Project Management Tools

MHA 6350

Dr. Burton

How Hillary looks upon a crook vs. how Hillary looks upon an American hero:

Tools

• GANTT Charts

• PERT/CPM

GANTT CHARTS

• Developed by Charles Gantt in 1917.• The layout of a Gantt Chart uses

information in columns on the left of a matrix to identify tasks, task managers, duration and in some cases cost.

• To the right of each task in the matrix is a bar that denotes to duration of the task.

• Project management software employs Gantt charts.

Project: Constructing a Home

Task (Activity)

(a) Excavating

(b) Pour Foundation

c) Outside Plumbing

(d) Framing

(e) Inside Plumbing

(f) Wiring

(g) Roofing

(h) Brickwork

(i) Plumbing Inspection

(j) Shingling

(k) Cover Walls

(l) Interior Finishing

(m) Exterior Finishing

(n) Landscaping

Project: Constructing a HomeTask (Activity) Preceding

ActivityExpected time to complete

(a) Excavating -- 5 days

(b) Pour Foundation a 2

c) Outside Plumbing a 6

(d) Framing b 12

(e) Inside Plumbing d 10

(f) Wiring d 9

(g) Roofing d 5

(h) Brickwork b 9

(i) Plumbing Inspection c, e 1

(j) Shingling g 2

(k) Cover Walls f, i, j 3

(l) Interior Finishing k 9

(m) Exterior Finishing h, g 7

(n) Landscaping m 8

Project: Constructing a HomeTask (Activity)

(a) Excavating

(b) Pour Foundation

c) Outside Plumbing

(d) Framing

(e) Inside Plumbing

(f) Wiring

(g) Roofing

(h) Brickwork

(i) Plumbing Inspection

(j) Shingling

(k) Cover Walls

(l) Interior Finishing

(m) Exterior Finishing

(n) Landscaping

10/5 10/10 10/15 10/20 10/25 10/30 11/4 11/9 11/14 11/19 11/24 11/29

Examples Linkshttp://www.smartdraw.com/examples/view/index.aspx?catID=.Examples.SmartDraw.Gantt_Charts%2c_Project_Charts_%26_Timelines.Gantt_Charts

http://www.ganttchart.com/

13-28

1

3

4

5

6

2

12

3

4

5

7

1110

8

9

6

7

8 9

10

11

12

13

14

15

16

Program Evaluation and Review Technique(PERT)

May also be referred to as:

Critical Path Method (CPM)

Developed in the late 50s by the Navy.Was used the Polaris program for submarined launched ballistic missiles.Originally adopted by the Department of Defense for large projects.Later was adopted by construction industry.

PERT uses work groupings called activities.Activities are measured in time.Each activity is represented by an arrow.

Project: Constructing a Home

Task (Activity) Preceding Activity Expected time to complete

(a) Excavating -- 5 days

(b) Pour Foundation a 2

c) Outside Plumbing a 6

(d) Framing b 12

(e) Inside Plumbing d 10

(f) Wiring d 9

(g) Roofing d 5

(h) Brickwork b 9

(i) Plumbing Inspection c, e 1

(j) Shingling g 2

(k) Cover Walls f, i, j 3

(l) Interior Finishing k 9

(m) Exterior Finishing h, g 7

(n) Landscaping m 8

3 4

5

6

2 8

7

1

9

10 11

Outside plumbing

Source: Lapin, 1994

Start

aExcavating

A PERT network for constructing a home.

Inside plumbing

Plumbing inspection

FINISH

bFoundation

dFraming

fWiring

kWalls

lInteriorFinish

h 9

Brickwork

Roof- ing

Landscaping

ExteriorFinishing 7 m

0

j 2

Shingling

n 8

5 2 12 9 3 9

c 6

e 10

i 1

g 5

3 4

5

6

2 8

7

1

9

10 11

Outside plumbing

Source: Lapin, 1994

Start

aExcavating

A PERT network for constructing a home.

Inside plumbing

Plumbing inspection

FINISH

bFoundation

dFraming

fWiring

kWalls

lInteriorFinish

h 9

Brickwork

Roof- ing

Landscaping

ExteriorFinishing 7 m

0

j 2

Shingling

n 8

5 2 12 9 3 9

c 6

e 10

i 1

g 5

Dummy Activity

3 4

5

6

2 8

7

1

9

10 11

Outside plumbing

Source: Lapin, 1994

Start

aExcavating

A PERT network for constructing a home.

Inside plumbing

Plumbing inspection

FINISH

bFoundation

dFraming

fWiring

kWalls

lInteriorFinish

h 9

Brickwork

Roof- ing

Landscaping

ExteriorFinishing 7 m

0

j 2

Shingling

n 8

5 2 12 9 3 9

c 6

e 10

i 1

g 5

0

5

29

7 19

11TE Earliest Possible Event Time

3 4

5

6

2 8

7

1

9

10 11

Outside plumbing

Source: Lapin, 1994

Start

aExcavating

A PERT network for constructing a home.

