Propaganda and American WWII Films
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Transcript of Propaganda and American WWII Films
Seminar History and Memory in American Literature and Culture Propaganda and American WWII Films #PropagandaWWII
Propaganda and American WWII Films
Sergio Mena
@menasergio
Seminar History and Memory in American Literature and Culture Propaganda and American WWII Films #PropagandaWWII
USA went into a war that was an foreign
matter until that time. Most of the population
did not feel the war as own. It was necessary
a big motivation to mobilize men and involve
people on that task.
@menasergio 2
Seminar History and Memory in American Literature and Culture Propaganda and American WWII Films #PropagandaWWII
Seminar History and Memory in American Literature and Culture Propaganda and American WWII Films #PropagandaWWII
They were a mass phenomena at that
time. The one who could control them,
could also manage the audience’s will.
@menasergio 3
Seminar History and Memory in American Literature and Culture Propaganda and American WWII Films #PropagandaWWII
Seminar History and Memory in American Literature and Culture Propaganda and American WWII Films #PropagandaWWII
Controlled film policy. It produced educational documents to teach
some customs adapted to the needs of war and to convince that the
war was necessary. Its goals were to coordinate the release of war
news for domestic use using posters and radio broadcasters, to
promote patriotism, to warn on foreign spies and to try to recruit
women for rearward works and men for the front, specially
afroamericans.
@menasergio 4
Seminar History and Memory in American Literature and Culture Propaganda and American WWII Films #PropagandaWWII
Seminar History and Memory in American Literature and Culture Propaganda and American WWII Films #PropagandaWWII
Features
1. To launch patriotic messages inside USA
2. To involve afroamerican population in war
3. To show the enemy like an animal
4. To rise moral up so at battlefield like at home
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Seminar History and Memory in American Literature and Culture Propaganda and American WWII Films #PropagandaWWII
How
-‐ Creating own documentaries
-‐ Encouraging Hollywood to film movies on that topic
-‐ Censoring major's productions
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Seminar History and Memory in American Literature and Culture Propaganda and American WWII Films #PropagandaWWII
Rules
-‐ Psychological Strategy Board
-‐ Government Information Manual for the Motion Picture
Industry
-‐ Militant Liberty Program
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Seminar History and Memory in American Literature and Culture Propaganda and American WWII Films #PropagandaWWII
To control everything
Celebrities were used as a
linked image between
Armed Forces and society
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Seminar History and Memory in American Literature and Culture Propaganda and American WWII Films #PropagandaWWII
To control everything
Posters were used as a
mean of popular war
measures teaching
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Seminar History and Memory in American Literature and Culture Propaganda and American WWII Films #PropagandaWWII
To control everything
Advices paid attention
to spies over USA
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Seminar History and Memory in American Literature and Culture Propaganda and American WWII Films #PropagandaWWII
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“The World at War” (1942)
Seminar History and Memory in American Literature and Culture Propaganda and American WWII Films #PropagandaWWII
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“With The Marines at Tarawa” (1944)
Seminar History and Memory in American Literature and Culture Propaganda and American WWII Films #PropagandaWWII
@menasergio 13
Don't Kill your Friends (1943)
Seminar History and Memory in American Literature and Culture Propaganda and American WWII Films #PropagandaWWII
There were others United States Army Special Service Division (USASSD)
United States Army Signal Corps (USASC)
War Activities Committee of the Motion Pictures Industry
(WACMPI)
United States Department of War (USDW)
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Seminar History and Memory in American Literature and Culture Propaganda and American WWII Films #PropagandaWWII
Hollywood Goes Into War
Its already global market was in danger
Jewish businessmen controlled entertainment
industry
American pride was wounded in Pearl Harbor
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Seminar History and Memory in American Literature and Culture Propaganda and American WWII Films #PropagandaWWII
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“This is the Army” (Michael Curtiz, 1943)
Seminar History and Memory in American Literature and Culture Propaganda and American WWII Films #PropagandaWWII
@menasergio 17
“Submarine Alert” (Frank McDonald, 1943)
Seminar History and Memory in American Literature and Culture Propaganda and American WWII Films #PropagandaWWII
@menasergio 18
“Why We Fight” (Frank Capra, 1942)
Seminar History and Memory in American Literature and Culture Propaganda and American WWII Films #PropagandaWWII
Features
The Hero
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The Villain
Values
Dangers
Seminar History and Memory in American Literature and Culture Propaganda and American WWII Films #PropagandaWWII
List of Masterpieces
The Battle of Midway (John Ford, 1942)
Bombardier (Richard Wallace, 1943)
Bataan (Tay Garnett, 1943)
Behind the Rising Sun (Edward Dmytryk, 1943)
So Proudly We Hail! (Mark Sandrich, 1943)
Guadalcanal Diary (Lewis Seiler, 1943)
Cry 'Havoc' (Richard Thorpe, 1943)
Destination Tokyo (Delmer Daves, 1943)
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Seminar History and Memory in American Literature and Culture Propaganda and American WWII Films #PropagandaWWII
War Ends. War Begins OWI was closed in 1945 but Cold War begins against
Communism
WWII becomes a pattern where to praise old heroic
deeds to face new challenges
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Seminar History and Memory in American Literature and Culture Propaganda and American WWII Films #PropagandaWWII
List of Masterpieces
The Best Years of Our Lives (1946)
From here to eternity (1953)
The Guns of Navarone (1961)
The Longest Day (1962)
The Great Escape (1963)
The Heroes of Telemark (1965)
The Dirty Dozen (1967)
Tora! Tora! Tora! (1970)
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Seminar History and Memory in American Literature and Culture Propaganda and American WWII Films #PropagandaWWII
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“From Here To Eternity” (Fred Zinnemann, 1953)
Seminar History and Memory in American Literature and Culture Propaganda and American WWII Films #PropagandaWWII
Vietnam War is a hard milestone.
Public Opinion vows against War
Hollywood changes its vision
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Seminar History and Memory in American Literature and Culture Propaganda and American WWII Films #PropagandaWWII
Seminar History and Memory in American Literature and Culture Propaganda and American WWII Films #PropagandaWWII
@menasergio 25
Seminar History and Memory in American Literature and Culture Propaganda and American WWII Films #PropagandaWWII
Conclusions 1. Films were used as a Propaganda weapon during the war
2. Once it finished, another sutil war began where Films about
WWII also contained indirectly Propaganda with new
purposes
3. As XX Century went by, Films about WWII changed its point
of view
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