pressure and velocity range 5-15 MPa.m/s show thatwear grades exhibit significantly lower wear rates thanthe PEEK 450CA30 reference as can be seen in Figure 30.

14

THRUST WASHERThe ASTM D3702 thrust washer test method (wear rateand coefficient of friction of materials in self-lubricatedrubbing contact) is widely used in the automotiveindustry to compare and rank polymers.

Tests carried out at speeds of 1-4m/s and loads of 0.35-0.65MPa (PV levels 0.35-2.6MPa.m/s) show the effect offormulation on wear performance for a range ofVictrex materials and can be seen in Figure 32.

Carbon fibre materials (CA and HMF codes) havereduced wear rate compared with glass fibrecompounds (GL codes). Materials with wear additives(FC, FW and WG codes) show the lowest wear ratesover these test conditions.

Figure 32: Average wear rates at low PV levels of variousVictrex materials tested using the Thrust Washer method

Figure 34 shows that Victrex WG polymers run withlower coefficient of friction than other highperformance materials. Note that the coefficient offriction is four times higher than obtained with theblock on ring (ASTM G137) method discussedpreviously.

1816

141210

86

24

0

1.75 MPa 3.50 MPa 7.00 MPa

PEEK 450FC30 WG101 WG102 PEEK/PBI blend

PI wear grade PAI wear grade

Wea

r R

ate

/ µ

m h

-1

Figure 33: Wear rate of various Victrex materialscompared to other high performance materials testedusing the Thrust Washer method at 1m/s test speed

On the basis of ASTM D3702 testing, the applicationwindow for Victrex wear compounds is as shown inFigure 35. WG101 and WG102 can be used atsignificantly higher speeds and PV conditions than450FC30. WG102 shows superior performance at thehighest speeds tested.

0.20

0.15

0.10

0.05

0.00C

oef

fici

ent

of

Fric

tio

n, µ

1.75 MPa 3.50 MPa 7.00 MPa

PEEK 450FC30 WG101 WG102 PEEK/PBI blend

PI wear grade PAI wear grade

Figure 34: Coefficient of friction of various Victrexmaterials compared to other high performance materialstested using the Thrust Washer method at 1m/s test speed

*VICTREX PEEK 450FC30 did not survive past the 1.75 MPa test condition, the PAI weargrade did not survive past the 3.5 MPa test condition

40

30

20

10

0GL30 CA30 HMF40 FW30 FC30 WG

0.7 MPa.m/s 1.4 MPa.m/s

Wea

r R

ate

/ µ

m h

-1

PV L

evel

/ M

Pa m

s

0 1 2 3

Speed / m sPEEK 450FC30 WG101 WG102

4 5 60

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

-1

-1

Figure 33 shows wear results from ASTM D3702 testingfor Victrex compounds and other high performancepolymers used in demanding tribological situationstested to destruction over speeds up to 6m/s. Theseresults show that Victrex WG polymers have betterwear performance than other high performancematerials.

Figure 35: Application window for Victrex wear grades

15

LIMITING PRESSURE AND VELOCITYMaterials used for tribologically sensitive applicationsare often ranked according to their Limiting PV (Lpv).The Lpv is the maximum pressure and speed condition amaterial survives before exhibiting excessive wear,interfacial melting or crack growth from ploughing.Materials in critical tribological interactions mayundergo either a pressure or a velocity induced failure.A pressure induced failure occurs when the loading of asample increases to the point at which the sampleundergoes fatigue crack growth from an asperityremoval. A velocity induced failure occurs at the pointwhen the relative motion between surfaces is such thatthermal work at the material interface is sufficient tocatastrophically increase the wear rate.

Automotive wear test scenarios include applicationswhere high loads are expected with relatively lowspeeds (such as thrust washers) as well as ones werehigh speeds are expected with relatively low loads (suchas dynamic seals). Under the same PV conditions, thrustwashers take higher loads but rotate much slower thandynamic seals.

Testing was carried out with a modified ASTM D3702thrust washer geometry to obtain Lpv data at lowspeeds / high loads and high speeds / low loads.

At low speeds / high loads, all materials tested survivedbeyond 20MPa load and 0.7m/s speed. Premium weargrades (WG101 and WG102) showed significantly lowercoefficients of friction and counterface temperaturesthan standard Victrex wear materials (150FW30 and450FC30).

