Project Report AUTOMATIC JACK

5/27/2018 Project Report AUTOMATIC JACK

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AUTOMATIC BUILT-IN JACK

SYSTEM IN AUTOMOBILES

A PROJECT BY:

Pushkar Prateek (2K11/AE/54)

Rahul Goyal (2K11/AE/57)

Rohan Arora (2K11/AE/61)

Dept. of Mechanical EngineeringDelhi Technological University

December, 2013


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AUTOMATIC BUILT-IN JACK SYSTEM IN

AUTOMOBILES

A PROJECT REPORT

Submi tted by

ROHAN ARORA

PUSHKAR PRATEEK

RAHUL GOYAL

Under the guidance of

Mr. PARAS KUMAR

ASSISTANT PROFFESOR

MECHANICAL ENGINEERING DEPARTMENT

FOR THE FULFI LLM ENT OF THE 5THSEMESTER MINOR

PROJECT-I

OF AUTOMOBILE ENGINEERING

Bachelors of technologyIn

AUTOMOBILE ENGINEERING

Of

DELHI TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY

DELHI

December, 2013


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STUDENTS DECLARATION

We, Pushkar Prateek, Rahul Goyal, and Rohan Arora hereby certify that the work which

is being presented in the minor project-I entitled Automatic built-in jack system in

Automobiles is being submitted in the partial fulfillment of the requirements for the

degree of B.Tech (Automobile Engineering) at the Delhi Technological University is an

authentic record of our own work carried out under the supervision of Mr. Paras Kumar.

We have not submitted the matter embodied in this project for the award of any other

degree or diploma. Also, it has not been directly copied from any source without giving

its proper reference.

Pushkar Prateek Rahul Goyal Rohan Arora

2K11/AE/054 2K11/AE/057 2K11/AE/061


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CERTIFICATE BY SUPERVISOR

This is to certify that the work contained in this minor project-I entitled Automatic built-

in jack system in Automobiles by Pushkar Prateek, Rahul Goyal, and Rohan Arora is the

requirement for the partial fulfillment of the degree of B.Tech (Automobile Engineering)

at the Delhi Technological University. This work was completed under my direct

supervision and guidance. The students have done their work with utmost sincerity and

diligence.

The work embodied here has not been submitted for the award of any other

degree/diploma to the best of my knowledge.

Mr. Paras Kumar

Assistant Professor

Dept. of Mechanical Engineering

Delhi Technological University


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TABLE OF CONTENTS

SNo. TOPICS Pg. No.

i. Abstract 6

1. Introduction 7

1.1 General introduction 71.2 Current scenario1.3 Current mechanism of jack operation1.4 Pros and cons of existing mechanisms

7

10

13

2. Literature Review 14

2.1 Past Work Done 14

2.2 Research paper referred 16

3. 3.1 Our purpose and objectives

3.2 Basic principle used

3.3 Jack driving power mechanisms

3.4 Position of jacks

3.5 Controlling of jacks

Advantages and disadvantages of this system

18

19

20

21

23

24

Conclusion 25

References 26


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ABSTRACT

Idea of automatic inbuilt jack system in automobile (cars) is to provide a novel jackingsystem attached to the chassis of the automobile itself. This inbuilt jack can be actuated

from inside of the vehicle with the help of switches provided on the dash board.

An Automobile inbuilt hydraulic jackcan be easily operated by a single push button

provided on the dash board. The jack will be installed on both the sides of chassis

according to the weight distributions of the car. Similarly it will be installed on the other

side of the car. The jacks actuate separately for either side of car as per the breakdown

condition. The car gets lifted and load gets distributed on three point i.e., plunger or ram

of hydraulic cylinder and tires except which is being lifted.

At a time maximum of two jacks (either both front or rear) can be used to lift the

automobile in case of any breakdown or for reconditioning the same. This jack will be

very useful for all the senior citizens and especially for females (ladies) who find it

extremely difficult to operate the jack manually in any breakdown condition.

