Project Guideline Monograph- 27march10

8/3/2019 Project Guideline Monograph- 27march10

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PREFACE

This monograph is designed as an introductory guideline handbook on management research.Research is a continuous and creative process and requires the knowledge of research

methodology to begin with. Several research studies in the form of projects, papers or

dissertations are undertaken and accomplished, but, in most cases very little attention is paid toan important dimension relating to research, viz., that of research methodology. Research

Methodology is an interesting but complex area of study. This monograph is an attempt to

simplify the methodological part for research students and also to develop the research outlook.

Keeping all this in view, the present booklet has been focused to achieve the research objectives

of research students and guide them throughout the process till writing the report.

Management research has three predominant approaches. First, there is quantitative empirical

approach in which the design provides for obtaining data and treating data by rigorous statistical

analyses. Second, the mathematical modeling approaches use mainly logical thinking and

operations research models in decision- making situation. The third approach is the qualitativeanalysis. This monograph booklet attempts to integrate all three approaches and present it in a

simpler way to the research students.

This monograph covers all points of a scientific research report. It is divided into mainly three

parts: Firstly, Preliminary Section which covers all the contents as to the preliminary pages of the

research report. Secondly, the Main Body which covers all the major aspects of research as toproblem/ issues, literature review, research methodology used and analysis with conclusions. The

third, Reference Section covers bibliography and appendices.

We will feel amply rewarded if the book proves helpful in carrying out genuine research studies

for the student community at large. We look forward to suggestions from all readers, especiallyfrom experienced researchers and scholars for further improvisation and simplification of thesubject content.

Authors: Dr. V S Mangnale


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ACKNOWLEDGMENTS

We take this opportunity as privilege to express our respect and deep sense of gratitude to Prof.M N Navale, Honble Founder President, Dr. (Mrs.) S M Navale, Secretary, The Sinhgad

Technical Education Society, Pune for their encouragement, valuable guidance for completing

this monograph.

We also wish to express a special thanks to all teaching and non- teaching staff members, the

Sinhgad Institute of Business Administration & Research, Pune for their support. The support isgratefully acknowledged.

SIBAR expects the students and instructs to use this monograph as a guideline for research

projects and other forms of research work. We hope that both the instructors and the studentswill find the monograph useful and helpful.

Any comments or suggestions to add value are welcome and may be mailed to the authors at

.. (Dr. V S Mangnale, Director, SIBAR)

Authors:

.

.


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CONTENTS

Particulars

Introduction

Objectives of the MonographResearch Project Format

A. Preliminary Section

B. Main Body

C. Reference Section


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INTRODUCTION

Dear Students,

You are required to undergo SUMMER INTERNSHIP/ TRAINING

PROGRAMME for 50 days in a business organization, in an area of your chosen specialization,as per the requirement of the course curriculum of Pune University for Masters Degree.

You will be required to choose a topic and do research work on the same in the company underthe guidance of your Internal Project Guide (from the Institute) and the Guide in the company.

The research project to be done:

You are required to note the following points before you start the training:

This is a compulsory assignment and carries 100 marks

You are required to undertake a short research assignment focused on a particular topic

related to your specialization and not supposed to do a general study.

If there are two or more students doing the project in the same company, then thosestudents should make sure that they are not working on the same topics. [Project titles

must be different. The topics must be different in such a case.]

Preferably you should carry out the research with the help of a questionnaire, as per the

university requirements. However, it may not be necessary in rare cases, depending on

the nature of the topic.

Do a genuine and quality work as this subject may help you to earn good marks; and your

Summer Training Project/ Internship work also looked as a base of industrial experience

at the time of placements for fresher candidates.

You are also required to preserve the data collected, filled up questionnaires, or any

related documents and information till the viva voce.

This Summer Training / Internships are made a part of your Masters programme with followingobjectives:

To create awareness about current business environment by industrial exposure.

To learn about the link as well as gap between classroom knowledge and actual work

situations.

To understand functioning of business organizations, functioning of various departmentsat various levels in the organization.

To understand the current status of the organization.

To create awareness about various functional problems or issues faced by businessorganizations and to learn to find meaningful solutions for them with the help of

managerial knowledge and skills.

You are required to submit a project report based on your study of particular problem in a

specific business organization based on your understanding and observations during the summer

training period. The project report is a serious document and is to be written in a scientificmanner in line with the guidelines provided. Your research project report is a mirror of your

efforts made in period of 50 days and much more.


