Progressive movement in SC compared to national ... Progressive movement in SC...Progressive...
Transcript of Progressive movement in SC compared to national ... Progressive movement in SC...Progressive...
Progressive Movement: • Developed at city & state level
• Was response to problems of urban growth & the changing workplace
• Late 19th century
Goals of National Progressive Movement:
• Reform corruption in government
• End Big Business monopolies
• Improve the conditions of the industrial working class
• Address the problems of immigrants & migrants
Supporters of Progressivism:
• “Muckraking” journalists
• Growing middle class
• President Theodore Roosevelt
Major issues of SC Progressives:
• Child labor • Fair treatment for workers & mill village
conditions • Temperance • Women’s suffrage • Improving education • SC Progressives worked within the Democratic
Party like the Populists had • Tillman saw African American disenfranchisement
as Progressive issue
SC Supporters of Progressive Reform (The State newspaper):
Problems:
• Child Labor
• Education & Literacy
• Health Care & Illness
Reform:
• SC set minimum working age at 10 & raised it to 12
• Compulsory attendance law
• Increased funding
• Women’s League built libraries
• Adult school program
• State hospital for tuberculosis patients
Prohibition & Temperance
South Carolina
• Supported by farmers
• Approved prohibition referendum
• Legislature passed prohibition bill
• Governor Tillman did not support prohibition
• 20th c: Counties became “dry”
• 1915: State Prohibition law
• 1918: 18th Amendment
Governor Tillman
• Controlled state
• Substituted prohibition bill
• Set up Dispensary system
• State controlled distribution of alcohol
• Dispensary system failed due to corruption of officials
• Citizens made, distributed, & drank alcohol illegally
Women & Reforms
South Carolina
• Promoted reforms to improve communities:
• Prohibition
• Civic Responsibility
• education
• SC Women’s Clubs
• Church club established 1st Tuberculosis treatment cent
• African American clubs promoted better health & education
Women’s Suffrage Movement • State Level: SC gave little support to suffrage
• National level: SC women benefit
• WWI national suffragette campaign used marching, picketing, & being arrested
• President Woodrow Wilson recognizes women’s contributions to WWI & supports women’s suffrage amendment
• 19th Amendment: women’s suffrage
• SC passes 19th Amendment in 1967
National Government Reform:
• Purposes: expand democracy & limit power of corrupt political bosses
• Reforms suggested:
• Secret ballot
• Primary elections for candidates
• Direct election of US Senators (17th Amendment)
• Income tax to ensure revenue for government services (16th Amendment)
South Carolina Government Reform:
• Held 1st national primary
• Middle class designed reforms to limit political power of mil workers
• Voting registrars refused to qualify mill workers
• Columbia adopted city commission form of government to dilute mill vote
• Annexed suburbs to dilute mill vote
SC Government Reform Cont…
Governor Cooper
• Supported raising state taxes
• Increased spending on education
• Increased school year to seven months
Governor Manning
• Established income tax for all South Carolinians (fair tax system)
• Established schools
• Improved hospital administration
• Paved SC’s roads