At high speeds / low loads, the compounds showedthree different performance categories (with the sameranking as the ASTM G137 block on ring test fromFigures 30 and 31), see Figure 36. All samples failedwhen counterface temperatures exceeded 300°C.

Carbon fibre reinforced, without wear additives(450CA30 and HT 22CA30), have low Lpv (under 7 MPa.m/s) with high coefficient of friction (0.25).

Standard Wear grades (150FW30 and 450FC30) havehigher Lpv (6-9 MPa.m/s) with lower coefficient offriction (0.20).

Premium wear grades (WG101, WG102) havesignificantly improved Lpv (10-18 MPa.m/s) with muchlower coefficients of friction (0.05-0.15). WG102survived beyond the maximum load / speedcombination in this test.

20

15

10

5

0

Lpv

/ M

Pa m

s

PEEK CA30 PEEK FC30 / FW30 WG101 / WG102

0.3

0.2

0.1

0

Co

effi

cien

t o

f Fr

icti

on

, µ

Lpv Coefficient of Friction

-1

Figure 36: Lpv and Coefficient of friction under highspeed / low load conditions for Victrex materials

VICTREX® PEEK polymer replaces iron in design of gears used in balanceshaft modules to deliver durability, reliability and improve efficiency.

VICTREX® HT™ polymer replaced metal with flouropolymer coatings inprinter split finger eliminating the need for secondary processing providinghigh temperature performance in a tribological environment.

16

GAS AND LIQUID PERMEATIONPEEK provides an effective barrier to the permeation offluids and gasses. The solubility of fluids and gasses, thediffusion through and the permeation from PEEKpolymer are up to several orders of magnitude lowerthan other commonly used polymers. Although there isincreased polymer chain movement with increasedtemperature the solubility of gasses remains almostconstant with increasing temperature and there is littlechange in any of the permeation parameters as theglass transition temperature is exceeded. Furthermore,the effect of high pressure is minimal: for example a100-fold increase in pressure produces only a 10-foldincrease in permeation rate. The low solubility ofvarious fluids and gases in PEEK combined with its highmodulus ensures that it is not susceptible to the effectsof Rapid Gas Decompression.

E N V I R O N M E N TA LR E S I S TA N C E

Victrex polymers exhibit excellent all-roundenvironmental resistance which is retained at elevatedtemperatures. This means that they can be used to formcomponents which are used in highly aggressiveenvironments such as those in down-hole oil and gasapplications or in parts which are exposed to repeatedsteam sterilisation.

HYDROLYSIS RESISTANCEVictrex high performance polymers are not attacked byprolonged exposure to water, sea water or steam whichmakes them an ideal choice for use in applications suchas medical components, subsea equipment, and valvecomponents.

120

110

100

90

70

80

60

50Ret

enti

on

of

Ten

sile

Str

eng

th /

%

Sea water 100˚C672h

Water 75˚C1440h

Steam 200˚C2000h

Figure 37: Retention of Tensile Strength of PEEK as afunction of time in water at 75°C, sea water at 100°C andsteam at 200°C and 14 bar pressure

Selected for its ability to withstand the high temperatures of thesterilisation process and for its abrasion resistance, VICTREX® PEEK polymer replaces stainless steel valves and housings in beverage bottling machines.

VICTREX® PEEK polymer is used as a high-performance liner for wearresistant production tubing in the oil and gas industry exploiting PEEK’sresistance to chemicals and gas permeation.

17

Table 3: Permeation rates of various common gasesthrough 100µm crystalline PEEK film.

CHEMICAL RESISTANCEVICTREX PEEK is widely regarded as having excellentresistance to a very wide range of chemical species overa range of temperatures, retaining high levels ofmechanical properties and generally with little swellingor discolouration. As an indication of this broadchemical resistance, Figure 38 shows the retention oftensile strength for PEEK 450G after 28 days immersionin a range of chemicals at various temperatures.

A current chemical resistance list is available for downloadfrom our website www.victrex.com

15%

HCI (

100˚C

)

20%

H SO

(23

˚C)

2

43

10%

HNO (

100˚C

)

50%

NaO

H (125

˚C)

Met

hanol (

200˚C

)

Aceto

nitrile

(125

˚C)

Kerose

ne (12

5˚C)

Dichlo

rom

ethan

e (12

5˚C)

Skyd

rol (

23˚C

)

Xylene (

125˚C

)

80

120

100

60

40

20

0Ret

enti

on

of

Ten

sile

Str

eng

th /

%

Figure 38: Retention of tensile strength of PEEK 450Gafter 4 weeks immersion in a range of chemical species

Table 4: Comparative permeation data for PEEK and otherhigh performance polymers

Extensive studies of the permeation of gases such ashydrogen sulphide (H2S) through PEEK pipes haveshown that PEEK provides superior barrier propertiescompared to other high performance polymers asshown in Table 4.

