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Transcript of Program on Grid management NRLDC – POWERGRID SCADA/EMS System in Northern Region by S.K.Nehru June...
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Program on Grid managementNRLDC – POWERGRID
SCADA/EMS System in Northern Regionby
S.K.Nehru
June 2003June 2003
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Organization of presentation
NR SC&C Project
Overview of the system
Overview of functions
SCADA EMS
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System Overview
BBMB
DVBNREB
UPSEB
HSEB
HPSEB
PSEB
CPCC
Panipat (B)
Dadri (B)Dadri (H)
Sultanpur
Moradabad
Varanasi
Rishikesh
Bhilwara
Kota
Ratangarh
Narwana
Hamirpur
Kunihar
Laltonkalan
Jallandhar (P)
Jallandhar (B)
Moga
Ganguwal (B)
RSEB
Panki
J&K
Pakistan
Nepal
ChinaJammu & Kashmir
HimachalPradesh
Punjab
HaryanaUttar
Pradesh
Rajasthan
Delhi
Gujarat MadhyaPradesh
Bemina
J&K SEB13 RTUs1 Sub-LDC
PSEB 19 RTUs2 Sub-LDC
HVPNL 41 RTUs2 Sub-LDC
RSEB21 RTUs3 Sub-LDC
HPSEB16 RTUs2 Sub-LDC
BBMB21 RTUs4 Sub-LDC
DVB31 RTUs4 Sub-LDC
UPSEB82 RTUs5 Sub-LDC
RSCC 42 RTUs1 CPCC
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R.S.C.C.
DELHI
CHANDIGARHS.L.D.C. ofB.B.M.B.
DADRISub-L.D.C. of
B.B.M.B.
PANIPATSub-L.D.C. of
B.B.M.B.
JAMALPURSub-L.D.C. of
B.B.M.B.
GANGUWALSub-L.D.C. of
B.B.M.B.
GLADNIS.L.D.C. of
J & K
BENIMASub-L.D.C. of
J & K
LUCKNOWS.L.D.C. ofU.P.S.E.B.
RISHIKESHSub-L.D.C. of
U.P.S.E.B.
VARANASISub-L.D.C. of
U.P.S.E.B.
MORADABADSub-L.D.C. of
U.P.S.E.B.
SULTANPURSub-L.D.C. of
U.P.S.E.B.
PANKISub-L.D.C. of
U.P.S.E.B.
JALLANDHAR IISub-L.D.C. of
P.S.E.B.
LALTONKALANSub-L.D.C. of
P.S.E.B.
PATIALAS.L.D.C. of
P.S.E.B.
SHIMLAS.L.D.C. ofH.P.S.E.B.
KUNIHARSub-L.D.C. of
H.P.S.E.B.
HAMIRPURSub-L.D.C. of
H.P.S.E.B.
MINTO ROADS.L.D.C. of
D.E.S.U.
BAWANASub-L.D.C. of
D.E.S.U.
GOPALPURSub-L.D.C. of
D.E.S.U.
GAZIPURSub-L.D.C. of
D.E.S.U.
BAMNAULISub-L.D.C. of
D.E.S.U.
KANPUR
C.P.C.C.
PANIPATS.L.D.C. of
H.S.E.B.
NARWANASub-L.D.C. of
H.S.E.B.
DADRISub-L.D.C. of
H.S.E.B.
HEERAPURAS.L.D.C. of
R.S.E.B.
RATANGARHSub-L.D.C. of
R.S.E.B.
KOTASub-L.D.C. of
R.S.E.B.
BHILWARASub-L.D.C. of
R.S.E.B.
System Hierarchy
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Dual Processor/Desktop console
DualWAN Routers
DualCommunication
Front-end
Peripheral Equipment
To the concerned SLDC
Dual LAN
To RTUs
TYPICAL SUB-LDC CONFIGURATION
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TYPICAL SLDC CONFIGURATION
SCADA/EMSSERVERS
ISRSERVER
ICCPSERVER
NetworkManagement
Console
DevelopmentConsole
CommunicationFront-end
OperatorConsoles
WANRouters
PeripheralEquipment
RemoteVDUs
To RSCC & SUB-LDCsTo RTUs
Dual LAN
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SCADA/EMSSERVERS
ISRSERVERS
ICCPSERVERS
NetworkManagement
Console
DevelopmentSERVER
CommunicationFront-end
OperatorConsoles
WANRouters
PeripheralEquipment
RemoteVDUs
To SLDCs & CPCC
DTSSERVER
DevelopmentConsole
To RTUs
DTSOperatorConsoles
RSCC CONFIGURATION
Dual LAN
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Communication Front-ends (CFE)
drives the serial communication lines connected to the RTUs.
the CFE hardware configuration consists of a VME chassis containing an Ethernet controller card and several serial communication cards.
the number of communication cards depend on the number of RTUs to connect where each card can support up to 16 communication lines with the RTUs.
the standard time interface to the GPS clock for the RTU synchronization is provided by a True Time VME bus card installed in the VME chassis.
System Architecture
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SCADA/EMS ServerIt support the following system functions:
1. SCADA2. Real-time dispatching3. Power system analysis
the SCADA/EMS servers operate in a primary-standby relationship for redundancy purposes.