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Objectives of the Monograph:

To achieve the research objectives of research students and guide them throughout the

process till writing the report.

To introduce students to the carrying out scientific research

To guide them for collecting secondary and primary data To introduce them to the various techniques of data analysis

To guide them for concluding the study

To help students to write a good report of the research so conducted by them.

Research Project Format:

The research project which you are required to carry out is expected to be based on more of

primary data. It is divided into mainly three parts: Firstly, Preliminary Section which covers all

the contents as to the preliminary pages of the research report. Secondly, the Main Body which

covers all the major aspects of research as to problem/ issues, literature review, research

methodology used and analysis with conclusions. The third, Reference Section coversbibliography and appendices.

This monograph gives a clear guideline as to formulation of objectives of project, collection of

data, analysis, etc., as said in the above paragraph. The students are required to strictly adhere to

the guidelines for carrying out the research as well as writing the report.


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PRELIMINARY

SECTION


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A. Preliminary Section

The preliminary section contains formal documents like certificates, declaration, etc. It gives thereader an idea about the title, contents of the topic of the research project and the format of the

required documents to be attached. This section contains the following:

1. Title Page

2. Certificate of from Industry

3. Certificate from the Institute [Directors Certificate]

4. Acknowledgments (if any)

5. Declaration by the student

6. Abstract / Executive Summary

7. Table of Contents

8. List of Tables (if any)

9. List of Figures (if any)

The above order of the contents should be maintained while preparing the report.

The page numbers for this section have to be written in Roman small alphabets,

(eg. xi) and must be written at the bottom of the page in center.


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1. FORMAT FOR TITLE PAGE

INSTRUCTIONS AS TO TITLE PAGE:

A

PROJECT REPORT

ON

..(TITLE)..

AT

..NAME OF THE COMPANY.

(PLACE)

SUBMITTED TO

PUNE UNIVERSITY

In Partial Fulfillment of Requirements

for the Award of Requirement of

Masters of Business Administration

BY..NAME OF STUDENT

[eg. Amit Kumar Sharma]

MBA- III

Roll No

PROJECT GUIDE

.NAME

ACADEMIC YEAR 2009-2011

SINHGAD INSTITUTE OF BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION &

RESEARCH

KONDHWA, PUNE- 48


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Title page/ Front Cover: The front cover shall contain the following details embossed in

Golden Colour.

Top : The Title of the project, and name of the organization in the block capitals

of 6mm size letters properly centered.

Center: Submitted to Pune University , by _______(full name of the candidate)

with course specification and year of submission, in Block Capitals of 3mm size

letters, properly centered.

Bottom: Sinhgad Institute of Business Administration & Research

S.No. 40/4A + 4B/ 1, Near PMC Octroi Post, Kondhwa- Saswad Road,Kondhwa(Bk), Pune- 411048

(All in Block capitals of 3mm size letters in separate lines with spacing

and properly centered.)

1. Name of the company must be written exactly as it appears on the certificate issued bythe company

2. Title of the research topic must be also exactly same as it is mentioned in the certificateand all other inner pages of the report.

3. Name of the project guide must be written in capital letters.

4. Name of the institute must also be written in capital letters with address.


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2. Certificate of the concerned company.

(As per the individual company format to be printed on original letterhead of the company)

CERTIFICATE FROM THE COMPANY

This certificate is to be obtained on original letterhead of the company by the project student

where he/ she carried out project work. Following points must be considered while obtaining

the certificate:

1. it has to be printed on the original letterhead of the company.

2. It must have a correct mention of the title of the project topic.

3. It must bear the signature of the Head of the Department under which the student hasundergone the project study.

4. It must mention the correct duration with dates of the project done by the student.

5. It must bear the seal of the company.


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3. Certificate of the Institute shall be in the following format:

CERTIFICATE

This is to certify that __________________(Name of the student in Italics) student of

SINHGAD INSTITUTE OF BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION & RESEARCH, Pune has

completed his/ her summer training at ___________________(Name of the organization in

Bold)on the topic of ___________(Name of the topic in Capital & Italic) and has submitted the

Summer Training Project Report in partial fulfillment of _____(course name) of the

UNIVERSITY OF PUNE for the academic year_____( mention year).

He/she has worked under our guidance and direction. The said report is based onbonafide information.