Keeping the practical simulation and fabrication in view, mainly mechanical or hydraulic

jack can be used. Pneumatic jack is being ruled out due to compressive nature of gases,

hence less power would develop and complex design of the system. Hydraulic jack looks

promising as incompressible fluid will comparatively provide more power. Increase in

weightof the vehicle, designof the jack and last but not the least cost increaseneeds

optimization.

The motive behind using hydraulic system instead of a pneumatic system is the more

power produced by the system and simple in design as compared to a pneumatic design.

As the hydraulic oil is incompressible so the lifting capacity is more in comparison with

the pneumatic system which operates on air which is compressible.


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1. INTRODUCTION

1.1 GENERAL INTRODUCTION

Our survey in the regard in several users of vehicles, revealed the facts that mostly some

difficult methods were adopted in lifting the vehicles for reconditioning. Now the project

is mainly concentrated on this difficulty, such that the vehicle can be lifted from the floor

land without application of any impact force. The motorized screw jack has been

developed to cater to the needs of small and medium automobile garages, which are

normally man powered with minimum skilled labor. In most of the garages the vehicles

are lifted by using screw jack. This needs high man power and skilled labour. In order to

avoid all such disadvantages, the built-in jack should be designed in such a way that it

can be used to lift the vehicle very smoothly without any impact force. The operation is

made simple so that even unskilled labour can use it with ease. As automobile market is

growing, advance concepts are being implemented to make automobiles more and more

versatile and comfortable. Many concepts are implemented day to day to make

automobile better and better these days. One such concept is of variable height

adjustment in vehicle by adjusting its ground clearance. In this way the vehicle becomes

more versatile and can be operated over variety of bad as well as good road conditions.

1.2 CURRENT SCENARIO:

WHAT IS A JACK(13)

?

A mechanical jack is a device which lifts heavy equipment and vehicles so that

maintenance can be carried out underneath. Car jacks usually use mechanical advantageto allow a human to lift a vehicle by manual force alone. More powerful jacks use

hydraulic power to provide more lift over greater distances. Mechanical jacks are usually

rated for maximum lifting capacity.

Automotive jacks are classified as:


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1. Hydraulic jacks:A. Bottle shape (11):

B. Floor jack :

AutomotiveJacks

Hydraulic

Bottle ShapeTrolley(Floor

Jack)

Screw Type

Scissor jack Bumper Jack


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2. Screw TypeA. Scissor jack :

B. Bumper jack (10):


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1.3 CURRENT MECHANISM OF JACK OPERATION

Hydraulic jacks:

Hydraulic jacks are typically used for shop work, rather than as an emergencyjack to be carried with the vehicle.

In these jacks, by operating the handle, which is a lever (a simple machine), fluidis compressed and routed to an actuating cylinder. This results in lift.

Hydraulic jacks are often used to lift elevators in low and medium rise buildings.

WORKING:

A hydraulic jack uses a fluid, which is incompressible, that is forced into a cylinder

by a pump plunger. Oil is used since it is self-lubricating and stable. When the

plunger pulls back, it draws oil out of the reservoir through a suction check valve

into the pump chamber. When the plunger moves forward, it pushes the oil through

a discharge check valve into the cylinder. The suction valve ball is within the

chamber and opens with each draw of the plunger. The discharge valve ball is

outside the chamber and opens when the oil is pushed into the cylinder. At this

point the suction ball within the chamber is forced shut and oil pressure builds in

the cylinder.

TYPES OF HYDRAULIC JACKS

1. Floor Jacks: These jacks are primarily used to lift heavy equipment from the

surface of the floor. It is more often used to change the tyres of vehicles.

2. Hydraulic Bottle Jacks: Hydraulic bottle are versatile since they can be placed

in tight spots and provides good leverage. They have a longer handle as compared


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to rest of the hydraulic jacks and push up against a lever that gives a lift to the

main lift arm. With their use, it is possible to give a greater lift per stroke.

