Project Pournima

1-1 izLRkkouk

“If Wealth is lost

Something is lost

But if Health is lost

Everything is lost”

vkjksX; gh lq[kh thoukph xq#fdYyh vkgs-

vkjksX; laiknu dj.ks gk izR;sd ek.kklkpk

eqyHkwr gDd vkgs- gh xks”V la;qDr

jk”Vªla?k vkf.k tkxfrd vkjksX; la?kVuk ¼½

;k nksgksauh ekU; dsyh vkgs- vkjksX; gk

lq[kh thoukpk ik;k vkgs- izR;sd O;Drhyk

Lor%P;k fodklklkBh lqn`< o fudksi eukph

xjt vlrs- vxnh izkphu dkGkiklwu ekuokyk

lqn`< o fudksi ‘kjhjkps egRo dGys vkgs-

vki.k ,d lqfopkj usgeh okprk

^^Health is Wealth**

Eg.ktsp ‘kjhjlaiRrh ghp [kjh /kulaiRrh

vkgs- eu LoLFk vlys dh vkiys fopkj pkaxys

gksrkr fopkj pkaxys vlys dh] vkiY;k gkrwu

pkaxys dk;Z ?kMrkr- i;kZ;kus lekIr ?kMrks

o R;krwu ns’kkpk fodkl gksrks- R;keqGs

1

‘kjhj laiRrh gh Qkj egRokph vkgs-

R;keqGsp yksdekU; fVGdkauh f’k{k.k

Fkkacowu o”kZHkj ‘kjhjlk/kuk dsyh o

R;krqup R;kauh baxztka’kh y<.;kps lkeF;Z

izkIr dsys-

vkjksX; gk izR;sd O;Drhpk tUefl/n gDd

vkgs] i.k R;kpcjkscj R;kyk drZO;kph nqljh

cktw vkgs gs vkjksX; laiknu dj.;klkBh

O;Drhyk o lektkyk tkx#d jkg.ks vko’;d

vkgs ;kph tk.kho vkjksX; f’k{k.kkrqu d#u

ns.;kpk gk iz;Ru vkgs- T;k ifjljkr O;Drh

jkgrs R;k ifjljkoj frps LokLFk voyacwu vlrs

o O;DrhP;k LokLFkkP;k ntkZoj lektkps

LokLFk voyacqu vlrs

vkjksX;

vkjksX; Eg.kts dsoG jksx fdaok

v’kDrrk ;kapk vHkko uOgs rj laiw.kZ

‘kkfjfjd] ekufld o lkekftd lqfLFkrh gks;-

vkjksX; gh ek.klkph LokHkkfod fLFkrh

vkgs- vkiY;k eukr vkjksX; Eg.kts dsoG

2

jksxkiklqu eqDrrk vlkp vFkZ gksrks i.k ;k

vkjksX;kps ‘kjhjk cjkscj fujksxh jkg.ks gk

ek.klkpk tUefl/n gDd vkgs o uSlfxZdfjR;k

fujksxh jkg.;klkBh Lor%P;k ifjljkojgh

voyacwu jgkos ykxrs- ‘kq/n gok] ik.kh]

Hkjiwj lq;Zizdk’k] LoPNrk Eg.ktsp vkjksX;

gs ‘kjhj o ifjlj ;k ?kVdkaoj voyacqu vkgs-

rlsp vkjksX;koj ifj.kke dj.kkjk ?kVd Eg.kts

eu ‘kq/n vl.ks R;kps vfLrRo ;ksX; vl.ks

egRokps vlrs-

ojhy loZ xks”Vhapk fopkj dsyk vlrk

vkjksX; gh lrr pky.kkjh izfØ;k vkgs o rh

pkaxyh jkg.ks vko’;d vkgs- ijarq l|kP;k

txkr gh ,d eksBh leL;k tk.kors-

vktps tx gs ^Hurry, worry, curry” ps tx

vkgs vkt izR;sdkl fparsus xzklysys vkgs-

vktP;k Li/ksZP;k ;qxkr fVdqu jkg.;kph

fpark lokZauk okVrs R;keqGs R;kauk ;ksX;

vkgkj ?ks.;klgh osG feGr ukgh-

Eg.kwu v’khp vkjksX;fo”k;d leL;k vacjukFk

;sFkhy Kkuke`r fo|ky; ;sFkhy b-5oh

3

¼o;ksxV 11&12½ fo|kF;kZae/;s tk.koyh

Eg.kwu R;koj ;ksX; miØe jkcowu

R;kaP;ke/;s vl.kkÚ;k tk.khokpk ‘kks/k ?

ksÅu R;kaP;ke/khy leL;k nwj dj.ks gk ;k

d`rh la’kks/kuke/khy la’kksf/kdspk eq[;

gsrq vkgs-

LFkwy leL;k

fo|kF;kZauk vkjksX;fo”k;d vl.kkÚ;k

tk.khokapk vH;kl o mik;;kstuk dj.ks

fuf’pr leL;k

vacjukFk ;sFkhy Kkuke`r fo|ky; ;sFkhy b-

5ohP;k 11&12 o;ksxVkrhy fo|kF;kZuk

vkjksX;fo”k;d vl.kkÚ;k tk.khokapk vH;kl o

mik;;kstuk dj.ks

4

la’kks/kukph xjt

1- fo|kF;kZaps ‘kkfjfjd vkjksX;] R;kpk ifjlj]

‘kkGk] eu ;kaP;k ekfgrhlkBh

la’kks/kukph xjt vkgs

2- fo|kF;kZauk LykbZMn~okjs

vkjksX;fo”k;d ekfgrh ns.ks xjtsps vkgs

3- fo|kF;kZauk ifjlj vH;klkrwu ‘kkfjfjd

vkjksX; fc?kkMkph dkj.ks letkowu

ns.;klkBh la’kks/kukph xjt vkgs

la’kks/ku leL;k

^^Kkuke`r fo|ky;krhy o;ksxV 11 & 12 b-

5oh ;k oxkZrhy fo|kF;kZaP;k vkjksX;fo”k;d

tk.khokapk vH;kl o mik;;kstuk dj.ks

la'kks/kukph mfn~n”V;s

1- vacjukFk ;sFkhy Kkuke`r fo|ky;

vacjukFk ‘kgjkrhy vuqnkfur vlysyh ,d

‘kkGk

2- fo|kF;kZe/khy o;ksxV 11&12 b-5ohps

fo|kF;kZaph vkjksX;fo”k;d leL;k

vH;kl.ks

3- fo|kF;kZe/;s u[ks eksBs vl.ks] dsl

ok<o.ks] diMs vLoPN vl.ks] eu fopfyr

5

vl.ks] jkst vka?kksG u dj.ks v’kk fofo/k

izdkjP;k vl.kkÚ;k vkjksX; fo”k;d tkf.kok

4- vkjksX;fo”k;d tk.kho ul.kkÚ;k fo|

kF;kZapk ‘kks/k ?ks.ks o R;k leL;k

ekxP;k dkj.kkapk ‘kks/k ?ks.ks

5- b-5ohP;k fo|kF;kZaP;k ckckrhr

jkcoysY;k miØekph ifj.kkedkjdrk

vH;kl.ks

dk;kZRed O;k[;k

vacjukFk ‘kgjkrhy Kkuke`r fo|ky; gh ‘kkGk

b-5oh ¼o;ksxV 10&12 fo|kFkhZ½ fo|

kF;kZaps u[ks eksBs vl.ks] dsl ok<fo.ks]

diMs vLoPN vl.ks] eu fopfyr vl.ks] jkst

vka?kksG u dj.ks v’kk fofo/k izdkjP;k

vl.kkÚ;k vkjksX;fo”k;d tk.kho

ifjdYiuk

1- ‘kkfjfjd LoPNrslanHkkZr fo|kF;kZauk

ekxZn’kZu dsY;kl R;kap;k vkjksX;kr

lq/kkj.kk ?kMwu ;sbZy

6

2- vkjksX; rKkaps ekxZn’kZu R;kauk

fnY;kl fo|kFkhZ o ikyd ;kauk

vkjksX;fo”k;d tk.kho gksbZy

3- fo|kF;kZauk ikSf”Vd vkgkjklanHkkZr

ekxZn’kzu dsY;kl fo|kFkhZ o

ikyd ;kaP;kr vkjksX;fo”k;d tk.kho

gksbZy

/kuifjdYiuk

lnj leL;slkBh la’kksf/kdkaus /kuifjdYiuk

fopkjkr ?ksrY;k vkgsr

ekfgrh ladyu lk/kus

izLrqr la’kks/kuklkBh la’kksf/kdsus

eqyk[kr o fufj{k.k ra= ;k lk/kukapk okij

dsysyk vkgs- izLrqr la’kks/kuklkBh

izk;ksfxd i/nrhpk okij dsyk vkgs-

7

U;kn’kZ

lnj la’kks/kuklkBh la’kksf/kdsus lgsrwd

U;kn’kZ fuoM.;kr vkyk vkgs-

O;kIrh o e;kZnk

lnj la’kks/kuklkBh O;kIrh gh {ks=klkBh o

o;ksxV e;kZnk vkgs-

1- HkkSxksfyd e;kZnk

lnj la’kks/ku vacjukFk ‘kgjkrhy

Kkuke`r fo|ky; ‘kkGsiqjrs e;kZfnr

vkgs

2- o;ksxV e;kZnk

lnj la’kks/ku 11&12 g;k

o;ksxVkaP;k fo|kF;kZaiqjrsp

e;kZfnr vkgs

3- dkyko/kh

izLrqr la’kks/ku 2010&2011 i;Zar

e;kZfnr vkgs- g;k o”kkZrhy lgk

8

efgU;krhy 20 fnol izR;{k miØe

jkcfo.;kr vkyk-

la’kks/ku i/nrh

la’kks/ku i/nrhe/;s losZ{k.k i/nrh o

izk;ksfxd g;k nksu i/nrh vkgsr- R;kiSdh g;k

leL;slkBh la’kksf/kdsus g;k leL;slkBh

izk;ksfxd la’kks/ku i/nrh fuoMysyh vkgs

izk;ksfxd i/nrhph xq.koSf’k”V;s

iq<hyizek.ks

1-;k i/nrhP;k la’kks/kuklkBh fu;fer xVkph

fØ;k o rqyuk dj.ks vko’;drk vlrs-

2-nksUgh xVkrhy fdaok nksu mipkjkrhy

dk;Zdkj.k laca/k laca/khps fu/khdj.k djrk

;srs

3-izfrn’khZph fuoM ;kn`fPNd i/nrhus dys

tkrs

4-la’kks/kdkl Lok/khu pykph gkrkG.kh

dj.ks ‘kD; vkgs

5-fu;a=.k gs izk;ksfxd i/nrhps oSf’k”V;s

vkgs

9

izk;ksfxd i/nrhps Qk;ns@egRo

1- izk;ksfxd i/nrhr dk;Z ‘kkL=’kq/nfjR;k

dsys tkrs-

2- izk;ksfxd i/nr gh ‘kkfL=; i/nr vkgs

3- ‘kkL=’kqn~/kfjR;k dk;Z dsY;keqGs

la’kks/kukl loZ=] lkj[ksi.kk]