PROJECT GUIDE NAME DR. V S MANGNALE

Designation Director

Date:-

Place:-

Instructions as to Certificate from the Institution:

Certificate should be printed on original college letterhead.

Title and Main body will be separated by two lines.

For main body spacing of 1.5 between the adjacent lines.

The blank spaces will have respective data in italics and bold as mentioned at the places. Name of the company and the topic must be mentioned correctly.

Name of the topic to be written in capital and in Italic.

Name of the Director and the project guide should be correctly spelled and written in

capital letters.


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4. ACKNOWLEDEMENTS

Please take a note of following while preparing Acknowledgement:

Title and Main body will be separated by two lines.

For main body spacing of 1.5 between the adjacent lines.

Unless you credit elsewhere, mention diligently the names of persons and organizations

that have helped you in the production of the report.

The students should make sure to spell the names properly and include the designationscarefully.

If there were half a dozen colleagues in the department of the company with whom the

student interacted during the course of the project work, it is not mandatory to name eachone of them. It could be more appropriate to thank the team as a whole for their support

and guidance.

The acknowledgement should be of a single page length only.


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5. DECLARATION:

It is necessary for a student to declare that his/her project work is original. The following is the

format for the same.

SINHGAD INSTITUTE OF BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION

AND RESEARCH, KONDHWA (BK)

DECLARATIONI herby declare that the project titled _______________________ is an original piece of

research work carried out by me under the guidance and supervision of

_____________________ (Name of the Guide). The information has been collected from

genuine & authentic sources. The work has been submitted in partial fulfillment of the

requirement of _____________(Name of Course) to Pune University.

Place: Signature:

Date: Name of the student


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6. Executive Summary

Executive summary is a gist of the project work presented in not more than 250 words.

The executive summary is expected to provide answers to some key questions mentionedbelow.

What did you do it?

Why did you do it?

It gives the substance of the report. In fact, a summary presents the reports in a nutshell,

without any illustrations and explanations.

Since it will be summary of what you yourself have written, it may be better to preparethe abstract/ summary directly from the outline or the table of contents, without getting

entangled in the text, and then to check it with the main body of the report. This

procedure will give you a better sense of balance and perspective.

The Executive Summary will not read more than two pages.


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7. Table of Contents/ Index (with page no.s)

The Table of contents may look like as under:

TABLE OF CONTENTS

CHAPTER I INTRODUCTION

1.1 Introduction of the topic

1.2 Statement of the problem

1.3 Objectives of the study

1.4 Significance of the study1.5 Limitations and future scope

1.6 Hypothesis

CHAPTER IICONCEPT & METHODOLOGY2.1 Concepts relating to study topic

2.2 Methodology Details- Description of Research Design and Procedures used2.3 Sources of Data

2.4 Sampling Procedures

2.5 Methods and Instruments of Data Gathering

2.6 Statistical Tools for data analysis

CHAPTER III Organizational Profile

3.1 About the organization

3.2 Vision, Mission of the organization

3.3 Historical background of the organization3.4 Different Departments of the organization

3.5 Different product profile of the organization

3.6 Organizational Structure/ chart.3.7 Current status of the organization

3.8 Future plans of the organization

3.9 Awards and achievements by the organization

3.10 Any other relevant information of the organization

CHAPTER IV Data Analysis

4.1 Graphical / Tabular representation of data analysis

CHAPTER V Summary and Conclusions

5.1 Summary of study

5.2 Major findings (reject or fail to reject Hypothesis)

5.3 Conclusions5.4 Suggestions or Recommendations


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8. LIST OF TABLES (if any )

For example:

LIST OF TABLES

TABLE NO. TITLE OF THE TABLE PAGE NO.

Table no. 1.1

Table no. 1.2

Table no. 2.1

Table no. 2.2

Table no. 3.1

Table no. 3.2

Table no. 4.1

Table no. 4.2

Table no. 5.1Table no. 5.2

Tables may be more or less depending upon the tables included in each chapter

9. LIST OF FIGURES (if any)

For example:

LIST OF FIGURES

TABLE NO. TITLE OF THE FIGURE PAGE NO.

Figure no. 1.1

Figure no. 1.2

Figure no. 2.1

Figure no. 2.2

Figure no. 3.1

Figure no. 3.2

Figure no. 4.1

Figure no. 4.2

Figure no. 5.1

Figure no. 5.2

Figures may be more or less depending upon the figure in drawn/ used/ included in each chapter.