Gas Permeation Rate

cm3m-2day-1

Carbon Dioxide 420

Helium 1600

Hydrogen 1400

Methane 8

Nitrogen 15

Oxygen 76

Water Vapour 4

Material Temperature Permeation Diffusion(˚C) coefficient Q coefficient D

(cm2s-1atm-1) (cm2s-1)

PEEK 155 6.2 x 10-9

6.5 x 10-8

PEEK 110 1.2 x 10-9

1.3 x 10-8

PVDF 100 1.3 x 10-6

Not available

PA 11 100 6.6 x 10-7

0.8 x 10-6

VICTREX® PEEK polymer used in patented PEEK-SEP membrane technologyfor the purification of natural gas, VOC abatement and filtration ofaggressive solvents in demanding separation applications.

18

TML – total mass loss – is the total mass of material thatis outgassed from the test sample when maintained ata specific temperature for a specific time.

CVCM – collected volatile condensable material – is thequantity of outgassed matter from the test samplewhich is condensed and collected at a giventemperature and time.

WVR – water vapour regained – is the mass of waterregained by the test sample after conditioning at 50%relative humidity at 23°C for 24 hours.

OUTGASSING CHARACTERISTICSVictrex materials are inherently pure with very smallamounts of low molecular weight volatile organics.Table 5 shows data generated in accordance with ASTME595. Victrex materials were heated to 125˚C for 24hunder a vacuum of 5x10-5 Torr. All values are expressedas a percentage of the weight of the test sample.ASTM E595 specifies acceptable limits for TML as 1.0%maximum and for CVCM 0.1% maximum.

Table 5: Outgassing characteristics of various Victrexmaterials

PEEK %TML %CVCM %WVR

450G 0.26 0.00 0.12

450GL30 0.20 0.00 0.08

450CA30 0.33 0.00 0.12

VICTREX® PEEK polymer provides optimum dimensional stability andpurity for wafer contact components in Front Opening Unified Pod (FOUP)silicon wafer technology.

RADIATION RESISTANCEThermoplastic materials exposed to electromagnetic orparticle based ionising radiation can become brittle.Due to the energetically stable chemical structure ofVictrex materials, components can successfully operatein, or be repeatedly sterilised by, high doses of ionisingradiation. A comparative bar chart of PEEK 450G andother high performance polymers is shown in Figure 39,where the recorded dose is at the point at which aslight reduction in flexural properties is observed. Thedata shows that Victrex materials have greaterresistance to radiation damage than other highperformance polymers.

PEEK

450G PS

Epoxy

Silico

ne

Polyi

mid

ePS

U PC

Phen

olic

Aceta

lFE

PPT

FE

Gam

ma

Do

se /

Rad

s

103

104

105

106

107

108

109

1010

Figure 39: The oxidative gamma radiation dose at which a slight deterioration of flexural properties occurs

19

A P P R O VA L S A N D S P E C I F I C AT I O N S

Victrex materials are used extensively across a broad spectrum of applications including Aerospace (Commercial andDefence), Automotive, Marine, Industrial and Energy (Fossil Fuel and Renewable), where end-user approval isnecessary to confirm compliance of the finished product to the end-users own standard or an international marketsector standard. Specifications are met at various industry leaders such as Airbus, Boeing, Daimler-Chrysler, Bosch andthe US Military. Table 6 summaries a number of important global approvals that Victrex materials meet.

Table 6: Summary of global approvals met by Victrex materials

WATER CONTACT

WRAS - (BS 6920) VICTREX PEEK 450G, 450GL30, 450CA30 and450FC30 meet the WRAS, (Water RegulationsAdvisory Scheme) - Effects on Water quality toBS 6920 for non-metallics being suitable forcontact with, and for the manufacture ofcomponents of water fittings for use in contactwith cold and hot water up to 85°C fordomestic purposes.