oLrqfu”Brk ;srs fu”d”kkZr vpqdrk

fnlwu ;srs

4- izk;ksfxd i/nrhpk iqoZxzgkyk Fkkjk

ukgh

5- ifjdYiukaph ;ksX; rikl.kh dsyh tkrs-

6- leL;spk l[kksy vH;kl dsyk tkrks-

7- fu”d”kZ iMrkGrk ;srkr

8- la[;k’kkL=h; i/nrhus fo’ys”k.k dsys tkrs

10

izk;ksfxd i/nrhps rksVs

1-ckg; pykoj izR;sdh osGh fu;=a.k

Bsork ;s.ks ‘kD; ukgh

2-T;k O;Drhoj iz;ksx dsyk tkrks R;kph

ekufldrk ulsy rj ifj.kke gks.kkj ukgh-

iz;ksx ;’kLoh gks.kkj ukgh

3-uSlfxZd okrkoj.kkpk yksi >kysyk

fnlwu ;srks

4- izk;ksfxd xVkr vkfRe;rk ok<rs R;kpk

ifj.kke iz;ksxkoj o ifj.kkekoj gks.;kph

‘kD;rk vlrs-

5- iwoZ pkp.kheqGs iz;qDr tkx`r gksrks o

R;keqGs uSlfxZd izfrlknkis{kk d`f=e

izfrlkn feGw ‘kdrks

6- i{kikrhi.kk ;s.;kph laHkkouk

7- fu”d”kkZoj ifj.kke gksow ‘kdrks

8- izk;ksfxd i/nrhr iz;ksxklkBh ukxfjd]

lgdkjh] ikyd ;kapk lekos’k vl.ks egRokps

vlrs-

izk;ksfxd i/nrhP;k ik;Ú;k

11

1-leL;sph fuoM vkf.k e;kZnk

leL;k fuf’pr lqLi”V vkf.k lqcks/k ‘kCnkar

ekaMysysh vlkoh- leL;sps rkRiqjrs mRrj

Eg.kqu fLodkjysyh ifjdYiuk] Li”V vlkoh-

R;kr LokPN;h o vkJ;h py ;kaP;k

dk;kZRed O;k[;k fnysY;k vlkO;kr-

vH;klkps la’kks/kukps {ks= gs fuf’pr

vlkos

2-lacaf/kr lkfgR;kpk

vk<kok@losZ{k.k

iz;ksxk’kh lacaf/kr vlysY;k lkfgR;kpk

vk<kok ?ks.ks vko’;d vlrs- R;keqGs

tqU;k la/kksurhy fu”d”kZ letrkr-

izHkkoh ckg;pykph dYiuk ;srs-

la’kks/kudR;kZl iz;ksxkph #ijs”kk

Bjo.;kl enr gksrs

3-tula[;k Li”V dj.ks

12

iz;ksx djrkauk R;kps fu”d”kZ dk<kos

ykxrkr- fu”d”kkZP;k vk/kkjs tula[;k

fuoMhph izfØ;k lq# djkoh ykxrs

iqokZuqekuqlkj U;kn’kkZph fuf’prh

djkoh ykxrs- R;ko#u U;kn’kZ gk

tula[;sps izfrfuf/kd Lo#i vkgs dh ukgh

rs Li”V djkos ykxrs-

13

izdj.k nqljs

lacaf/kr ekfgrhpk vk<kok

2-1 v- la’kks/kuklkBh okijysY;k

lanHkZ iqLrdkapk vk<kok

1- ijhljkH;kl o Hkwxksy ¼f}rh; o”kZ

Mh-,M½ ys[kd & Lokrh xkMxhG

¼lqfopkj izdk’ku eaMG] iq.ks½

2-vkjksX; f’k{k.k ¼f}rh; o”kZ Mh-,M½

ys[kd & Lokrh xkMxhG ¼lqfopkj

izdk’ku] eaMG] iq.ks½

lacaf/kr la’kks/kukP;k vH;klkps

egRo o xjt

la’kks/kdkus vkiY;k la’kks/ku {ks=kph

vankts fuf’prh dsY;kuarj la’kks/ku

gkrh ?ksrY;kus la’kks/kdkl vusd

xks”Vkph iw.kZ r;kjh djkoh ykxrs-

R;kfo”k;k’kh lacaf/kr fu;rdkfyds] ekflds]

lanHkZ xzaFk ;kps voyksdu dj.ks vko’;d

vlrs- fdacgquk Lor%P;k fo”k;k’kh

fuxMhr vlysys lkfgR; feGfo.ks gh

14

la’kks/kukph ,d ik;jh vkgs vkiY;k

fo”k;kckcr ns’kkr fdaok ijns’kkr iqohZ

dks.kh la’kks/ku dsys vkgs] R;kpk ‘kks/k

?ks.ks vko’;d vlrs-

lacaf/kr la’kks/kukP;k vH;klkph

dkj.ks

1- iwohZ ;kfo”k;kr >kysys dke letrkr

2- lacaf/kr o izLrqr la’kks/kukrhy

fu”d”kkZph rqyuk djrk ;srs

3- izLrqr la’kks/kukph mn~fn”V;s

fuf’pr djrk ;srkr-

4- izLrqr la’kks/ku gs iqohZP;k

la’kks/kukph iqujko`Rrh rj

ukgh ;kph [kk=h djrk ;srs

5- lacaf/kr la’kks/kukrhy lqpfoysY;k

mipkjkapk iz;ksx izLrqr la’kks/kukr

djrk ;srks

lacaf/kr lkfgR;kP;k vH;klkeqGs

la’kks/kdkl Lor%P;k la’kks/ku

lanHkkZr leL;sP;k fo”k;kph fuoM]

O;k[;k o Li”Vhdj.k dj.;kph i/nrh

x`frdR;kph ekaM.kh] la’kks/ku i/nrh o

15

ra= fu”d”kkZps fuokZpu b-fo”k;h Li”V

dYiuk izkIr d#u ?ksrk ;srs-

c- lacaf/kr iqLrdkaP;k losZ{k.k o ekaM.kh

iqLrdkps

uko

ys[kd izdk'ku

o”kZ

okij d’kklkBh

dsyk

ijhljkH;kl o

Hkwxksy

¼f}rh; o”kZ

Mh-,M½

Lokrh

xkMxhG

lqfopkj

izdk’ku

eaMG] iq.ks

izLrkouk fyfg.;klkBh

;k iqLrdkpk

lanHkZ ?ksryk

vkgs-

vkjksX;

f’k{k.k f}rh;

o”kZ

Mh-,M

Lokrh

xkMxhG

lqfopkj

izdk’ku

eaMG] iq.ks

izLrkouk o la’kks/ku

iqLrdkapk lanHkZ

ijhljkH;kl b-

2jh

Jh- fodkl uouhr

ifCyds’ku

¼b½ fy-

miØe jkcfo.;klkBh

lanHkZ iqLrdkpk

okij dj.kkj vkgs

ijhljkH;kl b-

1yh

Jh- fodkl uouhr

ifCyds’ku

¼b½ fy-

vkjksX;fo”k;d

leL;slkBh iwoZ

pkp.kh ?ks.;klkBh

iqLrdkpk lanHkZ ?

ks.kkj vkgs-

vkjksX;f’k{k.

k f’k{kd gLr

iqfLrdk

egkjk"Vª jkT;]

f’k{k.k

eaMG] iq.ks

egkjk"Vª jkT;