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MAIN BODY


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B. MAIN BODY

1. INTRODUCTION:

1.1. Introduction is the first chapter of the project report through which the researcher

introduces the research topic to the readers. The main function is to say what the report is

about, what work has already been done on the subject and what new grounds arecovered in the present study.

Since the introduction sets the scene and prepares the reader for what is to follow, takeutmost care in writing it. It should be object oriented and must be clear. The introduction

to a report states in a forthright manner what you are going to discuss and does not admit

of any vagueness. Thus, the Introductory chapter should cover following points:

o Basic Theoretical concepts

o Statement of the problem & Significance of the problem

o Objective of your study, i.e. Purpose of you choosing the topic

o Statement of Hypothesiso Scope of your study & Limitations

o Definitions of terms used and symbols.

Basic Theoretical Concepts: Here you shall mention the basic theoretical concepts of the

topic of study.

Objectives: While writing the objectives of the study, a general review of how the

problem arises is presented along with the specific objectives of the project under study.

1.2 Statement of the problem:

Here the researcher is expected to state about the issue/ problem he has investigated

through his research and following points can be taken in to consideration while writing it:* The problem should be presented clearly and briefly

* Statement of problem must emerge from the need of conducting the study.

* It should be related to the objective of the study* It should be eye view of the project

* It should be in inverted commas.

1.3 Objectives of the report

A project report has two types of objectives, primary and secondary. The primary objective is

the main purpose of the study and to answer this objective you require to get answers of

some supporting questions, which are called secondary objective. There should be minimumfive to six objectives, which should be answered in the conclusions.

1.4 Significance of the study:

Here the student is expected to write:

Why he/ she conducted this study

Sources of key originating research


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The selected problem in the theoretical context of the concerned discipline should be

specified.

1.5 Limitations and future scope:

Scope: Scope of your study must mention the topical, functional as well as geographical

scope of your study.

1.6 Hypothesis:

Hypothesis: A little detail explanation is required about writing Hypothesis. Students

must note that Hypothesis is nothing but a mere assumption or some supposition to be

proved or disproved by putting it to a test. Or Hypothesis is a tentative generalization- thevalidity of which remains to be tested.

Hypothesis should be clear and less in number. It should be simple and

limited in scope. It must be a testable statement, e.g.,

Employees who receive training and counseling show a greater increase in creativity and

productivity than employees who do not receive training and counseling.

Such a statement can be objectively tested and verified.

Please note that forming a hypothesis is optional about summer project research.

This introductory chapter may run 5-6 pages.


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CHAPTER II RESEARCH METHODOLOGY:

2.1. Concepts relating to study topics:

Students may clarify any specific concepts about their research study topic in thischapter.

2.2 Methodology Details

Research is a process and series of actions or steps necessary to effectively carry out

research. A good research would always require researchers contribute in terms of

energy, time and money. This chapter includes following points:

Details regarding the different methodology used in terms conceptual data will be

included in this. If possible appropriate reason of usage of a methodology should be

mentioned.

Research plan, Design, i.e. in simple words, how you would carry out the research?

2.3 Sources of Data:

Methods of Data collection used for the project: You are required to collect differenttypes of data for the project and it should be mentioned specifically. Data can be collected

through two sources:

a. Primary Data :-

The first hand information which has been collected by the researcher or his agent iscalled Primary Data

The Primary data are those which are collected afresh and for the first time, and thus

happens to be original in character.

2.4 Sampling procedures:

To minimize the cost, time and repetition, a representative sample is chosen for the study.Sampling is the process which helps to select an appropriate sample which minimizes error in

study.

Sampling is carried out on a definite population and hence you must define population with

reference to your project. Also, you must specify sampling unit and sample size. Sampling

procedure should be defined. You must give a brief explanation for choosing a specificsample population, unit, sample size and sample selection technique used.

Defining the target population.


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The entire consideration of items from which sample is selected is called the population. A

clear definition of the population under study reduces the chances of including therespondent who do not fit in the research objective.

Specifying Sampling unit.

Sampling unit can be a geographical area like state, district or village etc / family etc. and if

family is the unit then women in the family is the element of the unit.

e.g. for a cosmetic brand survey household above monthly income of Rs. 10,000 is the

sample unit.

