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![Page 1: Project # Aberdeen Group Boston Palo Alto Amsterdam The Photon Revolution Presented by: Elizabeth J. Bruce Research Analyst April.](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062515/56649c955503460f9495290f/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Project #
Aberdeen Group
Boston Palo Alto Amsterdam
www.aberdeen.com
The Photon Revolution
Presented by:Elizabeth J. BruceResearch Analyst
April 18, 2023
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2Practice Area OverviewSource: Aberdeen Group © 2000
Optical Components
“Optical technology is now the most rapidly improving technology in industrial history”
– James Crowe, Founder and CEO of Level 3 Communications
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3Practice Area OverviewSource: Aberdeen Group © 2000
Why Fiber and Photons?
What if you wanted to download
The Matrix on DVD….
How long would it take?
Dial-up Modem 56 Kb/s 15 hours
Cable Modem or DSL 1 Mb/sec 1 hour Standard Ethernet 10 Mb/sec 6 mins Multiplexed Fiber 100 Mb/sec 35 secs
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4Practice Area OverviewSource: Aberdeen Group © 2000
Market is Paying Attention!
JDSU $72 B Sony $72 B
Corning $62 B Boeing $56.5 B
Avanex $5.8 B Amazon.com $10.5 B
- Nov 15, 2000
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5Practice Area OverviewSource: Aberdeen Group © 2000
Agenda
• Component Technologies
• Technology Trends
• The Market: Big Picture
• Dynamics & Trends
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6Practice Area OverviewSource: Aberdeen Group © 2000
Optical Components. The Big Picture
• All about Photons • Parallels to Semiconductor Industry• Technology
– competing technologies– innovation in materials & integration
• Market– emerging companies– consolidation: mergers & acquisitions
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7Practice Area OverviewSource: Aberdeen Group © 2000
Optical Networking: Big Picture
Components
Systems
ServiceProviders
Electronics Optical
JDSU, Corning, Lucent
Nortel, Alcatel, Ciena
Global Crossing, Level 3, Qwest
Materials
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8Practice Area OverviewSource: Aberdeen Group © 2000
Component Applications
Transmission
Lasers &
Modulators
ReceiverTransmitter
Optical Multiplexor
OpticalAmplifiers
OpticalDemultiplexor
Detectors
1
2
3
4
1
2
3
4
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9Practice Area OverviewSource: Aberdeen Group © 2000
Optical Spectrum Use by Application
• Telecommunications wavelengths fall into different bands– 800nm– 1300nm– 1550nm
400 1000 1300 1500
Short ReachSONET DWDM
700
VisibleLight
800Wavelength (nm)
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10Practice Area OverviewSource: Aberdeen Group © 2000
Component Materials & Applications
There are a multiple number of component materials and a multiple number of applications.
SiON
Photonic Crystals
Polymers
Thin Film Filters
Silica-on-Silicon
InP
LiNbO3
ModulatorsWaveguides
Switches
Mux/Demux
Attenuators
ApplicationsMaterials
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11Practice Area OverviewSource: Aberdeen Group © 2000
Optical Component Classes
ACTIVES PASSIVES
Lasers
Detectors
Modulators
Multiplexers
Attenuators
Switches
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12Practice Area OverviewSource: Aberdeen Group © 2000
Optical-Networking Components
• Transmit & Receive Devices
• Optical Amplification Products
• Optical Switching & Cross-Connect Modules
• WDM Modules
• Fiber Optic Products
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13Practice Area OverviewSource: Aberdeen Group © 2000
Component Applications
Transmission
Lasers &
Modulators
ReceiverTransmitter
Optical Multiplexor
OpticalAmplifiers
OpticalDemultiplexor
Detectors
1
2
3
4
1
2
3
4
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14Practice Area OverviewSource: Aberdeen Group © 2000
Transmit Devices
• EDGE-EMITTING– Distributed Feedback Lasers (DFB)– Fabry-Perot Lasers (FP)
• Vertical Cavity Surface Emitting Lasers (VCSELS)
• TUNABLE LASERS
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15Practice Area OverviewSource: Aberdeen Group © 2000
VCSELS?