f’k{k.k

eaMG] iq.ks

lnj la’kks/kukr egRo

xjt ;kfo”k;h ekfgrh

iqLrdkrwu ?ksryh

16

vkgs-

2-2 iwohZ >kysY;k la’kks/kukpk

vk<kok

izca/k 1

f’k”kZd % fHkoaMh rkyqD;krhy

vkoGh ;sFkhy ftYgk

ifj”knsrhy b-1yh e/khy fo|

kF;kZauk oS;fDrd

LoPNrsP;k leL;k

lksMfo.;klkBh miØekps

vk;kstu

la’kks/ku o”kZ % 2006&2007

ekxZn’kZd% izk-,l-,l-ikVhy lj3

la’kks/kukph mn~fn”V;s

1-b-1yhP;k fo|kF;kZauk oS;fDrd LoPNrsP;k

leL;akpk ‘kks/k ?ks.ks

2-b-1yhP;k fo|kF;kZauk oS;fDrd

LoPNrsckcr fuekZ.k gks.kkÚ;k leL;k

ekxP;k dkj.kkapk ‘kks/k ?ks.ks

17

3-b-1yhP;k fo|kF;kZaP;k oS;fDrd

LoPNrsfo”k;d leL;k nwj dj.;klkBh fofo/k

miØe jkco.ks

la’kks/ku i/nrh

izLrqr la’kks/kuklkBh izk;ksfxd i/nrh

okij.;kr vkyh vkgs

ekfgrh ladyukph lk/kus

lnj la’kks/kukr ekfgrh ladyuklkBh iz’ukoyh

o eqyk[kr ra= ;k ekfgrh ladyu lk/kukapk

okij dsyk vkgs

U;kn’kZu fuoM

la'kksf/kdsus izLrqr la’kks/kukr lgsrqd

U;kn’kZu i/nrhus U;kn’kZ fuoM.;kr ;sr

vkgs R;klkBh 1 f’k{kd o 15 fo|kFkhZ

fu”d”kZ

1- fo|kF;kZauk oS;fDrd LoPNrslkkBh fofo/k

‘kS{kf.kd lk/kus nk[kowu R;kauk

oS;fDrd LoPNrsps egRo iVys

2- fo|kFkhZ Lor%ph oS;fDrd LoPNrk Bsow

ykxys-

izca/k 2

18

f’k”kZd % okMk rkyqD;krhy

nso/kj ;sFkhy ftYgk

ifj”knsP;k ‘kkGsrhy b-

2jhrhy fo|kF;kZauk ifjlj

vH;klkn~okjs vkjksX; lsok

nsrkauk fuekZ.k gks.kkÚ;k

leL;k nwj gks.kkÚ;k

miØekps vk;kstu

la’kks/ku o”kZ % 2006&2007

ekxZn’kZd% izk-lkS-vpZuk

lksuko.ks rqaxkjs


1-fo|kF;kZauk vkjksX; lsok nsrkauk

fuekZ.k gks.kkÚ;k leL;kapk ‘kks/k ?ks.ks


fuekZ.k gks.kkÚ;k leL;k ekxP;k

dkj.kkapk ‘kks/k ?ks.ks


fuekZ.k gks.kkÚ;k leL;slkBh miØe

jkcfo.ks

la’kks/ku i/nrh

19


okij.;kr vkyh vkgs


lnj la’kks/kukr ekfgrh ladyuklkBh iz’ukoyh

o eqyk[kr ra= ;k ekfgrh ladyu lk/kukapk

okij dsyk vkgs

U;kn’kZu fuoM

iLrqr la’kks/kuklkBh lgsrqd U;kn’kZu

i/nrhus U;kn’kZ fuoM dsyh vkgs- R;klkBh

rK &1] f’k{kd &2] fo|kFkhZ &15

fu”d”kZ

1-fo|kF;kZauh vkjksX;dsanzkyk HksV

fnY;keqGs fo|kFkhZ jksX;kaph lsok

djrkr-

2-fo|kFkhZ Lor%P;k oxkZrhy ifjljkrhy

O;Drh vktkjh vlrhy R;kauk enr djrkr

Eg.kwu vkjksX;kph ekfgrh feGkY;kus fo|

kFkhZ vkjksX; lsok djrkr

20

izca/k 3

f’k”kZd % dY;k.k ‘kgjkrhy xkSjh

ikMk ;sFkhy

izkFkfed ‘kkGsrhy b-

3jhP;k fo|kF;kZe/;s oxZ

LoPNrsfo”k;h ;s.kkÚ;k

leL;k nwj dj.;klkBh

miØekps vk;kstu

la’kks/ku o”kZ % 2007&2008

la’kksf/kdk % eksukyh e/kqdj

lksuo.ks

ekxZn’kZd% izk-lqo.kkZ ikVhy

eWMe

21


1-b-3jhP;k fo|kF;kZaP;k

oxZLoPNrslkBh ;s.kkÚ;k leL;kapk

‘kks/k ?ks.ks

2-b-3jhP;k oxZLoPNrsckcr fuekZ.k

gks.kkÚ;k leL;k ekxP;k leL;k ekxP;k


3-b-3jhP;k fo|kF;kZaP;k oxZ LOkPNrsckcr

jkcfoysY;k miØekaph ifj.kkedkjdrk

vH;kl.ks

4-b-3jhP;k fo|kF;kZaP;k oxZ LoPNrsfo”k;h

leL;k nwj dj.;klkBh fofo/k miØe jkcfo.ks

la’kks/ku i/nrh


okij.;kr vkyh vkgs


lnj la’kks/kukr ekfgrh ladyuklkBh eqyk[kr]

iklafxd uksanh] fufj{k.k ra= ;kapk okij

dsyk vkgs

22

U;kn’kZu fuoM

la'kksf/kdsus mijksDr uequk izdjkrhy

vlaHkkO; i/nrh izklafxd U;kn’kZu

fuoMysys vkgs-

23

izca/k 4

f’k”kZd % ukf’kd ftYg;krhy nqxko

;sFkhy ftYgk

ifj”knsP;k ‘kkGsrhy b-

7ohP;k fo|kF;kZauk

‘kkfjfjd vkjksX;eqGs

fuekZ.k gks.kkÚ;k leL;k

lksMfo.;klkBh miØe

fufeZrh

la’kks/ku o”kZ % 2005&2006

la’kksf/kdk % iz.kkyh ;ksxs’k

tk/ko

ekxZn’kZd% izk-ok;-oks-cPNko lj


1-b-7ohP;k fo|kF;kZaP;k ‘kkfjfjd

vkjksX;ckcr fuekZ.k leL;kapk ‘kks/k ?

ks.ks

2-b-7ohP;k fo|kF;kZauk ‘kkfjfjd

vkjksX;ckcr fuekZ.k gks.kkÚ;k leL;k

ekxP;k dkj.kkapk ‘kks/k ?ks.ks-

24


vkjksX;fo”k;d leL;k nwj dj.;klkBh miØe

jkcfo.ks


vkjksX;kfo”k;h jkcfoysY;k miØekph

ifj.kkedkfjdrk vH;k.ks

la’kks/ku i/nrh


okij.;kr vkyh vkgs


lnj la’kks/kukr ekfgrh ladyuklkBh fufj{k.k]

eqyk[kr ra= ;kapk okij dsysyk vkgs

U;kn’kZu fuoM

la'kksf/kdsus izLrqr la’kks/kukr lgsrqd

U;kn’kZu i/nrhus U;kn’kZ fuoM dsyh vkgs-

1 f’k{kd o 15 fo|kFkhZ

fu”d”kZ

1-fo|kF;kZauk ‘kkfjfjd vkjksX;kps egRo

iVY;kus rs ‘kkfjfjd LoPNrk Bsorkr

25

2-‘kkfjfjd LoPNrk] ‘kkfjfjd vkjksX; gh vkiyh

laiRrh vkgs- gs y{kkr vkY;keqGs fo|

kFkhZ ‘kkfjfjd LokLFk pkaxys Bsorkr

izca/k 5

f’k”kZd % fHkoaMh ‘kgjkrhy euik

Ø-57 e/;s b-4Fkh

P;k fo|kF;kZauk iks”kd

vkgkj u feGkY;keqGs

vkjksX; fo?kMkckcr

fuekZ.k gks.kkÚ;k leL;k

nwj dj.;klkBh miØekaps

vk;kstu-

la’kks/ku o”kZ % 2006&2007

la’kksf/kdk % o”kkZ ukenso

ikVhy

ekxZn’kZd% izk-fuye HkksbZj

eWMe


1-b-4FkhP;k fo|kF;kZauk iks”kd vkgkj u

feGkY;keqGs vkjksX; fc?kkMkckcr

fuekZ.k gks.kkÚ;k leL;k ekxpk dkj.kkapk

‘kks/k ?ks.ks

26


feGkY;kus vkjksX;ckcr fuekZ.k

gks.kkÚ;k leL;k nwj dj.;klkBh miØe

jkcfo.ks


feGkY;kus vkjksX;fo”k;d jkcfoysY;k

miØekph ifj.kkedkjdrk vH;kl.ks

la’kks/ku i/nrh


okij.;kr vkyh vkgs


lnj la’kks/kukr ekfgrh ladyuklkBh fufj{k.k]

eqyk[kr ra= ;k lk/kukapk okij dsysyk vkgs

U;kn’kZu fuoM

izLrqr la’kks/kuklkBh lgsrqd U;kn’kZu

feGkysyk vkgs R;klkBh 1 f’k{kd o 12 fo|

kFkhZ

izca/k 6

f’k”kZd % ‘kgkiwj ‘kgjkrhy

izkFkfed ‘kkGsrhy b-7oh

27

P;k fo|kF;kZauk O;k;ke

djrkauk ;s.kkÚ;k leL;k nwj

dj.;klkBh miØekaps

vk;kstu

la’kks/ku o”kZ % 2007&2008

la’kksf/kdk % lafni jkepanz jkÅr

ekxZn’kZd% izk-eh-cSjkxh eWMe


1-b- 7oh P;k fo|kF;kZauk O;k;ke

djrkauk ;s.kkÚ;k leL;kapk ‘kks/k ?ks.ks

2-b- 7oh P;k fo|kF;kZauk O;k;kekfo”k;h



la’kks/ku i/nrh


okij.;kr vkyh vkgs


lnj la’kks/kukr ekfgrh ladyuklkBh

la’kks/kdkus iz’ukoyh] fufj{k.k] eqyk[kr

ra= ;k lk/kukapk okij dsysyk vkgs

28

U;kn’kZu fuoM

la'kks/kdkus lgsrqd U;kn’kZu i/nrhus

U;kn’kZu fuoMysyk vkgs- R;klkBh 1

f’k{kd] 1 rK] 22 fo|kFkhZ

fu”d”kZ

fo|kF;kZauk O;k;kekps Qk;ns iVowu

fnY;kus fo|kFkhZ O;k;ke djrkr

29

2-3 lnj la’kks/kukps osxGsi.k

iwohZ >kysY;k la’kks/kukpk vk<kok ?

ksryk R;ko#u y{kkr ;srs dh] lnj la’kks/ku

gs R;k la’kks/kukis{kk osxGs vkgs

la’kks/ku i/nrh

izLrqr la’kks/kuklkBh la’kksf/kdsus

izk;ksfxd i/nrhpk voyac dsysyk vkgs rj

iqohZ >kysY;k la’kks/kuklkBh izk;ksfxd

i/nrhpk okij dsysyk vkgs- izk;ksfxd

i/nrhP;k enrhus fdaok iz’ukoyhP;k enrhus

eksB;k izek.kkr ekfgrh xksGk djrk ;srs

U;kn’kZ

izLrqr la’kks/kukr U;kn’kZ Eg.kqu 2 f’k{kd

o 20 fo|kFkhZ vls U;kn’kZ vkgsr

la’kks/ku ra= fdaok lk/kus

lacaf/kr la’kksf/kdsus ekfgrh ladyuklkBh

eqyk[kr] izklfxd uskanh] fufj{k.k ra= ;k

lk/kukapk okij dsysyk vkgs- rj izLrqr

la’kks/kukr la’kksf/kdsus izk;ksfxd i/nrhpk

okij dsysyk vkgs

30

HkkSxksfyd O;kIrh@ifjlj

lacaf/kr la’kks/ku gs dY;k.k ‘kgjkiqjrs

e;kZfnr vkgsr rj lnj la’kks/ku gs vacjukFk

‘kgjkiqjrs e;kZfnr vkgs-

31

2-4 izLrqr la’kks/kukph oSf’k”V;s

1-fo”k;kckcr e;kZnk % ifjlj vH;kl

fo”k;kr

vkjksX;kckcr

fuekZ.k gks.kkÚ;k

leL;kapk vH;kl

2-HkkSxksfyd e;kZnk % vacjukFk

‘kgj

3-U;kn’kZ % 20 fo|kFkhZ]

1 f’k{kd

4-la'kks/ku i/nrh % izk;ksfxd

i/nrh

5-ekfgrh ladyukph lk/kus %

iz’ukoyh

6-dkyko/kh % 2010 rs 2011

32

izdj.k frljs

la’kks/kukph dk;Zokgh

3-1-1 la’kks/ku vfHkdYi

dks.krsgh NksVs dke dj.;klkBh R;kpk

vkjk[kMk r;kj djkok ykxrks- mnk- bekjr

cka/k.;klkBh laiw.kZ bekjrhpk

vkjk[kMk dkxnkoj mrjkok ykxrks-

izdYikpk dPpk vkjk[kMk la’kks/ku

vxnh izkjaHkhP;k Lrjkoj Bjforks-

la’kks/ku gh ,d Øec/n ik;Ú;kaph]

‘k`a[kykc/n izfØ;k vlY;kus leL;k fuf’prh

>kY;koj la’kks/kd R;koj fopkj djrks-

la’kks/ku vfHkdYikn~okjs laiw.kZ

la’kks/ku dk;ZØekP;k ik;Ú;k fu”ks/k

dsysY;k vlrkr- R;ke/;s la’kks/ku

leL;sfo”k;h vko’;d vlysY;k ekfgrhps

ladyu dj.ks vkf.k vFkZfoospu dj.ks ;k

ik;Ú;k ;srkr-

“Research Designe is the plan

Structure is strategy of

investigation conceived so as to

33

often answer to research

question and ccontrol variance”.