Selection of sampling method

The Sampling method decides the way in a manner sample is selected. There are two

sampling methods

Probability sampling:Under this method each member of the population has a equal chance of inclusion in the

sample. It is further divided

Simple random sampling -

Systematic sampling

Stratified random sampling

Multistage cluster sampling

Non-Probability sampling

Under this method factors other than random chance is used for selection of the sample Convenience sampling

Quota sampling

Judgment sampling

Snowball sampling Simple random sampling is the commonly used method for the summer projects.

For e.g. To evaluate the success of the training programme 20 samples are selected from thetotal number of employees.

2.5 Methods of Data Gathering:

2.5.1 Collection of Primary Data:

Observation Method: - Under the observation method, the information issought by the way of investigators own direct observations without asking to respondent

Discussion with the authority: inthis methodDiscussing the issue with the

Authority and thus information or data for the research is gathered.


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Interview: In personal interview respondent is asked questions by the

researcher and thus collect the required information.This is further been divided into

Personal interview :

a) Direct personal : when data are collected by investigator personally by

asking questions to the persons from whom the information is to beobtained

b) Indirect personal : when data are collected not directly by investigator but by

the person close to respondent it is called indirect personal interview.

Telephonic interview : when respondent is geographically dispersed data is

collected by asking questions on the telephone. This method is generally used byindustrial surveys and big industrial cities.

Questionnaire: A set of questions prepared by the researcher for collecting required information

from the respondent is called questionnaire.

In this method a questionnaire is send to the respondent with a request to answer and returnthe questionnaire. Mail expenses for the same are born by the researcher.

Characteristics of good questionnaire

1. The size of questionnaire should be as modest as possible, but not at the

cost of necessary information to be collected.

2. Question should be as simple as possible.

3. Maximum clarity should be maintained.

4. The sequence of questions should be maintained.

5. It should attract the attention and generate interest of the informant.

6. Sufficient scope should be given for the informant to express all the

relevant facts, thoughts and information.

7. It is attractive in appearance, neatly arranged and beautifully printed.

8. Questions are printed in good psychological order proceeding from

general to specific.

9. It is easy to classify, tabulate and interpret


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Steps Involved in questionnaire construction:-

Decide on the content of

Individual questions

Types of questions

Wording of the questions

Sequence of the questions

Lay-out of the

questionnaire

Pre-test of thequestionnaire

Final revised

questionnaire


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First step - what type of individual questions are included- it depends upon the nature of the

study.- The questions that put the great strain on the memory of respondent should not be

included.

- Complicated questions should be avoided.

- Questions of personal character should be avoided.

- Questions are included in such a way that respondent should give the information

voluntarily.

Types of questions-

Open questions- Questions where in respondent is free to express his facts.

Multiple choice- Questions for which multiple choices are made available to the respondent and

asked the respondent to select one of them, for example- which party will be leading party

(a) I congress (b) BJP (c) United front (d) None of these

Wording of questions:-

The researcher should note that each question must be very clear-

- Wording should be clear and simple.

- Should be easily understood

- Should convey only one thought at a time

- Emotional words should be avoided.

- Any sort of misunderstanding can do irreparable harm to a survey

Sequence of the questions:-

In order to make the questionnaire effective - Do the opening question win the interest of the respondent

- Questions sequence should be logical and go from general to more specific.

- Difficult questions must be given at the end because

- The researcher must remember that the answer to a given question is a function not only

of the question itself, but of all previous questions as well.

- So researcher should pay attention to the questions sequence.

Lay-out of the questionnaire:-


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- Quality of paper used the type of printing neatly arranged and attractive in appearance

create the good impression about the questionnaire.

- Instructions for filling up of the questionnaire should be given in detail.

-

All the questions should be coded.

- The codes should be indicated on the questionnaire itself to facilitate the final tabulation

and analysis.

Pre test of questionnaire:-

Investigator should try to test whether- Respondent understood all the questions.

- Does the opening question generate interest.

- The wordings are proper or not.

- The pre-testing ignore the deficiency in the questionnaire

Final draft of the questionnaire:-

Final draft of the questionnaire is prepared after doing the required changes.

2.5.2 Collection of secondary data:

It is the data that are already available i.e. the data already collected and analyzed bysomeone else. It may be either published or unpublished data.

The Secondary data, on the other hand are those which have already been collected bysomeone and which have already been passed through the statistical process.

For ex. - Population census report, National Sample survey report, Economic and

statistical report are the examples of secondary data.