3. Long Ram Jacks: In simple terms, it is a hydraulic jack with a long size ram.

Its lever handle is quite easy to use. It is primarily used for performing various

types of repairing work.

4. Shop Press jacks: They are of great use in press jobs where there arises a need

to generate tremendous pressure with minimum effort.

SCREW JACKS:

Ajackscrewis a type ofjack which is operated by turning aleadscrew.In the form of

a screw jack it is commonly used to lift heavy weights such as the foundations of

houses, or large vehicles.

In the case of a screw jack, a small force applied in the horizontal plane is used toraise or lower large load.

A jackscrew's compressive force is obtained through the tension force applied byits lead screw.

Harsh environment applications such as steel mills, mining, oil & gas, andprimary metal smelting operations, here screw Jacks are preferred over

hydraulics. In these environments where hydraulic cylinders would simply not

survive the fluctuating temperatures.

A jackscrew's threads must support heavy loads. In the most heavy-dutyapplications, such as screw jacks, asquare threadorbuttress threadis used,

because it has the lowest friction. In other application such as actuators, anAcme

thread is used, although it has higher friction.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jack_(device)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leadscrewhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leadscrewhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leadscrewhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Square_thread_formhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Square_thread_formhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Square_thread_formhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Buttress_threadhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Buttress_threadhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Buttress_threadhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Acme_thread_formhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Acme_thread_formhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Acme_thread_formhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Acme_thread_formhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Acme_thread_formhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Buttress_threadhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Square_thread_formhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leadscrewhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jack_(device)


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TYPES OF SCREW JACKS

1.

Scissor jack: A scissor jack is a device constructed with a cross-hatchmechanism, much like a scissor, to lift up a vehicle for repair or storage. It

typically works in just a vertical manner. The jack opens and folds closed,

applying pressure to the bottom supports along the crossed pattern to move the

lift. When closed, they have a diamond shape. Scissor jacks are simple

mechanisms used to drive large loads short distances. The power screw design of

a common scissor jack reduces the amount of force required by the user to drive

the mechanism. Most scissor jacks are similar in design, consisting of four main

members driven by a power screw. A scissor jack is operated simply by turning a

small crank that is inserted into one end of the scissor jack. This crank is usually

"Z" shaped. The end fits into a ring hole mounted on the end of the screw, which

is the object of force on the scissor jack. When this crank is turned, the screw

turns, and this raises the jack. The screw acts like a gear mechanism. It has teeth

(the screw thread), which turn and move the two arms, producing work. Just by

turning this screw thread, the scissor jack can lift a vehicle that is several

thousand pounds.

2. Bumper jacks: They were used earlier and are not prevalent nowadays.


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1.4 PROS AND CONS OF BOTH MECHANISMS

Screw Jacks and Hydraulic Cylinders each offer their own unique advantages as lifting

and positioning devices

SCREW JACKS:

Over time, hydraulic cylinders can lose position or creep due to loss of pressureat the pump or through the cylinder seal. In some cases, a damaged hydraulic line

or hose can cause complete loss of position. This will not happen with Screw

Jacks since the primary lifting mechanism (acme thread) is inherently self-locking

i.e. the jack will not creep even when the drive motor is shut down.

Screw jacks are often preferred for their self-locking characteristics, ability towithstand harsh environments, minimal drive components, and high duty cycles.

Scissor jacks are handy because they are compact when they are in theircontracted position.

Harsh environment applications such as steel mills, paper mills, mining, oil & gas,and primary metal smelting operations are the areas where Screw Jacks are

preferred over hydraulics. Jacks commonly operate for many years in these

environments where hydraulic cylinders would simplynot survive the fluctuating

temperatures and gritty conditions without frequent breakdown.