ojhy okD;kps iafMr ¼1989½ e/;s

iq<hyizek.ks Hkk”kkarj dsysys vkgs-

la’kks/ku leL;kaP;k lek/kkuklkBh o

la’kks/ku leL;s’kh lacaf/kr ulysY;k loZ

vlaca/k pykpk izHkko U;qure A

fucQGA i`F;dj.kkP;k gsrqus ifjdfYir

vkjk[kMk lkSjpuk o izcks/ku fo/kh r;kj

dj.ks Eg.kts la’kks/ku vfHkdYi gks;-

3-1 la’kks/ku vfHkdYikps izdkj

v- ,dyxV vfHkdYi

;k vfHkdYikr ,dp LFkk;hpy ?kVd vlrks

o R;kph gkrkG.kh dsyh tkrs-

iz;ksxkP;k varfjd o ckg; lgizek.krsl

izHkkoh dj.kkÚ;k ckg; pykP;k fu;a=.k

ek=sP;k vk/kkjkoj ,dyxV vfHkdYikps

rhu izdkj iMrkr-

v- iwoZ izk;ksfxd vfHkdYi ¼Pre-

Exprimental½

34

c- fo’kq/n izk;ksfxd vfHkdYi¼True -

Experimental½

d- izkFk%izk;ksfxd vfHkdYi

¼Query-Experimental ½

d`rh la’kks/kuklkBh iwoZ izk;ksfxd

i/nrhrhy ,dyxV iqoksZRrj dlksVh

vfHkdYi o fo’kq/n izk;ksfxd vfHkdYi

iqoksZRrj dlksVh lerqY; xV

vfHkdYi ;kapk izkeq[;kus okij dsyk

tkrks-

izLrqr la’kks/kuklkBh

la’kks/kdkus ,dyxV vfHkdYikph fuoM

dsysyh vkgs- ;k vfHkdYike/;s ,dkp

xVkph iz;ksxklkBh fuoM dsysyh

vkgs- ;k ,dyxV vfHkdYikph iz;ksxiqoZ

o iz;ksxkuarj ikg.kh dsyh- nksu fHkUu

izfØ;kae/kwu ,dkp xVkyk tkos

ykxys] ;k vfHkdYikr ,dkp xV vlY;kus

fu;=a.k dj.ks lksis xsys vkf.k visf{kr

ifj.kke fnlqu vkyk-

35

iz;ksx iwosZlqph leL;kapk

‘kks/k miØekph vaeyctko.kh

vafre pkp.kh

c- la'kks/ku izfØ;k

‘kkL=h; i/nrhus la’kks/ku dj.;klkBh

Bjkfod ekxkZus tk.ks vko’;d vlrs-

la’kks/ku Lor%P;k la’kks/kukps fo”k; o

R;kph mn~fn”V;s fuf’pr dj.ks rsOgkp

R;k mn~fn”VkaP;k iqrZrslkBh

dks.kR;k i/nrhus la’kks/ku

djk;ps ;kpkgh fopkj R;kyk djkok

ykxrks- la’kks/kdkph mn~fn”Vs]

ekfgrh ladyu ra=s] lk/kus] {ks=s

bR;kfn vusd izdkjP;k vk/kkjkoj

la’kks/ku i/nrhus oxhZdj.k djrk ;srs

la'kks/kukP;k izeq[k rhu i/nrh

vkgsr

la’kks/ku i/nrh

,frgkfld i/nrh o.kZukRed i/nrh

izk;ksfxd i/nrh

36

izLrqr la’kks/kukr izk;ksfxd i/nr okij.;kr

vkysyh vkgs- fof’k”V iz;ksx dsY;koj

miØe jkcfoY;koj ifjfLFkrhr dk; cny ?

kMsy gs izk;ksfxd i/nrhn~okjs ikfgys

tkrs- gh i/nr Hkfo”;dkGkph lacaf/kr

vkgs- fof’k”V fjrhus pykoj fu;a=.k

Bsowu dsysY;k iz;ksxkpk ifj.kke

R;kP;ke/;s laca/k izLFkkfir dj.;kpk

iz;Ru ;k i/nrhn~okjs dsyk vkgs-

izLrqr la’kks/kukrhy leL;k o mn~fn”Vs

lqLi”V vkgsr- LFkkfud ifjfLFkrhrhy

leL;spk fopkj ;kr dsyk vkgs- leL;k

fujkdj.kklkBh dks.krh ifjfLFkrh visf{kr

vkgs ;kpk fopkj ;kiwohZ dj.;kr vkysY;k

vYila’kks/kukrwu dsyk vkgs- o leL;k

mdy dj.;klkBh dks.krs lk/ku mi;qDr

Bjsy ;kpk fopkj dsyk xsyk vkgs-

izk;ksfxd dkGkr ekfgrh eksB;k

iz’ukoyh] eqyk[kr lqph] iMrkGk

lqph ;k lk/kd laadfyr djrk vkyh- ;k

37

i/nrhe/;s ekfgrkps ladyu fo’ys”k.k o

vFkZ fo’ys”k.kkps fu”d”kZ vgoky

bR;knh loZ vko’;d ckchpk varZHkko

vkgs-

38

3-2 U;kn’kZ

‘kS{kf.kd la’kks/kukr U;kn’kZ eqyHkwr

vkgs- ‘kS{kf.kd leeL;sP;k vH;klkr laiw.kZ

tula[;sP;k vH;kl dj.ks ‘kD; ulrs- g;k laiw.kZ

tula[;sps izfrfuf/kRo d# ‘kd.kkÚ;k ,dk

ygku xVkP;k vH;klko#u laiw.kZ tula[;sP;k

izo`Rrhckcr iwokZuqeku dk<.ks vf/kd

lks;hLdj deh [kpkZps o deh Jekps

djrk ;s.;klkj[ks dke vkgs

O;k[;k

^^tula[;sP;k rF;kfo”k;h iwokZuqeku

dj.;kdjhrk tula[;srwu fuoMysY;k O;Drh

fdaok oLrw ;kaP;k ygku lapkyk U;k;n’kZu

Eg.krkr**

¼eqGs o dqekBs 1977] i`”B 328½

3-2-1 U;k;n’kZukP;k ik;Ú;k

1-tula[;sph O;k[;k dj.ks

2- tula[;sph ;knh r;kj dj.ks

3-U;k;n’kZukpk izdkj Bjfo.ks

4-U;k;n’kZu feGo.ks

39

U;kn’kZ fuoMhoj la’kks/kukps

fuoMhoj la’kks/kukps fu”d”kZ

voyacqu vlrkr- Eg.kwu

U;kn’kZukph fuoM ‘kkL=h; i/nrhus

djkoh ykxrs- v’kk ‘kkL=h; o

dkGthiqoZd fuoMysY;k

U;k;n’kZukeqGs fu”d”kZ

fo’oklkgZ feGrkr

3-2-2 U;kn’kZukps izdkj

U;kn’kZu

laHkkO;

vlaHkkO;

;kn`fPNdfu;ec/n cgqLrjh; Lrjh; xqPN

izkR;f{kd lgsrqd

izLrqr la’kks/kukr vlkaHkO;k i/nrhrhy lgsrqd U;kn’kZu i/nrhpk okij dsyk vkgs-lgsrqd U;kn’kZu

la’kks/kukph mn~fn”Vs fopkjkr ?

ksÅu la’kks/ku tula[;srqu ikfgts

R;k ?kVdkph fuoM d#u R;kyk

lgsrqd uequk fuoM Eg.krkr-

40

R;keqGs ueqU;koj la’kks/kdkps

iq.kZ fu;=a.k vlrs

lgsrqd U;kn’kZu i/nrhps Qk;ns

1-gk U;kn’kZu lgt miyC/k gksÅ

‘kdrks

2- la’kks/kd Lor%P;k lks;huqlkj

U;k;n’kZu fuoMrks

3- iz’kkldh; vMp.kh VkGrk ;srkr

4-FkksM;k osGkr NksV;k

U;k;n’kZukr la’kks/ku dk;Z

iq.kZ gksÅ ‘kdrs

izLrqr la’kks/kuklkBh fo|kF;kZaph

o ,d fo”k;kf’k{kd ;kaph U;k;n’kZu

Eg.kwu fuoM dsyh vkgs- gk

U;kn’kZ la’kks/kdkP;k leL;s’kh

lacaf/kr vlY;keqGs vlaHkkO;

U;k;n’kZu i/nrhrhy lgsrqd

U;k;n’kZu izdkj ;k la’kks/kuklkBh

fuoMyk vkgs-

3-3 ekfgrh ldyukph lk/kus

41

izR;sd la’kks/kd la’kks/ku leL;sph vko’;d

o mn~fn”Vkuq#i ekfgrh xksGk djrks-

R;klkBh la’kks/kdkyk fujfujkG;k ekfgrh

ladyukP;k lka/kukpk mi;ksx djkok

ykxrks- la’kks/kukr ifjdYiuk ekaMysY;k

vlrkr R;kps eqY;kadu d#u vafre fu”d”kZ

dk<.;klkBh fofo/k izdkjph ekfgrh o

vkdMsokjh vko’;d vlrs- ;k ekfgrh o

vkdMsokjhps ladyu T;k lka/kukn~okjs

dsys tkrs R;kauk la’kks/kukph lk/kus

Eg.krkr

3-3-1izLrqr la’kks/kukr okij.;kr

vkysyh lk/kus

izLrqr la’kks/kukr la’kks/kdkus

iz’ukoyh o lqph o eqyk[kr lwph ;k

lk/kukapk okij dsysyk vkgs

1-eqyk[kr lqph

^^fof’k”V fo”k;koj fuf’pr o

lgsrqd ?kMoqu vk.kysY;k

vukSipkfjd ‘kkfCnd izHkkoh

42

laokn Eg.kts eqyk[kr gks;**

¼ih-fOg-;ax½

^^dkgh eqn~n;koj fo’ks”k d#u

vkSipkfjd fopkj dj.;klkBh ,d=

vkysY;k O;Drhph leksjkleksjph

HksV Eg.kts eqyk[kr gks;**

¼vkWDl

QMZ½

eqyk[krhps xq.k

1- loZ izdkjP;k ekfgrhps ladyu

djrk ;srs-

2- [kktxh o O;Drhxr ekfgrhgh

feGork ;srs

3- Hkwrdkyhu ?kVukapk

vH;kl djrk ;srks-

4- yofpdrsus iz’ukapk Øe

cnY;kus eqyk[krdR;kZayk

Lokra«; feGrs

5- ekfgrh ikj[kwu ?ksrk ;srs

43

6- fopkjkaps o Hkkoukaps

vknku iznku gksrs R;keqGs

ltho thoari.kk ;srks

7- iz’ukapk vFkZ Li”V d#u

lkaxrk ;srks

iz’ukoyhP;k e;kZnk

1- iwoZxzgkyk izHkko ‘kD;

vlrks- fuosndkps o eqyk[kr

dR;kZaps iwoZxzg eqyk[kr

dR;kZoj ifj.kke d# ‘kdrkr-

2- fuosndkyk Qkj Lokra«;

vlrks- rks ykac mRrjs nsÅ

‘kdrks-

3- fuosndkus fnysyh ekfgrh

fo’oklkgZ] izkekf.kd vlsyp

vls ukgh gh ekfgrh

ikj[kwu ?;koh ykxrs

4- fuosndkyk Lej.k’kDrhoj

folacwu jgkos ykxrs-

izLrqr la’kks/kuklkBh eqyk[kr ;k

ra=kpk okij d#u b-5oh P;k fo”k;