DVGW - (W270) VICTREX PEEK-unreinforced, GL30, CA30 andFC30 meet the DVGW-(German Association ofGas and Water), standard W270 for MicrobialEnhancement on Materials to Come intoContact with Drinking Water – Testing andAssessment.

FOOD CONTACT

2002/72/EC VICTREX PEEK and VICTREX HT unfilled, and anumber of filled compounds, comply with theregulations of European CommissionRegulation (EU) 10/2011 up to and includingamendment Regulation 1282/2011, both intheir relevant versions on materials and articlesintended to come into contact with food.Please contact your local Victrex office for upto date information.

FDA 21 CFR 177.2415 VICTREX PEEK - unfilled, unfilled black 903GLxx, GLxx Blk, CAxx, FE20, FW30, and VICTREXHT-unfilled comply with the compositionalrequirements of the regulations for plastics forfood contact FDA 21 CFR 177.2415, of the Foodand Drug Administration (FDA) of the UnitedStates of America.

3A Sanitary Standard VICTREX PEEK unfilled (all grades based on 90,for Multiple Use 150, 380 and 450 viscosities), APTIV 1000 and Plastic Materials 2000 series extruded films, and VICOTE 700

series milled powders.

FLAMMABILITY

UL94 VICTREX PAEK polymers and compoundsconform to the general requirements of UL(Underwriters Laboratory) FlammabilityStandard 94-V. Grade specific details areavailable upon request from Victrex plc orthrough the UL website under referenceQMFZ2.E161131.

GENERAL

ISO 9001:2008 The management system of VictrexManufacturing Ltd has been assessed andcertified to ISO 9001:2008 for the Design,Manufacture and Sale of High-performancePolyketones.

REACH Victrex polymers are exempt from the REACHregistration requirements. Monomers used inthe polymer manufacture have been pre-registered in accordance with the requirementsof REACH. To the best of our knowledge at this time, Victrex products do not contain anySVHC's-(Substance of Very High Concern)>0.1%w/w. It is our policy to monitor all newand existing suppliers to ensure we do notsupply material containing Substances of VeryHigh Concern >0.1%w/w.

RoHS VICTREX PEEK, VICTREX HT, VICTREX ST andCompounds conform to the requirements ofDirective 2002/95/EC (27th January 2003) onRoHS-(the Restriction of the use of certainHazardous Substances in electrical andelectronic equipment).

ELV VICTREX PEEK, VICTREX HT, VICTREX ST andCompounds conform to the requirements ofDirective 2000/53/EC for ELV-(End of LifeVehicles). Covering vehicles and end-of lifevehicles, including their components andmaterials.

WEEE Victrex materials, in conjunction with theDirective for RoHS, conform to therequirements of the European Directive 2002-96-EC for WEEE-(Waste Electrical and ElectronicEquipment).

FM 4910 Approval VICTREX PEEK-unfilled conforms to therequirements of the American NationalStandard for Cleanroom materials FlammabilityTest Protocol, ANSI/FM 4910. FM 4910 wasdeveloped to meet the need in thesemiconductor industry for fire-safe materials.

MITI Approval VICTREX PEEK has been approved to the MITI-(Ministry of Trade and Industry).

Environmental Policy Victrex has an environmental policy andoperates to an operating permit (referencenumber BU5640IA) issued and audited by theUK Environment Agency. We also have aninternal environmental management systemwhich is audited as part of our ISO 9001:2008registration.

Victrex Polymer Solutions is constantly exploring new applications for our PAEK-based products, which is continuously increasing thenumber of approvals and specifications for our products.

Please contact your local Victrex Office or enquire via our website. www.victrex.com

