Project Documentation | Technical Information Sheet Sensor System Design ..... 5 2.3 Antenna...

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ACC and S&G Technical Information.doc I of 24 I February 17, 2012

Project Documentation | Technical Information Sheet Project Number: ... SMS Project Number: Project Title: FCW Keyword(s): FCW / ACC / Stop&Go / TJA Date: February 17, 2012 Document: ACC and S&G Technical Information.doc





1 Contents

1 Contents .................................................................................................................... 2

2 Requested Technical Information ................................................................................ 3

2.1 Overall System Design .......................................................................................... 3

2.2 Sensor System Design .......................................................................................... 5

2.3 Antenna overview ................................................................................................ 6

2.4 Antenna Information ............................................................................................ 7

2.4.1 Antenna Type 29 (Model number UMRR-0A0301-1D0307) ................................ 8

2.4.2 Antenna Type 30 (Model number UMRR-0A0301-1E0300) .............................. 13

2.5 Sensor Connector ............................................................................................... 15

2.5.1 Connector Pin Out ........................................................................................ 15

2.6 Detection Performance ....................................................................................... 16

2.6.1 JAPAN ......................................................................................................... 16

2.6.2 EUROPE/USA/KOREA ................................................................................... 18

2.7 General specification .......................................................................................... 20

2.8 Frequency Approval ........................................................................................... 21

2.9 European Standards ........................................................................................... 21

2.10 US and Canadian Standards ............................................................................. 21

2.11 Japanese Standards ........................................................................................ 21

3 Test Tools................................................................................................................ 22

4 Contact ................................................................................................................... 24





2 Requested Technical Information

2.1 Overall System Design

Figure 1: Typical Sensor Setup – one box design.

Figure 2: Typical Sensor Setup – two box design with control box.





The Forward Collision Warning / ACC / Stop&Go / TJA system consists of only one UMRR (Universal Medium Range Radar) sensor in the 24GHz band. Different antenna types are available to meet different application requirements. The sensor can fulfill a number of automotive functions like:

- Forward Collision Warning (FCW). - Front and rear Pre-Crash/Pre-Safe applications. - Adaptive cruise control (ACC) with Stop & Go handling. - Traffic Jam Assist (TJA).

The FCW warning algorithm calculates a time to collision, a Post-Encroachment-Time and a distance to the relevant object in front of the Radar vehicle. In order to benchmark the sensor against the requirements of a specific function, the specification of such a function must be provided by an OEM. Usually different OEMs have different understandings or definitions of functions. The sensor may be mounted having a lateral offset, which does not cause any problems for the tracking. The maximum lateral offset depends on the application. All 24GHz sensors can usually be placed behind standard plastic bumper materials. No special cover is required. Samples are available. Test tools are available.

FCW

warning algorithm

Relevant object in

front of the

subject car.

Relevant object in

front of the subject car.

Subject car

motion determination

Driver

adjustment

warning





2.2 Sensor System Design

Radar Processor

(DSP)

Raw

DtaSPI

private

CAN

DAC

MxAmp

Discrete Analog (M)

MxADC

RAM

Communication Processor

(Microcontroller)

CAN 2CAN 1

SPI (4)PLL

SPI

SPI (Digital Control)

RF Module

(System-on-chip)

TX Antenna System

(1 Transmitter)

RX Antenna System

(2 Receivers)

Ref

PA

Gain

Figure 3: Sensor System Design (Block Diagram).

The sensor is designed as system-on-chip (for the RF part) and uses SiGe technology. The sensor can have the following software functions included:

- Mode / function control. - Detection software. - Object Tracking Software. - Path prediction. - Adaptive Self-Alignment in Azimuth Angle. - Object-to-lane mapping. - Selection of the primary target. - Function software (warning function, distance control, …). - Communication to vehicle.