f’k{kdkaph eqyk[kr ?ksryh- gh

44

r;kjh djrkauk rsFkhy f’k{kd fo|

kF;kZaps vkjksX; lq/kkj.;klkBh dls

izR;u djrkr R;k lacaf/kr eqyk[kr

lqph r;kj dsyh- ;klkBh lanHkZ

iqLrd Eg.kwu vkjksX; f’k{k.k

¼fM-,M~ f}rh; o”kZ lqfopkj

izdk’ku ;kaps iqLrdkpk lanHkZ½

Eg.kqu okij dsyk vkgs-

fufj{k.k ra=

1- lksis ;a=

FkksM;k’kk izf’k{k.kkus vpwd

o lw{e fufj{k.k djrk ;srs

2- xqarkxqrhps lk/kus ukgh

fufj{k.kklkBh lrdZ Kkusafnz;s

o lksih votkjs ykxrkr- Qkj’kk

egkx tVhy lkexzhph xjt iMr

ukgh

3- rqyukRed Js”Bro

ftFks iz’ukoyh] eqyk[kr]

vuqlqph v’kh ra=s vlQy

gksrkr frFks gh ra=s mi;qDr

45

Bjrs- fuftZo fuj{kj] vlgdkjh vls

iz;qDr gh fufj{k.k ra= vlY;kus

la’kks/ku djrk ;srs

46

fufj{k.k ra=kP;k e;kZnk

1- ?kVuk fufj{k.k e;kZnk

fufj{k.kklkBh Lfky dkykps

ca/ku iMrs- fufj{k.k fo”k;

ve;kZn dkGkr ve;kZn LFkGkr

fo[kqjY;k rj R;kaps fufj{k.k

djrk ;sr ukgh-

2- dkye;kZnk

?kVuk ?kMrkukp fufj{k.k dsys

tkrs R;keqGs ?kVuk ?kMwu

xsY;koj fufj{k.k dqpdkeh Bjrs-

dkj.k ?kVuk ?kMrkauk

la’kks/ku rsFks vlsyp vls ukgh

3- vioknkRed Lo#i

orZukps fo’ys”k.k dj.ks

lkekftd ?kVukaps fufj{k.k

dj.ks R;kaP;k vfuf’pr

Lo#ikeqGs vo?kM vlrs-

4- O;fDrfu”Brk

47

ifjfLFkrhpk vFkZ yko.ks gk

fufj{k.kkryk egRokpk Hkkx

vkgs- i.k ghp R;kph e;kZnk

gksrs- dkj.k O;Drh Lor%P;k

vuqHko dlsiqjrkp vFkZ

ykorks-

3-4ekfgrh fo’ys”k.kkph

la[;k’kkL=h; lk/kus

ekfgrh fo’ys”k.k dj.ks Eg.ktsp

dks”Vdkrhy ekfgrhpk vFkZ yko.;klkBh

Vddsokjh] lkj.kh] vkys[k ;klkj[;k ra=kpk

vk/kkj ?ks.ks

izLrqr la’kks/kuklkBh iMrkGk lqph ;k

la[;k’kkL=h; ra=kpk okij dsyk vkgs-

1-iMrkGk lqph

fo|kF;kZap;k vaxh vlysY;k xq.kkaph

vfHko`Rrh] vfrn{krk ;kpk fdrh fodkl

>kyk ;kph iMrkGk ikg.kh ;knh

Eg.kts iMrkGk lqph gks;-

48

2-VDdsokjh

la'kks/kdkus fo|kF;kZadMwu

feGoysY;k ekfgrhps Lo#i dls vkgs

gs ikg.;klkBh la’kks/kukr VDdsokjh

mi;ksx dsyk vkgs-

3-vkys[k

ekfgrhps oxhZdj.k dsys rjh rh

ekfgrh nqcksZ/k okVrs Eg.kwu rh

ekfgrh vpwd nk[kok;ph lnj

la’kks/kuklkBh LraHkkys[kkpk okij

dsyk

49

3-5la’kks/kukph izR;{k dk;Zokgh

leL;k o mn~fn”V;s fuf’pr dsY;kuarj

la’kks/kdkus iq<hyizek.ks dk;Zokgh

dsyh

iwoZ pkp.kh

eq[;k/;kidkdMwu o f’k{kdkadMwu miØe

fufeZrhlkBh ijokuxh ?ksrY;kuarj b-5oh

e/khy fo|kF;kZaP;k

vkjksX;fo”k;d ;s.kkÚ;k leL;sP;k lanHkkZr

fLFkrh tk.kwu ?ks.;klkBh fufj{k.k

ra=k}kjs iMrkGk lqphpk okij d#u iwoZ

pkp.khe/kwu la’kks/ku fo”k;klaca/kh

U;kn’kkZph fuoM dsyh

miØe fufeZrh

U;kn’kkZn~okjs fuoMysY;k 20 fo|

kF;kZae/;s mn~fn”Vkuq#i cny ?kMowu

vk.k.;klkBh la’kksf/kdsus iq<hy

miØekpa vaeyctko.kh dsyh

miØe 1

vkjksX; fc?kkMkps dkj.k y{kkr vk.kwu

ns.ks izLrqr la’kks/kukr la’kksf/kdsus gk

50

miØe jkcforkauk loZ izFke fo|kF;kZauk

vkjksX; Eg.kts dk;\ vkjksX;kP;k rKkaP;k

O;k[;k letkowu fnY;k

vkjksX; fc?kkMkph dkj.ks iq<hyizek.ks

1- larqfyr vkgkjkpk vHkko

2-thoulRokpk vHkko

3- ‘kkfjfjd LoPnrspk vHkko

4- ifjlj LoPNrspk vHkko

miØe 2

vkjksX; pkaxys jk[k.;klkBh vkjksX;fo”k;d

ekfgrh ns.ks- vkjksX; pkaxys jk[k.;klkBh

fo|kF;kZaP;k vaxh dks.kR;k lo;h yko.ks

xjtsps vkgs rs lkafxrys-

1-oS;fDrd LoPNrk jk[k.ks

2-gkr#eky okij.ks

3-eyew= foltZukP;k ;ksX; lo;h yko.ks

4-‘olukP;k ;ksX; lo;h

5-fi.;kP;k ik.;kph LoPNrk jk[k.ks-

miØe 3

ifjlj LoPNrsps miØe jkcfo.ks- izLrqr

la’kks/kukr la’kksf/kdsus ‘kkys; ifjlj

LoPN d#u ?ksryk

51

miØe 4

MkWDVjkaps O;k[;ku vk;ksftr dj.ks

izLrqr la’kks/kukr la’kksf/kdsus fo|

kF;kZauk vkjksX;kps egRo iVowu

ns.;klkBh rlsp vktkjkaph y{k.ks

lkax.;klkBh R;koj ;ksX; mik;kaph ekfgrh

MkWDVjkauh fnyh

1-jksxkph y{k.ks

2- lalxZtU; jksx

3- jksxkaoj mik; lkax.ks

miØe 5

fofo/k ‘kS{kf.kd lk/kukn~okjs rDrs fp=s

v’kk lk/kukan~okjs fo|kF;kZauk

vkjksX;fo”k;d ekfgrh fnyh-

mRrj pkp.kh

miØe jkcfoY;kuarj fo|kF;kZae/;s >kysY;k

cnykaps izek.k tk.kwu ?ks.;klkBh

la’kksf/kdsus mRrj pkp.kh ?ksryh ;k

pkp.khuarj la’kksf/kdsP;k vls fun’kZukl

vkys dh] fo|kF;kZauk vkjksX;kps egRo

iVys-

52

iwoZ pkp.kh o mRrj pkp.kh ;k nks?

kkaphgh rqyuk dsyh vlrk] fo|kF;kZaP;k

izxrhr y{k.kh; Qjd tk.koyk-

osGk i=d

v-

Ø-

miØe osG

1 leL;k fuoM o ekfgrh ladyu 10 vkWxLV] 2010

2 d`rhla’kks/ku lanHkkZr

ekxZn’kZu

1 lIVscaj] 2010

3 ‘kkys; fufj{k.k iwoZ pkp.kh

HksV

17 lIVscaj rs 20

lIVscj

4 dPps vgoky ys[ku 1 vkWDVkscj rs 15

vkWDVkscj

5 lanHkZ lkfgR;kpk vk<kok 16vkWDVkscj rs

31vkWDVkscj

6 miØekps fu;kstu o

dk;Zokgh

04 uksOgscj]2011

7 mRrj pkp.kh fu”d”kZ 07 uksOgscaj]2011

8 dPps vgoky ys[ku o vgoky

nq#Lrh

10 tkusokjh] 2011

9 vgoky egkfo|ky;kr lknj 10 ekpZ]2011

53

izdj.k pkSFks

ekfgrhps ladyu

4-1 ekfgrhps ladyu

frlÚ;k izdj.kkr la’kksf/kdsus la’kks/kuklkBh

fo|kF;kZaph leL;k y{kkr ?ksÅu visf{kr

mn~fn”Vs lk/; dj.;klkBh la’kks/ku vfHkdYi

o ladyukP;k izfo/kh b- xks”Vhapk ijke’kZ ?

ksryk vkgs- izLrqr izdj.kkr ladfyr ekfgrhps

fo’ys”k.k o vFkZfuoZpu dys vkgs- izLrqr

la’kks/kukps fu”d”kZ dk<.;klkBh fofo/k

lka/kukekQZr th ekfgrh xksGk dj.;kr vkyh

rh ;k izdj.kkr ekaMyh vkgs- R;k ekfgrhP;k

vk/kkjs fu”d”kkZizr iksgp.;klkBh vko’;d

vlysyh lkaf[;dh izfØ;k ;k izdj.kkr dj.;kr

vkyh vkgs-

loZ izFke la’kksf/kdsus ‘kkGsP;k eq[;k/;kid

vkf.k oxZf’k{kd o fo”k; f’k{kd ;kaP;k’kh

laidZ lk/kwu rsFkhy ‘kkGsP;k ifjljkps b-

4FkhP;k fo|kF;kZaps fufj{k.k dsys rlsp

rsFkhy f’k{kdkaph eqyk[kr ?ksryh o

R;ke/kwu fo|kF;kZae/;s gh leL;k tk.koyh

55

fo|kF;kZap;k leL;k tk.kwu ?ks.;klkBh ijhlj

vH;kl fo”k;karxZr fujh{k.k ra=kpk okij

d#u vls fun’kZukl vkys dh] fo|kF;kZae/;s

vkjksX;fo”k;d leL;k tk.kors- fo|kFkhZ Lor

%ps ‘kkfjfjd vkjksX; LoPN Bsor ukgh- ijhlj

vLoPN vlrks- vkjksX; fc?kkMkph dkj.ks

ekghr ukgh- fo|kF;kZaP;k ;k leL;k nwj

dj.;klkBh iq<hy miØe vk;ksftr dsys-

miØekaph ukos

1-vkjksX; fc?kkMkph dkj.ks y{kkr vk.kwu

ns.ks

2-vkjksX; pkaxys jk[k.;klkBh vkjksX;fo”k;d

ekfgrh ns.ks

3- ijhlj LoPNrsps miØe jkcfo.ks

4-MkWDVjkaps O;k[;ku vk;ksftr dj.ks

5- fofo/k lalxZtU; jksxkfo”k;h ekfgrh ns.ks

ojhy miØekaP;k vk;kstukuarj la’kksf/kdsus

iwoZ pkp.kh o mRrj pkp.kh ;kaph rqyuk

d#u iMrkGk lwph] fufj{k.k eqyk[kr ;k

ra=kpk mi;ksx d#u ekfgrhps ;ksX; fjrhus

ladyu dsys-

56

4-2 ekfgrhps fo’ys”k.k

dks”Vdkrhy ekfgrhpk vFkZ yko.;klkBh

Vddsokjh] ljkljh vkys[k ;klkj[;k

la[;k’kkL=h; ra=kpk vk/kkj ?;kok ykxrks]

