Project SSWIM (Solar Salt Works Integrated Management ... Coelho Ricardo... · The SSWIM project...
Transcript of Project SSWIM (Solar Salt Works Integrated Management ... Coelho Ricardo... · The SSWIM project...
Project SSWIM (Solar Salt Works Integrated Management)
Solar salt works implementation in Ribeira de Aljezur, Portugal – Part 1An alternative solution for land rehabilitation
The Economic Value Of Biodiversity In Solar Salt Works, June, 2014
SSWIM
Project SSWIM
The SSWIM project aimed to ensureimproved governance for solar salt workssustainable development.
It should set the bases for a new production paradigm through marine salt production optimization, a relationship between integrated activities with bio-, environmental and market models.
It should provide an ecosystem services evaluation and explore the role of such evaluation. Consequently it should contribute to coastal and natural environmental protection, and heritage maintenance.
Resume and Project Background
In the middle of the 20th century, the marine salt production from solar salt works in Portugal and in almost Europe suffered a decline due to:(i) high production costs in comparison
with other salt productions styles, (ii) global competition with an increased
market liberalization scenario, (iii) land pressures in a tourism driven
demographic change context, (iv) lack of technological innovation, (v) the appearance and development of
semi-intensive and intensive aquaculture in the same areas,
(vi) changes in hydrological regimes, (vii) the lack of the idea of environmental
integration.
Project objectives: (i) to describe exactly the specific case area; (ii) to develop policies at different levels; (iii) to consider solar salt works in the context
of ecosystem service evaluation (economic and non-economic) and to explore the role of such evaluation;
(iv) to describe species autochthonous with market value which can be produced in solar salt works as complementary activities;
(v) to quantify the production of these species through laboratory and field bio-essays;
(vi) to analyze the potential for experience tourism and ecotourism;
(vii)to elaborate models of marine salt production optimization;
(viii)to provide seasonal models of marine salt production and complementary activities.
Solar Salt Works Integrated Management
Geographical Location
Altimetry
History from the Area
Biodiversity
Ecosystems Services
Planning Policies
Marine Salt Production
Complementary Activities Risks
Subjects to have into account in the planning of the SSWIM in a specific solar salt works.
Ecosystem Services
Biodiversity Survey
Services Identification
Services Characterization
Services Quantification
Biodiversity Identification Biodiversity Quantification
Ecosystems Services and variants.
Inlet Dynamics
Solar Salt Works Risks
Water Quality Decrease
Flooding
Salinity Longitudinal Profile
Effective Evaporation Rates
River Discharges
Sediment TransportPrecipitation Rates
Evaporation Rates
Coastal Physiography
Tide High
Storm Surge
Ocean Waves
Physiography of Solar Salt Works
Solar Salt Works Risks Evaluation
Marine Salt Production
Precipitation Rates
Radiation
TemperatureEvaporation Rates Wind Direction
Wind SpeedHumidity in the Air
Effective Evaporation Rates
Marine Water Available
Salt Concentration
Biota
Physiography of Solar Salt Works
Biology of Solar Salt Works
Marine Salt Production
Reservoir Evaporators Crystallizers
Marine SaltCollected~ 35g*L-1
Sea Water for SystemSustainability
150g*L-1
Water Passing by Gravity or Mechanically and Controlled by Gates
V1 and Sa3 V2 and Sa2 V3 and Sa3
Ee1 Ee2 Ee3
Expected resultsi) development of policies to support marine salt producers, at local, regional and state levels;
ii) development of social history and the impact of solar salt works in the social development and in the landscape as a traditional and eco-friendly activity and heritage;
iii) development of the concept of ecosystem service in solar salt works in an economic and non-economic level;
iv) development of marine salt production optimization to increase marine salt production;
v) prediction and quantification of risks; vi) identification of the main integrated
activities; vii) elaboration of bio-models to calculate
biological mass production; ix) description of the potential of eco-tourism and tourism experience for a solar salt works itinerary.
Innovative aspects of the project
Solar salt works implementation in Ribeira de Aljezur, Portugal – Part 1An alternative solution for land rehabilitation
Part of the area is not natural due to the existence of ponds belonging to an old semi-intensive aquaculture, whose activity stopped in 2010.