• Major application for VCSELS to date: short reach
• Recent developments at longer wavelengths
• Advantages:– On-chip testing before wafer cut into
individual devices– Output beam is nice and big and
round– Relatively high yield devices
• Disadvantages:– Low power
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16Practice Area OverviewSource: Aberdeen Group © 2000
Tunable Lasers
• Edge-emitting lasers, VCSELS (MEMs and Electro-optic), NCSELs, External-cavity lasers using MEMs technology
• Application:– Inventory reduction– DWDM networks– Dynamic wavelength provisioning
• Companies: Lucent, Bandwidth9, Agility Communications, Altitun, CoreTek, ….
vs.
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17Practice Area OverviewSource: Aberdeen Group © 2000
Component Applications
Transmission
Lasers &
Modulators
ReceiverTransmitter
Optical Multiplexor
OpticalAmplifiers
OpticalDemultiplexor
Detectors
1
2
3
4
1
2
3
4
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18Practice Area OverviewSource: Aberdeen Group © 2000
DWDM modules
• Different Technologies:– Arrayed Waveguide
Gratings– Thin Film Filters– Fiber Bragg Gratings
• Companies: JDSU, Oplink Communications, Avanex, Kymata, Bookham Technologies, Nanovation Technologies, Lightwave Microsystems….
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19Practice Area OverviewSource: Aberdeen Group © 2000
Optical Switching Applications
• External Modulation • Protection Switching/Restoration • Dynamic Optical Add/Drop
Multiplexers (OADMs)• Dynamic Provisioning• All-Optical Cross-connect (OXC)
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20Practice Area OverviewSource: Aberdeen Group © 2000
Optical Switching Technologies
• MEMs – MicroElectroMechanical• Liquid Crystal• Opto-Mechanical• Bubble Technology• Thermo-optic (Silica, Polymer)• Electro-optic (LiNb03, SOA, InP)• Acousto-optic• Others…
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21Practice Area OverviewSource: Aberdeen Group © 2000
Component Applications
Transmission
Lasers &
Modulators
ReceiverTransmitter
Optical Multiplexor
OpticalAmplifiers
OpticalDemultiplexor
Detectors
1
2
3
4
1
2
3
4
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22Practice Area OverviewSource: Aberdeen Group © 2000
Optical Amplification
• Erbium-Doped Fiber Amplifiers (EDFAs) – application in long haul. Today’s amplifier of choice.• Raman Amplifiers – application in DWDM• Erbium-Doped Waveguide Amplifiers (EDWAs) – application in metro and access networks
Why? – Extend distance light signal can travel without regeneration
Standard FiberAmplifier
Pump Lasers
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23Practice Area OverviewSource: Aberdeen Group © 2000
Integration - Today
Optical Interleaver
MechanicalSwitch
DWDM Module
Add/Drop Mux
Laser
Wavelength Locker
Detector
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24Practice Area OverviewSource: Aberdeen Group © 2000
Integration - Today
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25Practice Area OverviewSource: Aberdeen Group © 2000
Integration - Future
Photonic Chip
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26Practice Area OverviewSource: Aberdeen Group © 2000
Industry Trends
• Integration. Demand shifting from component level to integrated modules.
• Scalability. “Pay-as-you-grow” philosophy.
• Innovation. Product life cycles getting shorter. Suppliers must have strong R&D.
• Customization. Working with customers to provide next-generation optical systems.
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27Practice Area OverviewSource: Aberdeen Group © 2000
Integration
• Parallels to the semiconductor industry ~25 years ago
• discrete components• assembly
• “Evolving Integration”
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28Practice Area OverviewSource: Aberdeen Group © 2000
Integration
Passive Building Blocks
Integrated Passive Building Blocks
IntegratedActive/Passive Systems
Time
Deg
ree
of I
nteg
rati
on
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29Practice Area OverviewSource: Aberdeen Group © 2000
Scalability
• Industry referred to as a “cottage industry”• Optical components are sophisticated devices:
– Requires people with experience– Fiber-handling to wafer processing to thin film production
• Packaging is a significant portion of the cost (up to 90%).