However, it is necessary to mention tool or technique used for collecting and analysis of

different types of data for the project.

The commonly used methods for collecting secondary data are:-

Books- Text books and reference books on the topic of study may be referred by the

researcher for in-depth knowledge of the topic and conceptual clarity.

Company annual reports and other reports: Companys annual reports/ quarterly reports,company in-house journals/ periodicals can be also good source of data of relevant

information to the research topic.

Journals, Magazines: Research journals, Business magazines, news papers can also be agood source of information for the research to be carried out.

Other Govt. publications: Official publications by the governments relating to govt.

policies, facts and figures can be used as authentic source of data.


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Internet: Internet is a widely popular source of information worldwide, with the help of

various search engines available a researcher can obtain data relating to his topic of study.

This chapter may be written in 3-5 pages approximately.

CHAPTER III ORGANIZATIONAL PROFILE OR COMPANY PROFILE

This chapter is about information regarding the business organization wherein the research iscarried out. You are required to outline the following:

3.1 About the company

Following points may be covered in this subtopic:

Name, address and location of the company, also Head Office, branch offices(s )of the

company

3.2 Vision, Mission of the organization

Vision, mission and goals of the company

Quality policy, Objectives of the company, etc.,

If the student is unable to find vision and mission due to its non- existence in thecompany, he/ she may help the company to write the same and the same can be then

included in the project.

3.3 Historical background of the organization

This subtopic briefs about the growth of the company from its existence.


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In short, it gives a picture of the progress of the company from the day of its foundation, in brief.

3.4 Different Departments of the organization:

Here, the student is expected to enlist all the departments existing in the organizations.

3.5 Product profile of the organization:Mention about the various products of the company in the market.

3.6 organizational structure/ chart or hierarchy

Organizational chart of the company showing the hierarchy of authority is to be drawn.

3.7 Current status of the organization:

Its Collaborations, International certifications, etc., if any

Summary statistics about the company such as number of employees, turnover, etc.

Financial statements, like balance sheets, if required

Brief information as to companys market share, or competitors, etc.,

3.8 Future plans of the organization:

If student is able to get information from the organizational sources about the companys futureplans, such information is also to be included.

3.9 Awards and achievements by the organization:

A mention is must about any special awards received by the company.

3.10 Any other relevant information of the organization:

If student has any other relevant information about the organization worth sharing, it can bewritten in this chapter.

The information given in this topic should be relevant to the topic chosen and descriptive datarelated to it should be attached in the Annexure and give reference by parenthetical statements.

The information content of this chapter may vary with the fields of specialization like HR,

Marketing, Finance, etc.

The chapter must not extend beyond 7-8 pages.


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CHAPTER IV: DATA ANALYSIS:

4.1 Data Analysis, Presentation & Interpretation:

The main function of this part is to present data in an organized form, discuss its

significance and analysis and the results that flow there from.

Sometimes whole of this process is gone into for each topic or sub-topic and an inference

is drawn at the end of each.

If the data are too numerous and likely to impede explanation or discussion, give it inannexure; in this part refer to it either by means of footnotes or parenthetical statements.

Picture is always better than a thousand words though the saying is true it is essentialto remember the following points:

Include graphs, charts or other graphical presentations wherever necessary but do notoverdo it, because too many graphs will loose main purpose of including it i.e. it will reduce the

clarity of your analysis.

Make sure that all figures, tables included in the report carry a figure/table number and

title.


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Graphs, charts should be explained properly with proper reference of the correspondingdata.

In case a table, graph or a diagram is used in the project report, make sure that the body

text of the report provides appropriate reference.

The tables need to be designed properly i.e. it is easy to create a complex table with

several number of columns and rows but difficult to read the data and observe the trends. Ifpossible split the table into number of sub tables and provide a summary table giving general

idea of it.

If figures mentioned are more than five or six digits, it is better to present them into

thousands, lakhs or crores. In case of percentage, round off the digit to two on the right hand side

of the decimal.

The constraints due to computer equipment availability have to be kept in mind whilepreparing the graphs and charts.

This chapter may require 15-20 pages depending on the scope of the research topic.

CHAPTER 5 : SUMMARY AND CONCLUSION:

This Chapter contains three parts viz., Main Findings, Policy Suggestions, and Scopefor further research study.

Main Findings: Findings are statements of factual information based upon the data

analysis. Students must consider following points while writing findings:1. Findings must relate to the data analyzed and project the rejection or proof of

hypothesis.