Additional benefits of screw jacks include minimal drive components and setupsimplicity. Where hydraulics require a pumping device, oil reservoir, and oil

lines, Joyce Screw Jacks can be directly connected to a drive motor and a simple

on/off control device.

HYDRAULIC JACK:


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These jacks are sturdier than the scissor jacks and can lift heavier loads. Over time, hydraulic cylinders can lose position or creep due to loss of pressure

at the pump or through the cylinder seal.

2. LITERATURE SURVEY

2.1 PAST WORK DONE

EARLIEST JACK DEVELOPMENT:

There is evidence of the use of screws in the Ancient Roman world but it wasLeonardo da Vinci, in the late 1400s, who first demonstrated the use of a screw

jack for lifting loads.

HIS DESIGN:

Leonardo design used a threaded worm gear, supported on bearings, that is rotatedby the turning of a worm shaft to drive a lifting screw to move the load - instantly

recognizable as the principle we use today.

FURTHER IMPROVEMENTS:

Screw type mechanical jacks were very common for jeeps and trucks of World War

II vintage. For example, the World War II jeeps were issued the "Jack, Automobile,

Screw type, Capacity 1 and 1/2 ton".

With the industrial revolution of the late 18th and 19th centuries came the first use

of screws in machine tools, via English inventors such as John Wilkinson and

Henry Maudsley. During the early 1880s in Coaticook, a small town near Quebec, a

24-year- old inventor named Frank Henry Sleeper designed a lifting jack. Like da

Vincis jack, it was a technological innovation because it was based on the

principle of the ball bearing for supporting a load and transferred rotary motion,

through gearing and a screw, into linear motion for moving the load. The device

was efficient, reliable and easy to operate. It was used in the construction of

bridges, but mostly by the railroad industry, where it was able to lift locomotives


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and railway cars. The idea was based on the familiar lever and fulcrum principle

and he needed someone to manufacture it

There was clearly potential for using this technology for other applications andonly 10 years later, in 1940, the first worm gear screw jack, that is instantly

recognizable today, was offered by Duff-Norton, for adjusting the heights of truck

loading platforms and mill tables.

Since then the product has evolved to push, pull, lift, lower and position loads ofanything from a few kilos to hundreds of tonnes. One of the biggest single screw

jacks made to date is a special Power Jacks E-Series unit that is rated for 350

tonnes even in earthquake conditions for the nuclear industry.


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2.2 RESEARCH PAPERS REFERRED

1. Integrated Automated Jacks for 4-wheelers(8)

P.S. Rana, P.H. Belge1, N.A. Nagrare1, C.A. Padwad1, P.R. Daga1, K.B.

Deshbhratar1

ABSTRACT

An Automobile hydraulic jack can be easily operated by a single push button provided

on the dash board. The jack will be installed on both the sides of chassis according to

the weight distributions of the car. Similarly it will be installed on the other side of the

car. The system operates on hydraulic drive which consists of three main parts:

Hydraulic pump, driven by an electric motor, hydraulic cylinder to lift the vehicle. The

hydraulic jacks actuate separately for either side of car as per the breakdowncondition. The car gets lifted and load gets distributed on three point i.e., plunger or

ram of hydraulic cylinder and two tires opposite to side which is lifted. This jack will

be very useful for all the senior citizens and especially for females (ladies) who find it

extremely difficult to operate the jack manually in any breakdown condition. The

motive behind using hydraulic system instead of a pneumatic system is the more

power produced by the system and simple in design as compared to a pneumatic

design. As the hydraulic oil is incompressible so the lifting capacity is more in

comparison with the pneumatic system which operates on air which is compressible.