20

M AT E R I A L S O F C H O I C E

Unfilled

Condition Test Method Units PEEK PEEK PEEK PEEK PEEK

90G 150G/151G 381G 450G 650G

Mechanical Properties

Tensile Strength Yield, 23°C ISO 527 MPa 110 110 100 100 95

Break, 23°C

Break, 125°C

Break, 175°C

Break, 275°C

Tensile Elongation 23°C ISO 527 % 15 25 40 45 45

Tensile Modulus 23°C ISO 527 GPa 3.7 3.7 3.7 3.7 3.5

Flexural Strength 23°C ISO 178 MPa 180 175 170 165 155

125°C 95 90 90 85 85

175°C 20 19 18 18 16

275°C 14 13 13 13 9

Flexural Modulus 23°C ISO 178 GPa 4.3 4.3 4.2 4.1 4.0

Compressive Strength 23°C ISO 604 MPa 130 130 125 125 120

120°C 80 80 70 70 65

200°C

250°C

Charpy Impact strength Notched, 23°C ISO 179/1eA kJ/m2 4.0 4.0 6.0 7.0 8.0

Unnotched, 23°C ISO 179/1U no break no break no break no break no break

Izod Impact Strength Notched, 23°C ISO 180/A kJ/m2 4.5 5.0 6.5 7.5 9.5

Unnotched, 23°C ISO 180/U no break no break no break no break no break

Thermal Properties

Melting Point ISO 3146 °C 343 343 343 343 343

Glass Transition (Tg) Onset ISO 3146 °C 143 143 143 143 143

Coefficient of Thermal Expansion Along flow <Tg ISO 11359 ppm/K 45 45 45 45 45

Average <Tg 55 55 55 55 65

Along flow >Tg 120 120 120 120 125

Average >Tg 140 140 140 140 160

Heat Deflection Temperature 1.8MPa ISO 75A-f °C 156 156 152 152 152

Thermal Conductivity 23°C ISO 22007-4 W/m.K 0.29 0.29 0.29 0.29 0.29

RTI Electrical UL 746B °C 260 260 260

Mechanical without impact 240 240 240

Mechanical with impact 180 180 180

Flow properties

Melt Viscosity 400°C ISO 11443 Pa.s 90 130 300 350 500

420°C

Other Properties

Density 23°C ISO 1183 g/cm3 1.30 1.30 1.30 1.30 1.30

Electrical Properties

Dielectric Strength 2.5mm thickness IEC 60243-1 kV/mm 16 16 16 16 20

Comparative Tracking Index 23°C IEC 60112 V 150 150 150 150 150

Loss Tangent 23°C, 1MHz IEC 60250 n/a 0.004 0.004 0.004 0.003 0.005

Dielectric Constant 23°C, 1kHz IEC 60250 n/a 3.1 3.1 3.1 3.1 3.1

Volume Resistivity 23°C IEC 60093 Ωcm 1016 1016 1016 1016 1016

Recommended processing conditions

Temperature settings hopper – nozzle °C 350-365 350-365 350-370 355-375 375-395

Recommended Mould Temperature (max 250°C) °C 160-200 160-200 170-200 170-200 170-200

Nozzle Temperature used for spiral flow and mould shrinkage °C 365 365 370 375 395

Tool Temperature used for spiral flow and mould shrinkage °C 160 160 170 180 180

Spiral flow 1mm wall thickness Victrex mm 245 220 130 110 125

3mm wall thickness 700 630

Mould Shrinkage Along flow ISO 294-4 % 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 0.8