Inside plumbing

Plumbing inspection

FINISH

bFoundation

dFraming

fWiring

kWalls

lInteriorFinish

h 9

Brickwork

Roof- ing

Landscaping

ExteriorFinishing 7 m

0

j 2

Shingling

n 8

5 2 12 9 3 9

c 6

e 10

i 1

g 5

0

5

29

7 19 30

24

2826

3 4

5

6

2 8

7

1

9

10 11

Outside plumbing

Source: Lapin, 1994

Start

aExcavating

A PERT network for constructing a home.

Inside plumbing

Plumbing inspection

FINISH

bFoundation

dFraming

fWiring

kWalls

lInteriorFinish

h 9

Brickwork

Roof- ing

Landscaping

ExteriorFinishing 7 m

0

j 2

Shingling

n 8

5 2 12 9 3 9

c 6

e 10

i 1

g 5

0

5

42

7 19 30

24

1624

31

33

39

Project: Constructing a HomeTask (Activity) Preceding Activity Expected time to complete

(a) Excavating -- 5 days

(b) Pour Foundation a 2

c) Outside Plumbing a 6

(d) Framing b 12

(e) Inside Plumbing d 10

(f) Wiring d 9

(g) Roofing d 5

(h) Brickwork b 9

(i) Plumbing Inspection c, e 1

(j) Shingling g 2

(k) Cover Walls f, i, j 3

(l) Interior Finishing k 9

(m) Exterior Finishing h, g 7

(n) Landscaping m 8

FINISH TOTAL 42 days

3 4

5

6

2 8

7

1

9

10 11

Outside plumbing

Source: Lapin, 1994

Start

aExcavating

A PERT network for constructing a home.

Inside plumbing

Plumbing inspection

FINISH

bFoundation

dFraming

fWiring

kWalls

lInteriorFinish

h 9

BrickworkRoof- ing

Landscaping

ExteriorFinishing 7 m

0

j 2 Shingling

n 8

5 2 12 9 3 9

c 6

e 10

i 1

g 5

0

5

29

7 19

24

24

31

30 33

42

CRITICAL PATH 29

TL Latest Allowable Event Times

42

Backwards PassSubtract each activity from succeeding TLWhere event is beginning pointfor more than one activity use the smallest difference.

33301975

0

34

27

27

3 4

5

6

2 8

7

1

9

10 11

Outside plumbing

Source: Lapin, 1994

Start

aExcavating

A PERT network for constructing a home.

Inside plumbing

Plumbing inspection

FINISH

bFoundation

dFraming

fWiring

kWalls

lInteriorFinish

h 9

BrickworkRoof- ing

Landscaping

ExteriorFinishing 7 m

0

j 2 Shingling

n 8

5 2 12 9 3 9

c 6

e 10

i 1

g 5

0

5

29

719

24

24

31

30 3342

CRITICAL PATH29

Event Slack Times = TL - TE

423330

197

5

0

34

27

27TL

3

TE

3

3

000

0

0

00

0

Planning and ControlActivity Scheduling

• ES=Early Start Time = TE for preceding event.

• EF=Early Finishing Time = ES + t

• LF=Late Finishing Time = TL for succeeding event.

• LS=Late Start Time = LF - t

Limits for Scheduling

(a) Excavating 5 0 0 5 5

(b) Pour Foundation 2 5 5 7 7

c) Outside Plumbing 6 5 23 11 29

(d) Framing 12 7 7 19 19

(e) Inside Plumbing 10 19 19 29 29

(f) Wiring 9 19 21 28 30

(g) Roofing 5 19 22 24 27

(h) Brickwork 9 7 18 16 27

(i) Plumbing Inspection 1 29 29 30 30

(j) Shingling 2 24 28 26 30

(k) Cover Walls 3 30 30 33 33

(l) Interior Finishing 9 33 33 42 42

(m) Exterior Finishing 7 24 27 31 34

(n) Landscaping 8 31 34 39 42

Activity t

Starting Times Finishing Times ES LS EF LF Preceding TE LF – t ES + t Succeeding TL

Activity Slack time = LF - EF.

(a) Excavating 5 5 0

(b) Pour Foundation 7 7 0

c) Outside Plumbing 29 11 18

(d) Framing 19 19 0

(e) Inside Plumbing 29 29 0

(f) Wiring 30 28 2

(g) Roofing 27 24 3

(h) Brickwork 27 16 11

(i) Plumbing Inspection 30 30 0

(j) Shingling 30 26 4

(k) Cover Walls 33 33 0

(l) Interior Finishing 42 42 0

(m) Exterior Finishing 34 31 3

(n) Landscaping 42 39 3

Activity

Finishing Time

Activity Slack TimeLF EF