Properties and Changes
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Transcript of Properties and Changes
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Properties and ChangesRocks and Minerals
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Can be observed or measured to describe
matter.
Physical Property
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Strength Hardness Flexibility Ability to conduct heat Ability to conduct electricity Ability to be attracted by magnets Reactions to water and fire
Physical Properties of Matter
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Ability to resist being moved or broken by
force.
Strength
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A measure of how resistant solid matter is to
permanent shapes when a force is applied.
Hardness
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Capable of bending without breaking.
Flexibility
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A channel in which something travels/moves
through.
Conduct
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Forming or breaking chemical bonds between
atoms causing changes to the original structure.
Reaction
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Combining elements to make a whole.
Composition
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Minerals are naturally occurring. They are
usually solid and feature a crystal structure as well as chemical composition.
Mineral
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Capable of being seen.
Observable
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How a mineral appears to reflect light, and
how shiny or dull the mineral is.
Luster
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Color
Color results from a mineral’s chemical composition and impurities.
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Fracture and parting of atoms in a mineral,
and the pattern which it breaks when put under stress.
Cleavage
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Color of the powder produced when it is
dragged across a streak plate.
Streak
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List of minerals numbered 1 to 10 on a scale of softness (1) or
hardness (10).
1. Talc2. Gypsum3. Calcite4. Fluorite5. Apatite6. Orthoclase Feldspar7. Quartz8. Topaz9. Corundum10. Diamond
Moh’s Hardness Scale
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Minerals make up Earth's rocks, sands, and soils.
Rocks are minerals, but minerals are not rocks.
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Molten rock is rock heated to a temperature
that turns it into a thick liquid.
Molten
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breaking down of rocks, soil and minerals
Weathering and Erosion
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Rocks and minerals that are moved to a
different location through weathering and erosion.
Deposit
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Pressure on the rock with the weight of
overlying layers. This squashes grains together more tightly.
Compacted
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Change in composition or structure
Transformed
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Igneous rocks are formed from molten rock
called magma. They are mostly made up of interlocking crystals and are usually very hard to break.
Igneous Rock
Basalt Pumice Granite
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Sedimentary rocks are formed from sediment
grains deposited by water, wind or ice. They are always formed in layers, and often contain fossils.
Sedimentary Rock
Sandstone Conglomerate
Limestone and Chalk
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Metamorphic rocks were once igneous or
sedimentary rocks, but have been changed as a result of intense heat and/or pressure within the Earth’s crust.
Metamorphic Rock
GneissShale Marble Schist
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http://www.geolsoc.org.uk/ks3/gsl/education/resources/rockcycle/page3446.html