2. ANALYSIS OF AUTO CAR JACK(7)


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M.M. Noor1, K. Kadirgama1 and M.M. Rahman1

ABSTRACT

Side road emergency is always a common headache especially during the tire

punctured. This paper discussed the development of the car jack for emergency usage

with using internal cigarette lighter power (12volts). The automatic easy car-jack

utilized this power source to save individuals internal energy. Gear ratio was used to

increase the lifting power. The car jack was developed utilizing the Solidworks and

analysed using Finite Element Analysis to check safety factor and force acting. The

car jack tested on real car and it proven it can be used commercially

3.Inbuilt Hydraulic Jack in Automobile Vehicles (9)ABSTRACT:

An inbuilt hydraulic jack system is attached to automobile vehicle on front and rear

part of the chassis. An automobile hydraulic jack system can be easily attached to all

currently manufacture automobile chassis and frames.

There is a front suspension hydraulic jack that is mounted centrally to the front

suspension of an automobile between its front wheels. There is also a rear suspension

hydraulic jack that is mounted centrally to the rear suspension of the automobile

between its rear wheels. The system operates from a compressed fluid reservoir tank

that has connections for the front and rear car jack outlets. Additional outlets can be

added to the compressed fluid reservoir tank for connecting a hydraulic lug wrench

and another for a tire inflating hose.

The Major Project entitled Inbuilt hydraulic jack in automobile vehicle Worked onthe principal of hydraulic power and operated by 12 Volt DC current, solves the all

major problem of maintenance of all automobiles specially the heavy vehicles like

truck and bus.

This work, if implemented, would definitely help in the maintenance of automobiles

and also in saving of time.


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3.1 OUR PURPOSE AND OBJECTIVES

To provide a safe and simple automatic jack system without use of manualeffort.

To provide an alternative jack system that can operate without external sourcesof actuation, such as extra hydraulic pumps, reservoirs, or pneumatic systems.

To provide a novel jack system that can be operated from within the vehicle bymeans of a dashboard control panel.

To provide a novel jack system that is directly and permanently incorporated intothe vehicle frame in such a way as to prevent the additional risk of damage or

weathering.

Limitations of the current floor jack:

Current floor jacks Manually mounted on the vehicle frame, andnecessitate an external hydraulic pump or pneumatic system or mechanical

force.

They cant be used by old people or the increasing number of lady drivers.

Problem to be solved:

Make the floor jack convenient and efficient to use from within the automobile.

Also at the same time the jack system assembly should be feasible and

economically practical and the weight of the vehicle also should be not be largely

increased.


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Solution to be investigated:

Development an automatic built-in jack

3.2 FUNDAMENTAL CONCEPT

PASCALs LAW(12)

:

His law states that pressure in a confined fluid is trans-mitted undiminished in every

direction and acts with equal force on equal areas and at right angle to a container's

walls as shown in fig below:


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3.3 What We Propose:

Power can be derived in the following ways for the movement of the jack:

Power can be taken from the running engine on neutral gear. Power can be taken directly from the battery.


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Jack can be raised with the help by a hybrid mechanism which uses electricenergy from the battery and drives the motor to operate a hydraulic jack.

One of the above options can be chosen according to their efficiency and cost

effectiveness.

We are currently trying to take the power by last method which is by a hybrid mechanismwhich uses electric energy from the battery and drives the motor to operate a hydraulic

jack

3.4 POSITION OF JACKS IN VEHICLES


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Bottom view of the automatic jack system illustrating the position of four jacks in the

retracted position in a car marked with 4.

Lateral view of the vehicle illustrating the relative position of two jacks in the lowered

position, car.

Bottom view of the automatic jack illustrating the position of four jacks in the retracted

position, in a truck or a SUV vehicle marked with 4.


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Lateral view of the vehicle illustrating the relative position of two jacks in the lowered

position, truck.

1. WHEELS OF VEHICLE

2. GEARBOX

3. ENGINE

4. POSITION OF JACKS

5. REAR AXLE

3.5 CONTROLLING THE MOVEMENT OF JACKS

Schematic top view of the control panel in automobile illustrating the layout of the

control switches.