On request, some of the listed functions can also be run on an external processor. Alternatively, on request customer software blocks can be accommodated on the sensor. The physical interface is CAN V2.0b, the logical sensor interface can be flexibly adapted to customer requirements. Other physical interfaces are available on request.





2.3 Antenna overview

The table gives an overview for the latest antenna types. Antenna type 29 Antenna type 30

Azimuth measurement range -18deg …+18deg -35deg …+35deg

Azimuth detection range -18deg …+18deg -35deg …+35deg

Azimuth measurement accuracy

< 0.5deg(-14deg …+14deg) < 1deg (-18deg …+18deg)

< 1deg (-15deg …+15deg) < 2deg (-35deg …+35deg)

Azimuth measurement resolution

No resolution. Digital RX beam forming is used for beam shaping and the resolution of simpler scenarios.

Number Antenna beams on receive: (phase monopulse, fully overlapping)

Two RX antennas, phase monopulse principle. Digital RX beam forming is applied.

Number Antenna beams on transmit: (covering Field of View in total)

1, the full field of view given 4 lines above is illuminated.

Two way Azimuth 3dB-beamwidth: xx°

-6deg …+6deg. -14deg …+14deg

Two way Elevation 3dB-beamwidth: xx°

-4deg …+4deg -15deg …+15deg

Sensitivity: min RCS @ max. range

60m (0dBm²) 40m (0dBm²)

Dimensions (WxHxD):

Antenna size 97x79mm plus housing frame (05XXXX)

Antenna size 81x64mm plus housing frame (03XXXX)





2.4 Antenna Information

On the following pages, ISO-SNR diagrams are displayed that illustrate the field of view of different types of antennae. ISO-SNR means that at a given fixed reflector size, the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) is plotted over x and y. Hence, the shape of the radar beam including possible side lobes can be explained. The numbers which are written as a legend into the diagrams, and which also determine the colors, specify the SNR for a fixed reflector size. A translation in detection range can roughly be given as: SNR Number [dB] Corresponds to max detection range of:

15 Truck

20 Passenger car

25 Motorbike

30 Bicycle

35 Human

Those numbers are estimations for illustration only. In practice, the detection range also depends on the clutter level, presence of other reflectors etc.





2.4.1 Antenna Type 29 (Model number UMRR-0A0301-1D0307) This sensor can fulfill automotive functions like:

- Forward Collision Warning (FCW). - ACC (150m). - Stop&Go. - Traffic Jam Assist (TJA).

Parameter Value

Type 29

Operational Mode(s) FMSK

Maximum Range (Truck) 240m

Maximum Range (Car) 160m

Max. Range (Pedestrian) 60m

Azimuth 3dB Limits -6 …+6 degree

Elevation 3dB Limits -4 …-4 degree

Max. Az. Field of View -18 …-18 degree

Antenna Type Patch Antenna

Housing Type 050602

Read the data sheet for the type 29 antenna.

- Figure 4: Type 29 antenna single sensor setup.

Sensor Housing: WxHxD: 110mm x 99mm x 30mm Weight: approx. 330g with aluminum body The housing can be made smaller and lighter for high volume production.

http://www.smartmicro.de/images/stories/contentimage/automotive/UMRR%20Automotive%20Type%2029%20Data%20Sheet.pdf





Figure 5: Front and Rear View of Sensor with Connector on Rear.





Figure 6: Detailed Dimension Data of Sensor with Connector on Rear.





Figure 7: Front and Rear View of Sensor with Side Cable Outlet.





Figure 8: Detailed Dimension Data of Sensor with Side Cable Outlet.





2.4.2 Antenna Type 30 (Model number UMRR-0A0301-1E0300) This sensor can fulfill automotive functions like:

- Forward Collision Warning (FCW). - ACC (90m). - Stop&Go. - Traffic Jam Assist (TJA).