2. The wording of the findings must be simple & clear.3. All the findings must be sequenced logically and serially listed. (1-2 pages)

Policy Suggestions: Policy suggestions are some suggestions by the researcher to theorganization based on his findings. In simple words, these are recommendations for

future course of action. These suggestions must relate to and flow from the findings.They should be practical and rational and specific and should be enlisted in the

descending order of their importance. Students should avoid controversial

recommendations. (1-2 pages)


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Scope for further research study: Every research work has some limitations like

constraints as to time, data availability, monitory limitations, sampling errors, statisticalerrors, etc, which may be the scope for the project improvement. Also, some new

questions may arise during the present research work, which are not properly answered in

the current project work which may be investigated further and it may be indicated in the

future scope. (1-2 pages)


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REFERENCE

SECTION

C. REFERENCE SECTION:

Any study needs references and the due credit must be given to it by its proper mention in

the reference section. Reference section namely includes:

Bibliography

Annexure

Glossary terms

BIBLIOGRAPHY:

A bibliography is the listing of the works referred to in a text or consulted by the authorin its production.

References are to be arranged in alphabetical order and two entries are separated by a

blank line.


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It is a place to mention all the references material that the student has used during the

course of the project work.

Bibliography entries are divided into three categories. They are:

1. Published books: This bibliography entry for a book is made up of three parts.

They are: Author, title and the publicationdetails. In case ofAuthors name,the family name comes first followed by initials or the first name. In case of

multiple authors, the sequence of authors is to be maintained as published in the

book. The title of the book is to be reproduced as it is. Mention title of the bookin italics. The publication details include name of the publisher, place and date or

year of publication. Edition number (2nd , 3rd etc.) .

Use a comma to separate three parts of this bibliography entry.

Example:

Kothari C.R., Research methodology-methods and techniques, New Age

International Publishers, New Delhi 1985, second edition.

2. Journals:: Typical bibliographical entry for journals and periodicals are donesame as Books mentioned above

The title of the article is to be reproduced as it is. Place the title of thearticle in quote marks. The publication details include the name of the journal,

Volume number or Issue number, Date or month of publication. In case the

journal does not follow the volume number or issue number pattern, then it maynot be included in the bibliographical entry. Mention the page number on which

the article appears in the journal.

3. Periodicals: Students may refer to various periodicals relevant to their topic ofstudy and reference of the same may be given in the report. The title of the article

referred to, is to be reproduced as it is. Place the title of the article in quote marks.The publication details include the name of the periodical, Volume number orIssue number, Date or month of publication. In case the journal does not follow

the volume number or issue number pattern, then it may not be included in the

bibliographical entry. Mention the page number on which the article appears inthe periodical.

Example:

Ferguson Lian, The software puzzle, MIS South Asia, June 2000,pp. 52-56

4. Online Published material on the world wide web:

The bibliographical entry for World Wide Web is done as follows:Name of the author or authors (Surnames first, first names and initials

subsequently)

Title of the articleURL ( complete URL description, date on which it is referred)

Example:

Kothari C. R.Guidelines for Technical writing

URL : http://www.ent.edu/valy/techwrite.html
http://www.ent.ohiou.edu/valy/techwrite.htmlhttp://www.ent.ohiou.edu/valy/techwrite.html


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October 5, 2009

Bibliography may extend to 2 pages.

ANNEXURE

An annexure contains material which is needed to support the main body of the report butis too detailed/ voluminous to be included in the text.

All the annexure should be referred to in the text and its significance or meaning pointedout. If its number is more than one, they should be designated as Annexure A, Annexure

B and so on.

Generally the kinds of data included in the annexure are questionnaires, statistical data,

samples of forms of data sheets or data sheets used in the investigation and othermaterials which must be included for record. These are annexures in reference to the datapresented in the project report and include the following:

Blank Questionnaire

Interview schedules

Complex Tables

Technical notes

Financial data

Company brochures or report excerpts, etc. relevant to the research topic.

CHARACTERISTICS OF GOOD REPORT WRITING:

A project report is a presentation of your hard work done so far. Its a channel of communicating

the research findings to the readers of the report. To make the report efficient and effectivefollowing points may be of help:

The length of the report should be enough to cover the subject but short enough to

maintain interest of the readers.

It must maintain the consistency and continuity of the subject.