Across flow % 1.3 1.3 1.3 1.3 1.3

Glass fibre reinforced Carbon fibre reinforced

HT ST PEEK PEEK PEEK PEEK HT ST PEEK PEEK PEEK PEEK

G22 G45 90GL30 150GL30 450GL30 650GL30 22GL30 45GL30 90CA30 150CA30 450CA30 650CA30

115 115

190 190 180 170 200 200 260 260 260 250

130 125 115 95 125 130 180 150 160 150

80 75 60 50 75 80 110 95 85 85

45 45 35 30 55 50 65 55 50 50

20 20 2.3 2.5 2.7 2.9 2.8 2.5 1.3 1.5 1.7 2.2

3.7 4.3 12.0 12.0 11.8 11.5 12.0 12.0 27 26 25 24

185 180 290 280 270 260 300 270 360 360 380 370

110 110 230 230 190 170 210 180 250 250 250 250

32 36 115 115 80 75 120 120 120 120 120 120

16 21 75 75 50 45 85 70 60 60 60 60

4.2 4.1 12.0 11.5 11.3 10.0 11.0 11.0 24 23 23 22

140 145 250 250 250 190 290 290 300 300 300 280

90 90 160 160 160 120 180 190 200 200 200 180

30 35 55 55 55 35 75 75 70 70 70 60

50 50

3.8 4.0 7.5 7.5 8.0 12.0 9.0 9.5 6.0 6.0 7.0 10.5

no break no break 45 55 55 70 70 70 45 45 45 60

5.0 6.0 8.5 9.0 10.5 12 11 11 7.0 7.5 10 12

no break no break 40 55 60 65 70 60 40 40 50 60

373 387 343 343 343 343 373 387 343 343 343 343

152 162 143 143 143 143 152 162 143 143 143 143

45 45 20 20 18 18 20 21 5 5 5 6

55 55 45 45 45 45 45 40 40 40 40 50

75 105 20 20 18 22 25 23 5 6 6 6

130 125 110 110 110 120 110 100 90 100 100 135

163 172 335 335 328 320 360 380 342 339 336 333

0.29 0.29 0.30 0.30 0.30 0.30 0.30 0.30 0.95 0.95 0.95 0.95

240 240

240 240 240 240

220 220 200 200

190 220 280 560 750 500 260 320 675

220 620 550 650

1.30 1.30 1.52 1.52 1.51 1.51 1.53 1.53 1.40 1.40 1.40 1.40

17 21 17 17 20 20 16 19

150 150 150 150 150 150 150

0.005 0.004 0.004 0.004 0.005 0.004 0.005 0.004

3.2 3.0 3.3 3.3 3.2 3.5 3.2 3.3

1016 1016 1016 1016 1016 1016 1016 1016 105 105 105 105

375-395 375-395 355-370 360-380 360-385 385-405 375-395 385-410 360-380 365-385 375-395 390-415

190-215 200-220 170-200 170-200 180-200 180-200 190-215 200-220 170-200 180-210 180-210 180-210

395 395 370 380 385 405 395 410 380 385 395 415

200 200 180 180 190 190 200 210 190 200 200 200

200 160 185 150 85 90 105 100 130 140 75 80

680 410 450 440 330 375

1.0 1.1 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1

1.2 1.2 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.8 0.9 0.9 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5

Friction and Wear grades Special Products

HT ST PEEK PEEK PEEK PEEK PEEK PEEK PEEK

22CA30 45CA30 90HMF20 90HMF40 150FC30 450FC30 150FW30 450FE20 WG101 WG102 ESD101

260 270 280 330 150 140 180 78 180 190 120

170 180 190 220 100 95 115 125 130 75

110 120 120 145 65 55 85 85

70 70 80 85 35 35 55 55

1.6 1.7 1.9 1.2 2.0 2.2 1.8 25 1.9 1.9 1.5

26 25 22 45 12.5 12.5 15 2.9 19 19 11.5

370 380 400 480 220 230 270 125 280 290 190

240 290 290 350 160 160 170 70 220 220 135

170 190 180 220 80 80 105 18 140 145 65

90 100 100 120 45 45 65 13 70 75 35

23 23 20 37 11.5 11.5 14.5 3.2 17 17 10.5

300 310 270 310 170 170 210 105 220 250 170

210 210 200 250 110 110 155 65 160 175 115

95 95 90 120 60 65 80 45

65 65 45 55

6.5 7.0 7.5 8.0 4.0 5.0 5.0 6.0 5.0 5.0 2.5

45 50 60 60 30 35 35 no break 35 35 17

9 10.0 9.5 10.5 5.0 6.5 5.0 7.5 6.0 6.0 3.5

45 50 60 60 30 35 35 no break 35 35 25

373 387 343 343 343 343 343 343 343 373 343

152 162 143 143 143 143 143 143 143 152 143

5 10 5.5 3.0 12 15 9 40 9 9 25

35 40 40 35 45 45 45 60 35 35 40

5 13 3.0 1.0 15 20 9 120 10 10 70

90 95 100 80 110 115 110 140 90 90 125

368 383 347 349 315 315 >300 150 343 367 258

0.95 0.95 1.0 2.0 0.87 0.87 1.3 1.3

240 240

180 180

550 200 330 290 550 260 340 350 600 275

560

1.41 1.41 1.37 1.45 1.45 1.45 1.43 1.40 1.44 1.44 1.65

21

0.004

2.8

105 105 105 105 108 1010 107 1015 106 107 108

380-405 390-415 365-385 365-385 360-380 365-385 365-385 355-375 370-390 390-410 365-385

190-215 200-230 180-200 190-200 170-200 170-200 170-200 170-200 180-210 190-215 180-220

405 415 385 380 380 385 385 375 390 410 385

200 210 190 190 180 200 180 180 200 190 180

80 90 180 100 130 80 165 130 135 85 140

410 380 360

0.1 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.2 0.3 0.1 1.2 0.0 0.1 0.4

