Prohibition & Temperance in Prohibition & Temperance in the 1920’sthe 1920’s

Don’t drink that; It’s Illegal!

Mr. Jon Creamer

ED639

Unit: The Roaring 20’s

Lesson: Temperance and Prohibition

Grade 10

OBJECTIVESThe tenth grade students will learn the importance of the passage of the 18th amendment and the temperance movement that pushed for it.

The tenth grade students will practice critical thinking skills applied to looking at political cartoons and the meanings behind them.

The students will understand the timeline of the beginning of a women’s movement to be heard beginning with temperance and going through to their passage of Women’s Suffrage.

Finally the tenth grade students will gain some skill at understanding the thought behind some political cartoons.

Materials NeededLCD Projector for Presentation

Student THINKERS

Students Will Need:

Their Notebooks

Pencil/Pen

Sheet of Paper for Quiz.

Their THINKING CAPS

-Between January 1920 and April 1933 the 18th Amendment was in effect.

-Made it illegal to import, export, transport, sell or manufacture intoxicating liquor.

-.05 so that sacramental wine and medicinal alcohol could be used.

-Commonly referred to as the Volstead Act, in honor of Andrew J. Volstead, the congressman who authored it.

Temperance

• Rise of the Prohibition Party – 1890s – Separate from Dems or GOP– Sole platform was to push National Prohibition– Supported Women’s Suffrage – Sold themselves as a multi-party organization,

meaning you could be Dem or GOP AND a Prohibitionist member.

Other Movements & People

Women’s Christian Temperance Union

-Frances Willard –help found Prohibition Party and Leader of WCTU. Died in 1898 and Carry Nation helped take over.

-Ladies were called to action to protest everywhere!

Carry A. Nation (Ole Battle-Ax)

• Joined WCTU and began her crusade.

• Got her state of Kansas to be dry by 1880.

• 1900 says that God told her to save Kansas from the bootleggers.

• Smashed her first saloon June 1, 1900.

• Used a hatchet to “bash” speak-easies.

• Died: Dec. 1911 with the inscription, “She hath done what she could.” on her tombstone.

Anti-Saloon League

• Founded in 1893 HERE in Oberlin, OH!• Announced it’s push for a National

Amendment in 1913.• Allied with WTCU & Prohibitionist Party• Operated American Issue Publishing

Company (Prohibition Slated Company)• Helped to make 21 states dry by 1916 with

help from WTCU & Prohibitionist Party.

WHO COULD THIS BE?

http://prohibition.history.ohio-state.edu/ProhParty/index.htm

What’s the message of this cartoon? Explain the Tentacles.

http://prohibition.history.ohio-state.edu/ProhParty/index.htm

What’s the view on political parties here?

http://prohibition.history.ohio-state.edu/ProhParty/index.htm

Guesses Anyone?

Has an Opposite impact, that congress had not foreseen.

-Many people obviously lost legitimate liquor related jobs.

-Between 1916 and 1928 Price of Whiskey rose 520%

-Not enough officers to enforce

-Violent Crimes rise by 24%; Fed Convicts go up 561%

-Speakeasies spring up to “quench” citizen’s thirst.

-Lack of standards on Alcohol caused a rise in poisoned liquor deaths.

-1920=1,064 -1925=4,154

-Prohibition Appeared to be Failing……….

Organized Crime

• Profit Motive encouraged the emergence of Crime “Bosses.”

• Problems all over the country, but the worst in Chicago.

• Half a Dozen rival gangs spring up to “square-off” for control of the Bootlegging market.

Al Capone

• Began career as gangster in Five Points Gang in Chicago.

• Called a women a “whore” in an Inn he was working at, her brother slashed Capone’s face giving him the nickname, “Scareface.”

• Ordered the murders of over 200 rival gang members and 20 policemen.

• Main rival was “Bugs” Moran• St. Valentine’s Day Massacre,

February 14th, 1929.

Cont……….

• Made millions of Dollars in the Liquor industry.

• Bought off anyone he could including:– Judges

– Police

– Congressmen

– Juries

The Untouchables

• Elliot Ness and his group of untouchables vowed to take Capone and his boys down.

• Ness was a U.S. Treasury Agent sent to Chicago to help stabilize the system.

• Helped to clean out all the “dirty” cops.

• “Untouchables?”

• Eventually nailed Capone on Tax Evasion charges and sent him to prison.

Websites:

1. http://www.paulsann.org/thelawlessdecade/20_s.html

2. http://www.cohums.ohio-state.edu/history/projects/prohibition/

3. http://www.geocities.com/athens/troy/4399/

4. http://us.history.wisc.edu/hist102/lectures/lecture17.html

The End of it ALL!

THE QUIZ!!!!!1. What was the Temperance Movement?

2. Name one organization involved in the Temperance Movement.

3. What was an illegal bar referred to as?

4. What was the name of the leader of the Untouchables?

5. What number amendment was prohibition?

6. Who is nicknamed “Ole Battle-Ax”?

7. Who was the Big Crime Boss nicknamed Scareface?

8. Prohibition commonly referred to as the __________ Act.

9. Scareface was finally brought up on charges of __________.

10. Name one of the ideas behind one of the political cartoons we saw.