Parameter Value

Type 30

Operational Mode(s) FMSK

Maximum Range (Truck) 180m

Maximum Range (Car) 90m

Max. Range (Pedestrian) 40m

Azimuth 3dB Limits -14 …-14 degree

Elevation 3dB Limits -5 …-5 degree

Max. Az. Field of View -35 …-35 degree

Antenna Type Patch Antenna

Housing Type 030600

Read the data sheet for the type 30 antenna.

Sensor Housing: WxHxD: 95mm x 85mm x 30mm Weight: approx. 295g with aluminum body The housing can be made much smaller for high volume production.

http://www.smartmicro.de/images/stories/contentimage/automotive/UMRR%20Automotive%20Type%2030%20Data%20Sheet.pdf





Figure 9: Front view of Sensor with a type 30 antenna – front and rear view.

Figure 10: Detailed Dimension Data of Sensor with Connector on Rear with CAN-Bus interface.





2.5 Sensor Connector

2.5.1 Connector Pin Out On the UMRR-0AXXXX sensors is an 8 pin male circular connector (waterproof IP67 series 712, manufacturer Binder GmbH, Germany).

Figure 11: View on solder cup side of socket (rear view of female counterpart to be connected to sensor)

Pin Function Wire color

1 RS485 L Pink = RS_485_L

2 Ground Blue = GND

3 RS485 H Grey = RS_485_H

4 CAN_L Yellow = CAN_L

5 CAN_H Green = CAN_H

6 not connected Brown = n.c.

7 +7V…+32V Red = Vcc (+7V…+32V)

8 not connected White = n.c.

Table 1: Sensor connector pin out Model UMRR-0Axxxx

Please note that in the standard configuration the sensor has no 120Ohms resistor on board. The resistor is nevertheless possible at either end of a CAN bus and is in most cases integrated in the cable delivered along with the sensor (cable manufactured by smartmicro).





2.6 Detection Performance

The specified values are valid for any antenna type. Please note that the sensor hardware is capable of 250MHz modulation under all conditions. So for the application of vehicles in Europe, Korea, USA, Canada and other regions the bandwidth can be configured by software to 76MHz or 100MHz or ~200MHz at no additional hardware cost. 2.6.1 JAPAN Parameter Value

Basics:

Frequency Band

JAPAN: 24.150 GHz to 24,250 GHz JAPAN: Bandwidth < 76MHz UMRR Platform technical data: Fine tune modulation interval (under all conditions): >= 150MHz, relative to center frequency

Transmit Peak Power (Individual Sensor)

Adjustable: 6dBm to 22dBm EIRP (values depending also on antenna)

Detection Performance:

Range Interval *1) *4)

Minimum Range: 0.5m (relative motion target to sensor) 2.0m (no relative motion @ 76MHz bandwidth) below min. range: presence detection available Maximum Range: 240m (see antenna type)

Range Accuracy *1)

Min. range…10m: better than ±0.25m 10m…max. range: better than ±2.5%

Speed Interval *1)

-70m/s (opening) m/s to +70 m/s (closing) -250 (opening) km/h to +250km/h (closing) Defined as absolute world co-ordinates, transformed at run-time to relative speed intervals by using the platform ego-speed. Example: ego-speed = 0: -70m/s (opening) m/s to +70 m/s (closing)





Example: ego-speed = 50m/s: -20m/s (opening) m/s to +120 m/s (closing)

Speed Accuracy *1) Typically < 0.25km/h

Azimuth Angular Accuracy *1) Typically < 0.5 deg.

Separation of two objects *1) *2)

To be separately detectable, two reflectors of identical reflectivity must be different in only one of the following parameters: Range Difference >= 4m (@76 MHz) or Speed Difference >= 0.31ms-1 (@40ms)

*1) for point targets and without tracking *2) target discrimination = 2x resolution (assumption: point targets with same radar cross section (RCS)) *3) All speed related values are specified for 40ms cycle time if not explicitly expressed differently. *4) The minimum range can be reduced by increasing the sweep bandwidth. This is possible using software only. The complete RF hardware is capable of a linear modulation of minimum 150MHz under all conditions.