Ribeira de Aljezur is located in Parque Natural do Sudoeste Alentejano e Costa Vicentina (PNSACV) in the Algarve southwest coast. It is a 33.7 km water channel and drains anarea of 182.9 km2
Belongs to NATURA 2000
It is not a real estuary, but a transition system that from an ecological point of view can be classified as a lagoon-estuarine environment
Methods: 1) Ponds area topographical lifting and mapping;
2) Solar salt ponds surface areas and volumes,
3) Estimate marine salt production3.1) Effective evaporation3.2) Estimate marine salt production mass
4) Solar salt works risks4.1) Tide characterization4.2) Extreme flooding height prediction
Results and Discussion: Ponds area topographical lifting and mapping
Actual Ponds 3D survey with Elevation (m) in Ribeira de Aljezur
CrystallizersArea
Second Evaporator Area
First EvaporatorArea
Reservoir
3D Designed Ponds to Ribeira de Aljezur Solar Salt Works
Estimate marine salt productionEffective evaporation
-200-150-100-50
050
100150200
Janu
ary
Febr
uary
Mar
ch
Apr
il
May
June
July
Aug
ust
Sept
embe
r
Oct
ober
Nov
embe
r
Dec
embe
r
Effe
ctiv
e Ev
apor
atio
n (m
m)
Months
200420052006200720082009201020112012
0 500 1000 1500 2000 2500 3000 3500
March
April
May
June
July
August
September
Total
Mon
ths
Estimated Production (tons)
Average MinimiumMaximum
Chart with the annual average, minimum and maximum estimated marine salt production (tons)
Chart with effective evaporation month average, maximum and minimum from February, 2004 till December, 2012 in Ribeirade Aljezur
Solar salt works risks
Tide Characterization
Nf = 0,099; Z0 = 2.12 m; MHWN = 2.758 m; HHWS = 3.584 m; MHWS = 3.452 m The tide is a semi-diurnal tide and it means that has a tidal regime with a 12h42min frequency, characterized by two high tides and two low tides in each period or tidal cycle.
Extreme Flooding Risk Height Prediction
HHWS = 3.584 m; HQf = 1.7485 m; Portuguese Coast ST = 1 m; Frh = 6.3325; BH > 6.3325 m
Coastal inlet closure
Another risk is the coastal inlet closure, what lead to salinity longitudinal profile changes and in the case of total closure, the marine tide doesn’t reach the solar salt ponds. Which consequently stop marine salt production. Thus the closure bar danger is minimal and temporary, leading then to a natural opening or artificial opening such Lagoa de Santo Andre, southwest Portugal
Conclusions:
It could be possible the rehabilitation of the old semi-aquaculture area in Ribeira de Aljezur through an implementation and development of solar salt works. 1) Present the project to the Aljezur Council, which in turn meets with the entities that regulate Ribeira de Aljezur area, including the SACVNP, REN, RAN, all controlled by Ministério da Agricultura, do Mar, do Ambiente e do Ordenamento do Território. The constraint about ecological classification is only surmountable by the argument that the area of the old semi-intensive aquaculture could be rehabilitated to an economical eco-friendly activity. 2) For investors the most importance comes with the marine salt production and risks analyses. Environmental and tide characteristics make the area a very good and controlled area to solar salt works implementation. 3) Through traditional methods it is possible achieves an average of 2427.349 tons per year of marine salt production what is a massive production for Portuguese artisanal production reality. 4) The most important risks described as flooding and coastal inlet closure have different perspectives of analyses. Flooding is a minimum risk that should be managed during the solar salt works barriers high projection, never less than 6.3325 m and coastal inlet closure is a minimum risk with practical solution through an inlet artificial opening.
With the approval steps described, the marine salt production quantification and the risks analyzes of this project could be a solution to Ribeira de Aljezur land rehabilitation.
Apart from the physicochemical process of marine salt production, through a vision of complementary and an extended attitude to the plurality of man's dimension, solar salt works are much more than marine salt production. Solar salt ponds can be used to inorganic and organic production, to be visited and fundamentally to research. The two most observable groups of organisms to be produced are Salicornia spp.; and Artemia spp., however there is no optimized systems to produce them. In the other hand the fact that solar salt works being eco-friendly activities could be use to attract tourism and diffuse products.
Regarding to research, solar salt works have a great potential. The relationship between time of crystallization and different types of marine salt, the production optimization through a higher wind effect over the water surface or different solar salt ponds structure constituent materials. It is interesting also to develop an economic and social study to show the impacts arising from the tradeoff between aquaculture and solar salt works. All of this research development can increase the transfer of scientific knowledge and traditional know-how as can provide other arguments to Portuguese solar salt works facing globalized markets.
Future
I Hope That You Enjoyed the Presentation
and
Thank You for Your Attention!
Ricardo [email protected]