R;kyk ekfgrhps fo’ys”k.k vls Eg.krkr

la’kksf/kdsus ekfgrh ladyuklkBh eqyk[kr

fufj{k.k iMrkGk lwph ;k lk/kukn~okjs fo|

kF;kZaph vfHkO;Drh tk.kwu ?ksryh-

la’kksf/kdsus izFke iwoZ pkp.kh ?

ksryh ;ke/;s fun’kZukl vkysY;k leL;kaph

iMrkGk lqph iq<hyizek.ks

57

rDrk Ø-1 iMrkGk lqph & iwoZpkp.kh

Ø

-

vkjksX;fo”k;d leL;k

1 vkjksX; fc?kkMkph dkj.ks

lkax.ks

2 vkjksX;fo”k;h ekfgrh ns.ks

3 ifjlj LoPNrsP;k miØekr

lgHkkxh gks.ks

4 MksG;kaph LoPNrk jk[k.ks

5 LoPN fuVusVds diMs ?

kky.ks

6 jkst vka?kksG dj.ks] u[ks o

dsl dki.ks

7 ‘kkfjfjd LoPNrk jk[k.ks

v-

Ø

fo|kF;kZaph

ukos

vkjks

X; fc?

kkMk

ph

dkj.ks

lakxk

vkjksX;

fc?

kkMkp

h

dkj.ks

lakxk

vkjksX

;

fo”k;h

ekfgrh

ns.k

LoPNr

sP;k

miØek

r

lgHkk

x

MksG;

kaph

fuxk

jk[k.ks

LoPN

diMs ?

kky.ks

‘kkfjfj

d

LoPNr

k

jk[k.ks

g

s

k;

uk

g

h

gs

k;

uk

gh

gk

s;

uk

gh

gs

k;

uk

gh

g

ks

;

uk

gh

gs

k;

uk

gh

g

ks

;

uk

gh

1 Hkxr oS’kkyh

xksikG

58

2 fctxqMs

uezrk lat;

3 HkaMkjh

dksey ukuk

4 HkksbZj

efgek jfoanz

5 HkksbZj fu’kk

larks”k

6 pkan.ks vkjrh

fHkdk

7 pOgk.k

vf’ouh fd’kksj

8 pksGsdj jfouk

izdk’k

9 pksGsdj

#fprk dUgS;k

10 pksGsdj

d`frdk fot;

11 nGoh iz.kkyh

tkuw

12 xk;dokM

lk;yh larks”k

13 xk;dokM

o`”kkyh jes’k

14 pkS/kjh #fpjk

v’kksd

15 xksrekjs

fiz;adk fnyhi

16 tk/ko dkapu

eksgu

17 tk/ko rsty

lqjs’k

18 tk/ko usgk

59

uanw

19 dsnkj fiz;k

fnid

20 dqjs'kh

uktuhu

eqDdnj

21 [kkdjs dksey

lek/kku

22 [kkMhd

dksey nRrk

23 felkG

vafdrk ;’koar

24 fude ,s’o;kZ

lfpu

25 izfo.k v’kksd

ikVhy

26 dksYgsdj

jksfgr fo”.kw

27 ikVhy Lojkt

28 v{k; nxMw

f’kans

29 rq"kkj panj

f’kdsZ

30 lkghy

lksuVDds

31 lehj ‘ks[k

32 luh nRrk

js.kwds

60

ojhy VDdsokjhpk vkys[k iq<hyizek.ks

v'kkizdkjs la’kksf/kdsus iwoZ fufj{k.kkrhy

n[ky ?ksÅu miØe jkcfoys-

mRrj dlksVhiwoZ pkp.khrwu leL;k tk.koY;kuarj la’kksf/kdsus uarj miØe jkcfoys o R;k

miØekrwu leL;k deh >kyh fdaok ukgh gs ikg.;klkBh la’kksf/kdsus mRrj

pkp.kh ?ksryh R;kph fuIirh iq<hyizek.ks

v-

Ø

fo|kF;kZaph

ukos

vkjks

X; fc?

kkMk

ph

dkj.ks

lakxk

vkjksX

; fc?

kkMkp

h

dkj.ks

lakxk

vkjksX

;

fo”k;h

ekfgrh

ns.k

LoPNr

sP;k

miØek

r

lgHkk

x

MksG;

kaph

fuxk

jk[k.k

s

LoPN

diMs ?

kky.ks

‘kkfjfj

d

LoPNr

k

jk[k.k

s

g

s

k;

uk

g

h

gs

k;

uk

gh

gk

s;

uk

gh

gs

k;

uk

gh

g

ks

;

uk

gh

gs

k;

uk

gh

g

ks

;

uk

gh

1 Hkxr oS’kkyh

xksikG

2 fctxqMs uezrk

lat;

3 HkaMkjh dksey

61

ukuk

4 HkksbZj efgek

jfoanz

5 HkksbZj fu’kk

larks”k

6 pkan.ks vkjrh

fHkdk

7 pOgk.k vf’ouh

fd’kksj

8 pksGsdj jfouk

izdk’k

9 pksGsdj #fprk

dUgS;k

10 pksGsdj d`frdk

fot;

11 nGoh iz.kkyh

tkuw

12 xk;dokM lk;yh

larks”k

13 xk;dokM

o`”kkyh jes’k

14 pkS/kjh #fpjk

v’kksd

15 xksrekjs fiz;adk

fnyhi

16 tk/ko dkapu

eksgu

17 tk/ko rsty lqjs’k

18 izfo.k v’kksd

ikVhy

19 dksYgsdj jksfgr

fo”.kw

62

20 ikVhy Lojkt

21 v{k; nxMw

f’kans

22 rq"kkj panj

f’kdsZ

23 lkghy lksuVDds

24 lehj ‘ks[k

25 luh nRrk

js.kwds

26 ikVhy ladrs

27 cfgjs iznhi

n’kjFk

63

rDrk Ø-4

fo/

kk

u

fo|kFkh

la[;k

izfrlkn VDds

okjh

gks;

@ukg

h

1 20 19 01 95 % -5 %

2 20 20 00 100 % 0 %

3 20 20 00 100 % 0 %

4 20 19 01 95 % -5 %

5 20 20 00 100 % 0 %

6 20 20 00 100 % 0 %

7 20 20 00 100 % 0 %

iwoZ pkp.khe/;s vkjksX;fo”k;h fo|kFkhZ

tkLrhr tkLr fu”dkGthi.kk djrkr- ijarq miØe

jkcfoY;kuarj rDrk Ø-4 o#u vls fnlwu ;srs

dh] fo|kFkhZ vkjksX; pkaxys Bsorkr- ojhy

VDdsokjhpk vkys[k iq<hyizek.ks

64

iwoZpkp.kh o mRrjpkp.kh rqyuk rDrk

fo|

kFkh

Z

fo/kk

u

iwoZ

pkp.kh

fo|kFkhZ

la[;k

mRrj

pkp.kh

fo|

kFkhZ

la[;k

iwoZ

pkp.kh

VDdso

kjh

mRrj

pkp.kh

VDdsokj

h

1 40 20 75 95

2 40 20 85 100

3 40 20 75 100

4 40 20 70 100

5 40 20 80 100

6 40 20 75 100

7 40 20 80 100

ojhy rdR;ko#u vls fun’kZukl ;srs dh] iwoZ

pkp.khis{kk mRrj pkp.khph Vddsokjh

lokZf/kd vkgs Eg.kts jkcfoysY;k miØek}kjs

fo|kF;kZae/;s ifjlj vH;kl fo”k;ke/;s ldkjkRed

ifj.kke fnlwu vkyk- rks iq<hy

vkys[kkizek.ks

lnj vkys[kko#u vls fun’kZukl ;srs dh]

fo/kku Ø-1] 2] 3] 4] 5] 6] 7 ;ke/khy loZp

66

fo/kkukph iwoZpkp.khis{kk mRrj pkp.khr

pkaxyh izxrh >kyh-

rDrk Ø-2 ojhy iMrkGk lqpho#u la’kksf/kdsus fo|kF;kZaP;k ,dw.k la[;kiSdh fdrh VDds

fo|kFkhZ vkjksX; uhVusVds Bsorkr rs ikg.;klkBh VDdsokjh dk<yh vkgs rh

iq<hyizek.ks

fo/

kku

Ø

fo|

kFkhZ

la[;k

izfrlkn VDdsokjh

gk

s;

ukgh gks; ukg

h

1 40 30 10 75 25

2 40 32 06 80 20

3 40 30 10 75 25

4 40 28 10 70 30

5 40 32 08 80 20

6 40 30 01 75 25

7 40 32 08 80 20

67

1- ojhy rdR;ko#u vls fnlwu ;srs dh] fo/kku

¼1½ e/;s 25 fo|kF;kZauk leL;k ;srkr

2- fo/kku 2 e/;s 20VDds fo|kF;kZauk leL;k

;srkr


;srkr


;srkr


;srkr


;srkr


;srkr

ojhy rdR;ko#u vls y{kkr ;srs dh] 25VDds

fo|kF;kZapk izfrlkn vk<Gr ukgh

4-3 ekfgrhps vFkZfuoZpu

iwoZpkp.kh 1- rDrk Ø-1

;k rDR;ko#u la’kks/kdkl gs tk.kors dh]