2.6.2 EUROPE/USA/KOREA Actually the regulation in Europe allows only 100MHz bandwidth (for all countries). Most European countries, however, already made 200MHz available. USA: 250MHz available. Korea: 200MHz available. Parameter Value

Basics:

Frequency Band

EUROPE: 24.000 GHz to 24,250 GHz EUROPE: Bandwidth < 200MHz UMRR Platform technical data: Fine tune modulation interval (under all conditions): >= 150MHz, relative to center frequency

Transmit Peak Power (Individual Sensor)

Adjustable: 6dBm to 22dBm EIRP (values depending also on antenna)

Detection Performance:

Range Interval *1) *4)

Minimum Range: 0.5m (relative motion target to sensor) 0,75m (no relative motion @ 200MHz bandwidth) below min. range: presence detection available Maximum Range: 240m (see antenna type)

Range Accuracy *1)

Min. range…10m: better than ±0.25m 10m…max. range: better than ±2.5%

Speed Interval *1)

-70m/s (opening) m/s to +70 m/s (closing) -250 (opening) km/h to +250km/h (closing) Defined as absolute world co-ordinates, transformed at run-time to relative speed intervals by using the platform ego-speed. Example: ego-speed = 0: -70m/s (opening) m/s to +70 m/s (closing) Example: ego-speed = 50m/s: -20m/s (opening) m/s to +120 m/s (closing)

Speed Accuracy *1) Typically < 0.25km/h

Azimuth Angular Accuracy *1) Typically < 0.5 degree





Separation of two objects *1) *2)

To be separately detectable, two reflectors of identical reflectivity must be different in only one of the following parameters: Range Difference >= 1.5m (@200 MHz) or Speed Difference >= 0.31ms-1 (@40ms)

*1) for point targets and without tracking *2) target discrimination = 2x resolution (assumption: point targets with same radar cross section (RCS)) *3) All speed related values are specified for 40ms cycle time if not explicitly expressed differently. *4) The minimum range can be reduced by increasing the sweep bandwidth. This is possible using software only. The complete RF hardware is capable of a linear modulation of minimum 150MHz under all conditions.





2.7 General specification

Parameter Value

Tracking Performance:

Number of simultaneously tracked objects

Up to 64 (can be adjusted by software current setting 32)

Interfaces:

CAN Bus

Interface V2.0B(passive) Data rate typically set to 500kbit/s

Supply:

Power Supply

7…32V Single Sensor Power consumption: < 3,5W

Timing:

Cycle Time

Typ. <40ms Cycle times between 30 and 100ms can be selected.

Environmental Conditions:

Temperature Range

-40°C .. +85°C





2.8 Frequency Approval

UMRR-0AXXXX sensors are, among others, compliant to the following frequency regulations:

2.9 European Standards

- ERC Recommendation 70-03 - ETSI EN 300-440 - ETSI EN 301 489-1,-3 - ETSI EN 60950-1

2.10 US and Canadian Standards

Canada: - RSS-210

US Standards: - 47 CFR Part 15 B - 47 CFR Part 15 C

FCC part 15.209 FCC part 15.245

2.11 Japanese Standards

- Article 49.14 (4) (Ordinance Regulating Radio Equipment) CAT. Y Specified Low Power Radio Station





3 Test Tools

Data logging and visualization tools are available: 1) Smart Frame Diagnostic 2) Smart Frame Drive Recorder

Examples see below.

http://www.smartmicro.de/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=77&Itemid=82





4 Contact

Address: smart microwave sensors GmbH In den Waashainen 1 38108 Braunschweig Germany Phone / Fax numbers: Phone: +49-531-39023-0 Fax: +49-531-39023-599 Web / Email address: Web: www.smartmicro.de Email: [email protected]

http://www.smartmicro.de/

Project Documentation | Technical Information Sheet Sensor System Design ..... 5 2.3 Antenna...

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