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This way we can provide electrical switches in the instrument panel inside the car which

will provide enhanced convenience of the operation of jacks for the passengers.

ADVANTAGES OF THIS SYSTEM

The maintenance of vehicle will be very easy and cheap. This type of system is very useful for ladies and old people since during the

problem of puncher of tyres, they can easily change the wheel.

Time saving of maintenance This is also very useful for heavy vehicles such as trucks and buses, since there is

a common problem of breaking leaf spring plates


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A single person can go on a long drive without worrying about getting stuck inthe way.

DISADVANTAGES OF THIS SYSTEM

Cost will increase slightly. Weight of vehicle will increase slightly.

CONCLUSION

Automatic inbuilt jacking system in automobiles will not only save the effort of a person

but will also save ones precious time under critical circumstances.

This concept will eliminate the need of carrying a conventional mechanical scissor jack

while travelling. It is a very feasible concept and if worked over cautiously, will become

popular very soon.


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Motor operated mechanical jacks are already in the market but the jacks design is the

area of concern. In order to make built-in jack system practical, jacks shape and type

need modification.

Mechanical jacks are pretty easily operated but their effectiveness and maintenance may

become an issue as they will be move with chassis, constantly underneath hence, chances

of rusting and damage is high.

Hydraulic jacks look convenient to use and can also prove quite effective and easy to

maintain (as completely closed) in long run, they will provide more power too but there

are also some challenges like keeping low production cost and designing of jack which

can be carried with the chassis given, common ground clearance level of an automobile,

and keeping in check the increase in weight of automobile.

After successful implementation of the above idea in small passenger cars, futuredevelopments can be made in design to apply the same in heavy duty automobiles also.

REFERENCES

1. Mueller, Pamela, and Thomas L. Mueller. "Built In-Power Jack." U.S. PatentNumber 4,993,688, 1991 [2].

2. William Cox (July 2001), "Light Talk on Heavy Jacks", Old-House Journal.3. Parr, Andrew.Hydraulics and Pneumatics: A Technician's and Engineer's

Guide.1st Edition. Oxford: Butterworth-Heinemann, 1999. Print.


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4. Mosely, David J. "Vehicle Mounted Hydraulic Jack System." U.S. PatentNumber 5,377,957,1995.

5. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jack_(device).6. Built-in power jack, US 4993688 A Thomas L. Mueller, Pamela A. Mueller.7. Noor,M.M., Kadirgama K., Rahman,M.M .,ANALYSIS OF AUTO CAR

JACK,2010.

8. Rana P.S., Belge P.H., Nagrare N.A., Padwad C.A., Daga P.R.,Deshbhratar K.B. Mandavgade N.K. Integrated Automated Jacks for 4-

wheelers,2012.

9. Abuzaid Mohammed, Hasnain Mohammad, Alam Shabaj, Khan Sohail,Agarwal Surendra , Inbuilt Hydraulic Jack in Automobile Vehicles,Vol.2 ,

2013.

10.http://www.northerntool.com/shop/tools/product_200318919_20031891911.http://www.deltahoist.com/catalog/product/1512.http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pascal's_law13.http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jack_(device)14.http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=E0RZhi52zu4
http://www.northerntool.com/shop/tools/product_200318919_200318919http://www.northerntool.com/shop/tools/product_200318919_200318919http://www.northerntool.com/shop/tools/product_200318919_200318919http://www.deltahoist.com/catalog/product/15http://www.deltahoist.com/catalog/product/15http://www.deltahoist.com/catalog/product/15http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pascal's_lawhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pascal's_lawhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pascal's_lawhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jack_(device)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jack_(device)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jack_(device)http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=E0RZhi52zu4http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=E0RZhi52zu4http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=E0RZhi52zu4http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=E0RZhi52zu4http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jack_(device)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pascal's_lawhttp://www.deltahoist.com/catalog/product/15http://www.northerntool.com/shop/tools/product_200318919_200318919

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