fo/kku Ø-1 e/;s 30 fo|kF;kZauh cjkscj

lkafxrys o 10 fo|kF;kZauh lkafxrysp

68

ukgh- fo/kku Ø-2 e/;s 32 fo|kF;kZauh

cjkscj lkafxrys- ek= 8 fon~;kF;kZauk

lkaxrk vkys ukgh- fo/kku Ø-3 e/;s 10

fo|kF;kZauk lkaxrk vkys ukgh rj fo/kku

4e/;s 12 fo|kFkhZ ‘kkfjfjd LoPNrk jk[krk

;sr ukgh- fo/kku Ø-6 e/;s 10 o fo/kku Ø-

7 e/;s 8 fo|kFkhZ vkjksX; pkaxys Bsor

ukgh-

2- rDrk Ø-2;k rdR;ke/;s la’kksf/kdsus rDrk Ø-1 P;k

iMrkGk lqphph Vddsokjh dk<yh

vkgs- ;ke/;s vls fun’kZukl vkys dh] Ø-

1]2]3]4]5]7 e/;s ekfgrh lkafxrysyh

VDdsokjh vuqØes

75]80]75]70]80]75]70 v’kh vk<Grs o

vkRelkr u dssysyh VDdsokjh

25]20]25]30]20]20 ,o<h vkgs-

3- vkys[k Ø-1vkys[k Ø-1 e/;s ojhy loZ ekfgrh ,dk

n`”Vh{ksikr feGsy v’kh ekaM.kh dsyh

vkgs-

mRrjpkp.kh

69

1- rDrk Ø-3 ;k rdR;ko#u vls fun’kZukl

vkys dh] fo/kku Ø- 2]3]5]6]7 ;ke/;s loZ

fo|kF;kZauh 100VDds ekfgrh vkRelkr

dsyh vkgs- fo/kku Ø- 1 o 4 e/;s 95VDds

ekfgrh lkafxryh vkgs-

2- rDrk Ø-4 ;k rdR;ko#u la’kks/kdkl vls

fun’kZukl vkys dh] fo/kku

2]3]5]6]7 ;kauh 100VDds ekfgrh

vkRelkr dsyh vkgs- fo/kku 1e/;s

95VDds vkjksX;fo”k;d ekfgrh vkRelkr

dsyh vkgs-

3- vkys[k Ø-2

vkys[k Ø-2 e/;s vls fun’kZukl vkys dh]

ojhy loZ ekfgrh ,dk n`f”V{ksikr feGsy

v’kh ekaM.kh dsyh vkgs-

iwoZ pkp.kh o mRrj pkp.kh rqyuk1- rDrk 5

;k rdR;ko#u vls fnlwu ;srs dh] iwoZ

fufj{k.kkr o mRrj fufj{k.kkr fo|kF;kZauk

izfrlkn gks; fdaok ukgh ;kaph VDdsokjh

fnyh vkgs ;k rdR;kps fufj{k.k dsy;kl

iwoZ pkp.khis{kk mRrj pkp.khph

VDdsokjh vf/kd vkgs

70

2- vkys[k Ø-3vkys[k Ø-3 o#u vls y{kkr ;srs dh] ojhy

loZ ekfgrh ¼iqoZ pkp.kh o mRrj

pkp.kh rqyuk ½ ,dk n`f”V{ksikr feGsy

v’kh ekaM.kh dsyh vkgs- iwoZ pkp.kh

o mRrj pkp.kh ;kaP;k VDdsokjh ;k

vkys[kko#u vls y{kkr ;srs dh] iwoZ

pkp.khe/;s gks.kkÚ;k pqdk mRrj

pkp.khe/;s nwj >kY;k- 100VDds fo|

kF;kZaps vkjksX; lq/kkjsy- ;ko#u

lacaf/kr d`rh la’kks/kukrhy

mn~fn”Vkai;Zar tk.;kl vk[kysyh fn’kk

lkFkZ Bjrs gs jkcfoysY;k miØekps

ldkjkRed Qyhr vkgs-

71

izdj.k ikpos

lkjka’k] fu”d”kZ o f’kQkj’kh

5-1 izLrkouk

If wealth is lost

Something is lost

But health is lost

Everything is lost

^^vkjksX; Eg.kts dsoG jksx fdaok v’kDrrk

;kapk vHkko uOgs rj laiw.kZ ‘kkfjfjd o

ekufld lkekftd lqfLFkrh**

vkjksX; gh lq[kh thoukph xq#fdYyh vkgs-

vkjksX; laiknu dj.ks gk izR;sd ek.klkpk

ewyHkwr gDd vkgs- izR;sd O;Drhyk Lor

%P;k fodklklkBh lqn`< o fudksi eukph xjt

vlrs- R;klkBh lqn`< o fudksi ‘kjhjkph xjt

vlrs- ijarq l|k ek= O;Drhyk vkiY;k

‘kjhjkdMs ikg.;klkBh osG ukgh- ;k

lax.kdkP;k ;qxkr ekuo vkiY;k ‘kjhjkyk

iqjslk O;k;ke] iqjs’kk gkypkyhns[khy d#

‘kdr ukgh rlsp vkiY;k ifjlj LoPN o uhVusVds

72

Bso.ks gs ns[khy vkjksX;klkBh egRokps

vkgs

fuf’pr leL;k

^^Kkuke`r fo|ky; vacjukFk ;sFkhy

‘kkGsrhy b-5ohP;k fo|kF;kZaP;k

vkjksX;fo”k;d ;s.kkÚ;k leL;k nwj dj.;klkBh

miØekps vk;kstu

O;kIrh o e;kZnk

1- ftYgk & Bk.ks ftYg;kiqjrs e;kZfnr

2- rkyqdk & vacjukFk

3- ‘kgj & vacjukFk

4- ‘kkGk & Kkuke`r fo|ky;

5- b;Rrk & 5oh

6- fo”k; & vkjksX;fo”k;d leL;k

7- ‘kS{kf.kd o”kZ & 2010 & 2011

e;kZnk

lnj la’kks/ku Kkuke`r fo|ky;krhy b-5oh P;k

20 fo|kF;kZaiqjrs e;kZfnr vkgs

mfn~n”V;s

73

1-b-5ohP;k fo|kF;kZaP;k vkjksX;fo”k;d

leL;k ‘kks/k ?ks.ks

2-b-5ohP;k fo|kF;kZaP;k vkjksX;kckcr




leL;k nqj dj.;klkBh fofo/k miØe jkcfo.ks


jkcfoysY;k miØekaph ifj.kkedkjdrk

vH;k.ks

74

la’kks/kukph dk;Zi/nrh

1-U;kn’kZ

lnj la’kks/kukr fo”k; y{kkr ?ksrY;kuarj

20 fo|kF;kZapk U;kn’kZ fuoMyk

2-i/nrh


okij.;kr vkyh vkgs

3-uequk fuoM

lnj la’kks/kuklkBh lgsrqd U;kn’kZ

fuoM.;kr vkyk vkgs-

4-ekfgrh ladyukph lk/kus

izLrqr la’kks/kuklkBh eqyk[kr o fufj{k.k

ra= ;k lka/kukpk okij dj.;kr vkyk vkgs-

5-dk;Zokgh

la’kksf/kdsus loZizFke ‘kkGsrhy

eq[;k/;kidkaph ijokuxh ?ksÅu

f’k{kdkaph HksV ?ksryh o brj

la’kks/kdkyk miØefufeZrhlkBh ijokuxh

feGkY;koj b-5ohP;k fo|kF;kZaoj

fo”k;klanHkkZr fLFkrh tk.kwu ?ks.;klkBh

75

iwoZ fufj{k.k dsys- iwoZ fufj{k.kkrwu

la’kks/ku fo”k;klanHkkZr U;kn’kkZph

fuoM dsyh- U;kn’kkZn~okjs fuoMysY;k

fo|kF;kZaps mfn~n”Vkuqlkj cny ?

kMoqu vk.k.;klkBh iq<hy miØekaph

vaeyctko.kh dsyh-

v- vkjksX; fc?kkMkph dkj.ks y{kkr

vk.kwu ns.ks

c- vkjksX; pkaxys jk[k.;klkBh

vkjksX;fo”k;d ekfgrh ns.ks

d- ijhlj LoPNrspk miØe jkco.ks

M- lax.kdk}kjs vkjksX;fo”k;d LykbZMl

nk[kfo.ks

b- MkWDVjkaps O;k[;ku vk;ksftr dj.ks

bZ- fofo/k lalxZtU; jksxkafo”k;h ekghrh

ns.ks

5-2 fu”d”kZ

1- fo|kF;kZaP;k vkjksX;fo”k;dP;k leL;kapk

‘kks/k ?ksrk vkyk

2-vkjksX; fc?kkMkph dkj.ks fo|kF;kZaP;k

y{kkr vkyh

76

3-pkaxY;k vkjksX;kph ekfgrh feGkY;keqGs

fo|kFkhZ Lor%ps vkjksX; uhVusVds

jk[kw ykxys

4- fo|kFkhZ ifjlj LoPNrsP;k miØekr lgHkkxh

>kys

5- fo|kFkhZ ifjlj LoPNrsP;k miØekr lgHkkxh

>kys

6- fo|kFkhZ ‘kkfjfjd LoPNrk Bsorkr

5-3 f’kQkj’kh

5-3-1 eq[;k/;kidaklkBh f’kQkj’kh

1-izR;sd o”khZ fØMk Li/ksZps

vk;kstu dj.ks

2-nj lgk efgU;kauh vkjksX;

fpfdRld] us=fpfdRld dk;ZØe

Bso.ks

3-;ksx f’k{kdk}kjs fo|

kF;kZauk ;ksxkps egRo iVowu

ns.ks

4-fo|kF;kZaps ‘kkfjfjd rikl.khps

f’kfcj Bso.ks

77

5-b-5ohP;k oxkZizek.ks brj

oxkZlkBh ;k miØekph ;kstuk

dj.ks

5-3-2 f’k{kdkalkBh f’kQkj’kh

1-fo|kF;kZaph njjkst vkjksX;

rikl.kh dj.ks

2-fo|kF;kZadMwu njjkst oxZ LoPN]

fØMkax.k LoPNrk] ifjlj LoPN d#u

?ks.ks

3-fo|kF;kZauk ldl iks”kd vkgkjkph

ekfgrh ns.ks-

5-3-3 fo|kF;kZalkBh f’kQkj’kh

1-njjkst O;k;ke dj.ks

2- ‘kkfjfjd LoPNrk Bso.ks

3- ifjlj LoPN Bso.ks

4-nj efgU;kyk vkjksX; rikl.kh dj.ks

5-3-4 la’kks/kukph brj f’k{kdkalkBh

mi;ksfxrk

izR;sd d`rh la’kks/ku gs uarj

gks.kkÚ;k la’kks/kuklkBh

ekxZn’kZd B# ‘kdrs lnj

la’kks/kukn~okjs

78

1- vkiY;kyk vk.k[kh dks.krs miØe

jkcfork ;srhy ;kpk fopkj

dj.;klkBh ;k izdYikrqu izsj.kk

feGrs

2- ;k leL;sps vk.k[kh dks.kR;k

vMp.kh ;srkr ;klaca/kh ekfgrh

gksbZy

3- ;k izca/kkn~okjs la’kksf/kdsyk

vkysY;k vMp.khaoj

la’kksf/kdsus dsysy;k

mik;;kstuk vU; f’k{kdkauk

R;kaP;k leL;syk mi;ksxh iMrhy

5-3-5 iq<hy la’kks/kuklkBh lqpuk

1- ifjlj LoPNrsckcr ;s.kkÚ;k

vMp.khoj miØekaps vk;kstu

djrk ;s.ks ‘kD; gksbZy

2- eksB;k oxkZlkBh ns[khy leL;k

fuoMrk ;sbZy

3- la’kksf/kdkus dsysys la’kks/ku

gs QDr Kkuke`r fo|ky;kiqjrs

e;kZfnr vkgs ijarq ;k fo”k;kyk

79

vuql#u brj ‘kkGsr ns[khy v’kk

izdkjps la’kks/ku djrk ;sbZy

4- lnj la’kks/ku gs vkjksX;