0.7 0.7 0.6 0.4 0.7 0.7 0.6 1.7 0.5 0.6 0.5

www.victrex.com

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VICTREX PLC BELIEVES THAT THE INFORMATION CONTAINED IN THIS BROCHURE IS AN ACCURATE DESCRIPTION OF THE TYPICAL CHARACTERISTICS AND/OR USES OF THE PRODUCT OR PRODUCTS, BUT IT IS THE CUSTOMER’S RESPONSIBILITY

TO THOROUGHLY TEST THE PRODUCT IN EACH SPECIFIC APPLICATION TO DETERMINE ITS PERFORMANCE, EFFICACY AND SAFETY FOR EACH END-USE PRODUCT, DEVICE OR OTHER APPLICATION. SUGGESTIONS OF USES SHOULD NOT BE TAKEN

AS INDUCEMENTS TO INFRINGE ANY PARTICULAR PATENT. THE INFORMATION AND DATA CONTAINED HEREIN ARE BASED ON INFORMATION WE BELIEVE RELIABLE. MENTION OF A PRODUCT IN THIS DOCUMENTATION IS NOT A GUARANTEE

OF AVAILABILITY. VICTREX PLC RESERVES THE RIGHT TO MODIFY PRODUCTS, SPECIFICATIONS AND/OR PACKAGING AS PART OF A CONTINUOUS PROGRAM OF PRODUCT DEVELOPMENT. VICTREX® IS A REGISTERED TRADEMARK OF VICTREX

MANUFACTURING LIMITED. VICTREX PIPES™ IS A TRADEMARK OF VICTREX MANUFACTURING LIMITED. PEEK-ESD™, HT™, ST™ AND WG™ ARE TRADEMARKS OF VICTREX PLC. VICOTE® AND APTIV® ARE REGISTERED TRADEMARKS OF VICTREX PLC.

VICTREX PLC MAKES NO WARRANTIES, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING, WITHOUT LIMITATION, A WARRANTY OF FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE OR OF INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY NON-INFRINGEMENT, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO

PATENT NON-INFRINGEMENT, WHICH ARE EXPRESSLY DISCLAIMED, WHETHER EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, IN FACT OR BY LAW. FURTHER, VICTREX PLC MAKES NO WARRANTY TO YOUR CUSTOMERS OR AGENTS, AND HAS NOT AUTHORIZED ANYONE TO

MAKE ANY REPRESENTATION OR WARRANTY OTHER THAN AS PROVIDED ABOVE. VICTREX PLC SHALL IN NO EVENT BE LIABLE FOR ANY GENERAL, INDIRECT, SPECIAL, CONSEQUENTIAL, PUNITIVE, INCIDENTAL OR SIMILAR DAMAGES, INCLUDING

WITHOUT LIMITATION, DAMAGES FOR HARM TO BUSINESS, LOST PROFITS OR LOST SAVINGS, EVEN IF VICTREX HAS BEEN ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGES, REGARDLESS OF THE FORM OF ACTION.

W O R L D H E A D Q U A R T E R

Victrex plcVictrex Technology CentreHillhouse InternationalThornton CleveleysLancashire FY5 4QDUnited Kingdom Phone +44 (0)1253 897700Fax +44 (0)1253 897701Email victrexplc@victrex.com

A S I A P A C I F I C

Victrex High-PerformanceMaterials (Shanghai) Co LtdPart B Building G1688 Zhuanxing RoadXinzhuang Industry ParkShanghai 201108ChinaPhone +86 (0)21 6113 6900Fax +86 (0)21 6113 6901Email scsales@victrex.com

E U R O P E

Victrex Europa GmbHLanggasse 1665719 Hofheim/Ts.GermanyPhone +49 (0)6192 96490Fax +49 (0)6192 964948Email eurosales@victrex.com

J A P A N

Victrex Japan Inc.Japan Technology CenterMita Kokusai Building Annex 4-28 Mita 1-chomeMinato-kuTokyo 108-0073 JapanPhone +81 (0)3 5427 4650Fax +81 (0)3 5427 4651Email japansales@victrex.com

A M E R I C A S

Victrex USA, Inc.300 Conshohocken State RoadSuite 120West Conshohocken, PA 19428USAPhone +1 (0) 800-VICTREXPhone +1 (0) 484-342-6001Fax +1 (0) 484-342-6002Email americas@victrex.com