Abstract terminology and technical jargons should be avoided to maintain the simplicity

in the language.

Graphical and tabular representation of data, charts, etc. helps quick understanding of the

subject and hence, may be used.

The report must be structured properly in accordance with the objectives of the researchproblem. Ultimately the report must solve the problem addressed in there.

Clarity is the heart of any document and should be maintained in the project report also.


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Proper indentation, annexure, bibliography has to be followed.

Spelling mistakes should be carefully checked and avoided.

Abbreviations to be specified at the mention of the term at the first instance of occurrence

in the report

Report must be attractive in appearance, neat and clean whether typed or printed.

GUIDELINES FOR REVIEWING DRAFT:

Adequate reviewing effort has to be put in by the researcher to avoid errors. Following points

must be answered at the time of reviewing:

Is the text clear and free from ambiguity?

Is the intended message conveyed to the readers?

Is the scope of the research work covered and are the objectives of the study fulfilled?

Is continuity maintained in the flow of the report?

Is the report exceeding the page limit prescribed?

PRINTING OF FINAL REPORT:

After careful reviewing the draft and proofreading the researcher should make corrections, if

any. He must check the completion of the project in all respects. After the approval of the project

guide the report may be finally printed. While taking the final print out of the report, the

following points can be considered:

Copies: You are required to make the project report in THREE copies [one for

submission to the University, one to the Institute, and one for your own record.]

Binding: The copies will be Black resin bound with the details on it embossed in Golden

colour.

Page: Use Standard white A4 size paper for the printing.

Font Type: Use Times New Roman, the universal Formal font. Do not use informal

fonts. Also, use Justify command for the text.

Font Size: Font size to be kept 12 for normal script and 16 for Titles.

Margins: Left 1.5, and

Right , Top and Bottom margins 1 each.

Page Numbering: to start from Introduction till Bibliography.

Line Spacing: 1.5 Title page/ Front Cover: The front cover shall contain the following details embossed in

Golden Colour.

Top : The Title of the project, and name of the organization in the block capitalsof 6mm size letters properly centered.

Center: Submitted to Pune University , by _______(full name of the candidate)with course specification and year of submission, in Block Capitals of 3mm size

letters, properly centered.


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Bottom: Sinhgad Institute of Business Administration & Research

S.No. 40/4A + 4B/ 1, Near PMC Octroi Post, Kondhwa- Saswad Road,Kondhwa(Bk), Pune- 411048

(All in Block capitals of 3mm size letters in separate lines with spacing

and properly centered.)

SUBMISSION OF THE REPORT:

Three copies of the project report should be duly signed by the candidate, research guide

and the Director with the seal of the institute. One copy of the report may be retained bythe researcher and two copies to be submitted to the institute. One copy of the report may

be submitted to the company where the research project was conducted, if required by

them.

TIPS FOR VIVA VOCE:

There would be a viva-voce conducted of the research report. Subject Experts appointed by theUniversity will conduct the viva-voce. The researcher will be asked about the project he has

conducted and further clarifications about it.

What is expected from VIVA VOCE?

The common questions that may be asked:

Why did you select the topic?

Objectives of your project

Details about the research methodology used in the project About the company/ organization/ industry

Important findings and suggestions of the study

Your experience in the company/ organization/ industry

What is learning out of the project / summer training/ experience in the organization

Whether the training and the study really added value to your knowledge?

There would be a viva-voce conducted of the research report. Subject Experts appointed by

the University will conduct the viva-voce. The researcher will be asked about the project hehas conducted and further clarifications about it. To make the entire process of viva- voce

effective, following tips can be helpful:

Be aware about the date, time and venue of the Viva-voce.

Remain present at the venue at least 20 mins. Before scheduled time.

Observe formal dress code for the viva-voce.

Prepare thoroughly for the viva and choose words carefully to answer the questions

asked.

Dont forget to carry your personal copy of the research project report.

Your body language should reflect your politeness and confidence and your appearance

should be formal and pleasant.


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Take note of the suggestions given by the examiners carefully.

Summer Training may be looked at as a stepping stone for the final placements. It is a dress

rehearsal for students of the organizational environment. For freshers, it can give hands on

experience in the area of specialization, if done religiously. Hence, students are expected to get

most out of it which indirectly will help them in final placement.

Project Guideline Monograph- 27march10

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Transcript of Project Guideline Monograph- 27march10