fo”k;d ;s.kkÚ;k fo|kF;kZaP;k

leL;akoj dsysys vkgs rlsp vusd

nqlÚ;k fo|kF;kZauk ;s.kkÚ;k

leL;k lksMfo.;klkBhgh ;k

la’kks/kukpk mi;ksx gksbZy

5- gs la’kks/ku b-5ohP;k oxkZoj

>kysys vkgs gs la’kks/ku brj

oxkZojgh djrk ;sbZy

6- izLrqr la’kks/ku gs ‘kgjh

Hkkxkrhy vkgs rs rqEgh

xzkeh.k Hkkxkrgh jkcow ‘kdrk

80

iwoZ pkp.kh fufj{k.k lwwphv-Ø

fo|kF;kZaph ukos

vkjksX; fc?kkMkph dkj.ks lakxk

vkjksX; fc?kkMkph dkj.ks lakxk

vkjksX; fo”k;h ekfgrh ns.k

LoPNrsP;k miØekr lgHkkx

MksG;kaph fuxk jk[k.ks

LoPN diMs ?kky.ks

‘kkfjfjd LoPNrk jk[k.ks

gsk;

ukgh

gsk;

ukgh

gks;

ukgh

gsk;

ukgh

gks;

ukgh

gsk;

ukgh

gks;

ukgh

1 Hkxr oS’kkyh xksikG

2 fctxqMs uezrk lat;

3 HkaMkjh dksey ukuk

4 HkksbZj efgek jfoanz

5 HkksbZj fu’kk larks”k

6 pkan.ks vkjrh fHkdk

7 pOgk.k vf’ouh fd’kksj

8 pksGsdj jfouk izdk’k

9 pksGsdj #fprk dUgS;k

10 pksGsdj d`frdk fot;

11 nGoh iz.kkyh tkuw

12 xk;dokM lk;yh larks”k

13 xk;dokM o`”kkyh jes’k

14 pkS/kjh #fpjk v’kksd

15 xksrekjs fiz;adk fnyhi

16 tk/ko dkapu eksgu

17 tk/ko rsty lqjs’k

18 tk/ko usgk uanw

19 dsnkj fiz;k fnid

81

20 dqjs'kh uktuhu eqDdnj

21 [kkdjs dksey lek/kku

22 [kkMhd dksey nRrk

23 felkG vafdrk ;’koar

24 fude ,s’o;kZ lfpu

25 izfo.k v’kksd ikVhy

26 dksYgsdj jksfgr fo”.kw

27 ikVhy Lojkt28 v{k; nxMw

f’kans29 rq"kkj panj

f’kdsZ30 lkghy

lksuVDds31 lehj ‘ks[k32 luh nRrk

js.kwds

82

mRrj fufj{k.k lwph

v-

Ø

fo|kF;kZaph

ukos

vkjks

X; fc?

kkMk

ph

dkj.ks

lakxk

vkjksX

; fc?

kkMkp

h

dkj.ks

lakxk

vkjksX

;

fo”k;h

ekfgrh

ns.k

LoPNr

sP;k

miØek

r

lgHkk

x

MksG;

kaph

fuxk

jk[k.k

s

LoPN

diMs ?

kky.ks

‘kkfjfj

d

LoPNr

k

jk[k.k

s

g

s

k;

uk

g

h

gs

k;

uk

gh

gk

s;

uk

gh

gs

k;

uk

gh

g

ks

;

uk

gh

gs

k;

uk

gh

g

ks

;

uk

gh

1 Hkxr oS’kkyh xksikG

2 fctxqMs uezrk lat;

3 HkaMkjh dksey ukuk

4 HkksbZj efgek jfoanz

5 HkksbZj fu’kk larks”k

6 pkan.ks vkjrh fHkdk

7 pOgk.k vf’ouh fd’kksj

8 pksGsdj jfouk izdk’k

9 pksGsdj #fprk dUgS;k

10 pksGsdj d`frdk fot;

11 nGoh iz.kkyh tkuw

12 xk;dokM lk;yh larks”k

13 xk;dokM o`”kkyh jes’k

14 pkS/kjh #fpjk v’kksd

15 xksrekjs fiz;adk fnyhi

16 tk/ko dkapu eksgu

17 tk/ko rsty lqjs’k 18 izfo.k v’kksd

83

ikVhy19 dksYgsdj jksfgr

fo”.kw

20 ikVhy Lojkt 21 v{k; nxMw

f’kans

22 rq"kkj panj f’kdsZ

23 lkghy lksuVDds 24 lehj ‘ks[k 25 luh nRrk

js.kwds

26 ikVhy ladrs 27 cfgjs iznhi

n’kjFk

84

eqyk[kr lwph ¼f’k{kdkaph½

1- rqeps uko dk;\

2- rqeph ‘kS{kf.kd vgZrk fdrh vkgs\

3- rqEgh dks.kR;k lkykiklqu ;k ‘kkGsr dk;Zjr

vkgkr\

4- rqepk b-5ohyk f’kdo.;kpk fdrh o”kkZpk

vuqHko vkgs\

5- rqEgkyk fo|kF;kZauk ^ifjlj vH;kl* gk fo”k;

f’kdorkauk dks.kR;k vMp.kh ;srkr\

6- fo|kFkhZ rqeP;k v/;kiukyk fdrh izfrlkn

nsrkr\

7- fo|kF;kZeqGs vkjksX;fo”k;d leL;k tk.kor

vlY;kus rqEgh R;kauk d’kkizdkjs

ekxZn’kZu djrk\

8- fo|kF;kZauk ;k leL;siklqu nqj dj.;klkBh

rqEgh dkgh miØe jkcforkr dk\

9- fo|kF;kZar vkjksX;fo”k;d tkx`rrk fuekZ.k

gks.;klkBh rqEgh ^vkjksX;fnu* lktjk djrk

dk\

10- rqEgh fo|kF;kZaph vkjksX; rikl.kh djrk

dk\

85

11- fo|kF;kZaph ‘kkfjfjd LoPNrk jkstP;k

jkst rikl.kh dsyh dk\

12- vkjksX; rikl.kh o”kkZrqu fdrh osGk

djrkr\

13- ;ke/;s lokZf/kd fo|kF;kZe/;s

vkjksX;fo”k;d dks.krh leL;k tk.kors\

14- ;klkBh rqEgh fo|kF;kZauk dks.krs

ekxZn’kZu djrk\

15- vkjksX;fo”k;d Kku v|kor Bso.;klkBh

rqEgh dks.kdks.krs iz;Ru djrk\

miØekaph ;knh

1-vkjksX; fc?kkMkph dkj.ks y{kkr vk.kwu

ns.ks

2-vkjksX; pkaxys jk[k.;klkBh vkjksX;fo”k;d

ekfgrh ns.ks

3- ifjlj LoPNrsps miØe jkcfo.ks

4-MkWDVjkaps O;k[;ku vk;ksftr dj.ks

5- fofo/k lalxZtU; jksxkfo”k;h ekfgrh ns.ks

6- fofo/k fp=s rDrs nk[kowu fofo/k

vktkjkafo”k;h ekfgrh ns.ks

86

mRrj lqph

1- Jh- fOg-,u-tks’kh

2- ch-,-] ch-,M~

3- 18 tqu] 1996

4- 2 o”kZ

5- vMp.kh FkksM;k izek.kkr tk.korkr- fo|

kFkhZ njjkst vkiY;k ‘kkfjfjd LoPNrsfo”k;h

ekfgrh tk.kqu ?ksr ukgh

6- pkaxY;k izek.kkr nsrkr

7- u[ks dki.ks] dsl dki.ks ;kalkj[;k xks”Vh

iqUgk iqUgk lkaxkO;k ykxrkr- iks”kd

vkgkjkckcr ekfgrh ns.ks

8- ‘kkfjfjd vo;okph ekfgrh fp=k}kjs fo|

kF;kZauk ‘kkfjfjd vo;okph ekfgrh]

[ksGk}kjs ‘kjhjkph ekfgrh

9- gks;

10- nj ‘kfuokjh vkjksX; rikl.kh dsyh tkrs

11- gks;

12- nj lgk efgU;kauh v’kh o”kkZrqu

nksunk gksrs

13- diMs vLoPN vl.ks] u[ks o dsl dki.ks

88

14- R;klkBh fo|kF;kZauk ‘kkfjfjd

LoPNrsfo”k;h ekfgrh nsrkr

15- fo|kF;kZauk vkjksX; lq/kkj.;klkBh

miØe jkcow

89

iwoZ miØe vkdMsokjh rDrk

fo/

kku

Ø

fo|

kFkhZ

la[;k

izfrlkn VDdsokjh

gk

s;

ukgh gks; ukg

h

1 40 30 10 75 25

2 40 32 06 80 20

3 40 30 10 75 25

4 40 28 10 70 30

5 40 32 08 80 20

6 40 30 01 75 25

7 40 32 08 80 20

mRrj miØe Vddsokjh rDrk

fo/

kku

Ø

fo|

kFkhZ

la[;k

izfrlkn VDdsokjh

gk

s;

ukgh gks; ukg

h

1 20 19 01 95 5

2 20 20 00 100

3 20 20 00 100

4 20 20 00 100

5 20 20 00 100

6 20 20 00 100

90

7 20 20 00 100

91

la'kks/kukrhy tula[;k ¼U;kn’kZ½

v-Ø fo|kF;kZaph ukos1 Hkxr oS’kkyh xksikG2 fctxqMs uezrk lat;3 HkaMkjh dksey ukuk4 HkksbZj efgek jfoanz5 HkksbZj fu’kk larks”k6 pkan.ks vkjrh fHkdk7 pOgk.k vf’ouh fd’kksj8 pksGsdj jfouk izdk’k9 pksGsdj #fprk dUgS;k10 pksGsdj d`frdk fot;11 nGoh iz.kkyh tkuw12 xk;dokM lk;yh larks”k13 xk;dokM o`”kkyh jes’k14 pkS/kjh #fpjk v’kksd15 xksrekjs fiz;adk fnyhi16 tk/ko dkapu eksgu17 tk/ko rsty lqjs’k18 izfo.k v’kksd ikVhy19 dksYgsdj jksfgr fo”.kw20 ikVhy Lojkt21 v{k; nxMw f’kans22 rq"kkj panj f’kdsZ23 lkghy lksuVDds24 lehj ‘ks[k25 luh nRrk js.kwds26 ikVhy ladrs 27 cfgjs iznhi n’kjFk

92

v’kk izdkjs la’kksf/kdsus la’kk/kuklkBh

20 U;kn’kZ fuoMysys vkgsr

93

iwoZ pkp.kh fufj{k.kkpk vkys[k

mRrj pkp.kh fufj{k.k vkys[k

94

Project Pournima

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