Propaganda

• This is a form of communication that is aimed at influencing the attitude of a

community towards some cause or position by presenting only one side of

an argument. Propaganda is usually repeated and dispersed over a wide

variety of media in order to create the chosen result in audience attitudes.

Type Definition

Ad Nauseam This strategy uses tireless repetition of an idea. An idea, especially a simple slogan, that is repeated enough times, may begin to be taken as the truth. This approach works best when media sources are limited or controlled by the propagator.

Card StackingStrategy of showing the product's bestfeatures. Telling half-truths and emittingor lying about it's potential problems.

Type Definition

Appeal to fear Fear is one of the most effective methods of controlling others.

Appeal to Authority

Associated with fear, human beingsseem reluctant to oppose authority.We're taught that we do not want toget into trouble. Also, we may find iteasier to follow than lead. We tend toblindly follow authority.

Type Definition

Unwarranted emotional appeal Even unrestrained joy (the mania of the crowd) can persuade and make people lose their reason.

Bandwagon techniqueEveryone else is doing it; why not youtoo? If you think otherwise, you’re notpatriotic, etc.

Type Definition

Black and White Fallacies Two alternative states presented as the only possibilities, when in fact more possibilities exist; also known as a false dilemma.

Loaded Words/Terms/Statements/Questions

This technique involves using wordswith strong positive or negativeconnotations, or associations. Name-calling is an example of the use ofloaded words. So is any use of wordsthat are charged with emotion.

Type Definition

Useful Idiot A naive and susceptible person to manipulation for propaganda or other purposes; (more widely) any person similarly manipulable for political purposes.

TrollTroll Bait (Trolling)

A person who makes a deliberately offensive or provocative online post.

Type Definition

Obtain disapproval Citizens band together to hate or stand against a common enemy.

Stereotyping It is much easier to disapprove of agroup if we believe everyone in thegroup is the same. For example, allteenagers are lazy or selfish.

Scapegoating Find a person or a group to blame it allon.

Type Definition

Plain Folks The use of everyday people to sell a product or service. Speakers in ads appear to make the person to be one of the people.

Glittering Generalities

The act of referring to words orideas that evoke a positiveemotional response from anaudience. Virtue words are oftenused. Using abstract or undefinedlanguage to an extent where peoplebelieve it, like Freedom, Glory,Patriotism.