• Difficult to implement Automation and scale Manufacturing
• No standard automation equipment – often times proprietary methods
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30Practice Area OverviewSource: Aberdeen Group © 2000
Customization
• Everything is custom – catalogs just show what we are capable of…
• Custom Integration: Optical ASICs.• Standard packaging and custom optics.
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31Practice Area OverviewSource: Aberdeen Group © 2000
Market Size
• According to OIDA, – Total Market 1999: (Communications,
Storage, Display, Image Acquisition) : $58.9B
– Communications: $28.9B
-Lightwave, Dec 1999
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32Practice Area OverviewSource: Aberdeen Group © 2000
Market Dynamics
– 100’s of Suppliers.– Enormous growth: suppliers are rapidly
expanding their manufacturing facilities and investing in production equipment.
– Consolidation and acquisition of suppliers is changing the component landscape on very short time scales.
– Confusing Space: Company A may buy from, compete with and form a partnership with Company B.
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33Practice Area OverviewSource: Aberdeen Group © 2000
Component Demand
Industry-wide component shortage.
Number of Channels
Number ofNodes
23080 120
Demand forComponentsLong-Haul
MetroAccess
EnterpriseFTTH
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34Practice Area OverviewSource: Aberdeen Group © 2000
Key Findings
• Difficult for new systems suppliers to guarantee a supply of components.
• Maintain close integration between developments in component technologies and next-generation networking equipment
• When and what to outsource??– Various levels of outsourcing at equipment
level:• Cisco. Partner with Corning.• Ciena. Some key component development in-
house.• Nortel/Alcatel. Major component divisions• Lucent. Spin-off components division.
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35Practice Area OverviewSource: Aberdeen Group © 2000
Key Findings
• Sources, modulators, and receivers at 40Gb/sec
• Tunable Lasers• Dealing with 40 Gb/sec
systems: Dispersion
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36Practice Area OverviewSource: Aberdeen Group © 2000
Key Findings
• Amplifier products: Raman, EDWAs
• Higher channel count WDM modules
• New modulation schemes: optical CDMA, FDM, NRZ to RZ
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37Practice Area OverviewSource: Aberdeen Group © 2000
Key Trends
• Manage Bandwidth: Optically instead of Electronically.
• Emerging metro/access market.– Cost– Size– Supply
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38Practice Area OverviewSource: Aberdeen Group © 2000
Suppliers
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39Practice Area OverviewSource: Aberdeen Group © 2000
Conclusions
• It’s all about PHOTONS• The optical components industry is
growing fast – but still at an early stage• Impact is significant - from long haul
transport to metro to enterprise to computer interconnects
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40Practice Area OverviewSource: Aberdeen Group © 2000
Thank You!
ABERDEEN GROUP
Boston, MA
www.aberdeen.com
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41Practice Area OverviewSource: Aberdeen Group © 2000
SUPPLEMENTAL SLIDES
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42Practice Area OverviewSource: Aberdeen Group © 2000
Market Demand
• Demand: Increased bandwidth requirements– Fiber to the Home/Curb– Streaming media, video-on-demand– Holographic telephony– Wireless services– Video-equipped phones– Distribution of: media, software, CDs,
DVDs, the broadcast entertainment world– Unforeseen applications (things like
Napster…)
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43Practice Area OverviewSource: Aberdeen Group © 2000
Market Segments
– Ultra-Long Haul. Cross-country and long distance connections between cities.
– Long-Haul. Provide point-to-point traffic between major cities. Used by large service providers.
– Metro (MAN). Connections within urban areas. Provide service to a variety of customers in a metropolitan region.
– Access Systems. Provide service to an end-user. Connections to Businesses and Homes.
– Enterprise/Local Area Network (LAN) and Storage Area Networks (SAN). Gb and 10Gb Ethernet, Fibre Channel, etc..
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44Practice Area OverviewSource: Aberdeen Group © 2000
Photon Transport Today
Total Capacity
Channels Single Channel
Distance
Siemens AG
7.04 Tb/s 176 40 Gb/s ??
Alcatel 5.12 T/s 128 40 Gb/s Over 300km
Fujitsu 2.11 Tb/s 211 10 Gb/s 7,200km