SCADA/EMS software is active only on the application server assigned the primary role.
System Architecture
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ISR Server
used to perform Information Storage and Retrieval functions. (Oracle software)
also operate in a primary-standby redundancy.
Development Server
This server and its associated Development Consoles provide software utilities used to develop and maintain SCADA/EMS software, Compilers,
displays and databases.
System Architecture
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System Architecture
Operator Consoles
handle the man-machine interface for system control and supervision operations.
there are operator consoles with 2-CRTs and operator consoles with one CRT.
Network Management Console
provides the monitoring facilities for local area and wide band network. Gives statistics about traffic on the line.
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System Architecture
Local Area Network (LAN)
contains 8 slots that can be used to plug in full range of servers and routers
contains LAN switch modules, each one offering 12 ports
Contains the terminal server to connect the loggers and the line printers
it is also in dual configuration
Wide Area Network (WAN)
To allow several connections with
other control centers
Remote VDU (Video Display Unit) located in PGCIL/SEB Headquarters.
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PLCC at 300/600/1200 baudsPLCC at 300/600/1200 bauds
MicrowaveMicrowave
Optical FiberOptical Fiber
Communication mediaCommunication media
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Remote Terminal UnitRemote Terminal UnitS900S900
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S900 RTU Main Features
Powerful processing Distributed architecture (hardware and software) Compliance with international standards Modularity Flexibility
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Main Functions
Data Acquisition Digital inputs including SOE Analogs inputs Pulse counts Digital outputs (controls) Tap changer positions
Time Tagging 1 ms internal time tagging Synchronization by control center
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Main functions
CommunicationIEC 870-5-101 protocolSingle channel/Dual channels
Local faults archiving Main faults detected are:
Communication faultsBoard faultsSynchronization faults
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S900 RTU Typical Architecture
ControlControl CenterCenter
S 900S 900
SimulatorSimulatorSIM 900SIM 900 I /OI /O
Field Bus Field Bus Distributed RacksDistributed Racks
Main RackMain Rack
I /OI /O
DB ConfiguratorDB ConfiguratorGDB 900GDB 900
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Software ArchitectureSoftware ArchitectureEnergy Management PlatformEnergy Management Platform
EMPEMPTMTM
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Advanced Energy Management Systems
RSCCSLDC
SCADA Sub-LDCCPCC
Dispatcher Training SimulatorRSCC
EMPTM Flexible solution
AP
PL
ICA
TIO
NS
US
ER
INT
ER
FA
CE
UT
ILIT
IES
HA
BIT
AT
DTS
Network
Generation
SCADA
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EMPTM Habitat®
Integrated software environment Database Management Application development environment
• standardization & modularity• parallel executions• access control• coordinated task scheduling
Habitat provides the Real Time Control System environmentHabitat provides the Real Time Control System environment
HA
BIT
AT
Application Manager
DatabaseModeling
ProcessManager
Permit Manager
Utilizes Digital's RISC 64 bit systems: AlphaGenerationTM
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EMPTM Utilities
A complete set of utilities provide the services needed for an EMSA complete set of utilities provide the services needed for an EMS
HA
BIT
AT
UT
ILIT
IES
Communication software
Alarm processing
Historical data management and report
System configuration management
Switchover management
Inter Site Data Exchange
HABConnect: Access to the database from off-the-shelf PC applications (DDE & ActiveX controls)
ALARMNETIO
HDR BACKUP
ISD CFGMAN
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EMPTMUser Interface: Rapport-FG
X Windows/Motif compliant
Multi-screen, multi-windows “Rooms”
Large one-line diagram format
Tabular displays
Fully customizable dialogs (Popups & Menu bars)
Import of DXF files
Efficient zooming/decluttering /panning
Navigation Window
Rapport-FG is Alstom’s full graphics display package:Rapport-FG is Alstom’s full graphics display package:
HA
BIT
AT
UT
ILIT
IES
US
ER
INT
ER
FA
CE
X/MOTIF
MS-WINDOWS
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EMPTM SCADA (1)
SCADA provides the real-time information needed by the operator to have a comprehensive knowledge of its network every timeSCADA provides the real-time information needed by the operator to have a comprehensive knowledge of its network every time
AP
PL
ICA
TIO
NS
US
ER
INT
ER
FA
CE
UT
ILIT
IES
HA
BIT
AT
Data acquisition
Analog, Status, Accumulator Processing Limit Checking/Replacement Calculations
Supervisory Control; grouped controls, control interlocks
Load shedding with priority lists
Tagging
Sequence of event
Topology Processing
DTS
Network
Generation
SCADA
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TFE running in the host or separated server
CFE running in a VME chassis
Collection of standard (IEC 870-5) and proprietary protocols
Different protocols may be run on each line
Connection with EMP SCADA sites via Inter Site Data Exchange (ISD)
Connection with other sites via ICCP
EMPTM SCADA (2)
AP
PL
ICA
TIO
NS
US
ER
INT
ER
FA
CE
UT
ILIT
IES
HA
BIT
AT
DTS
Network
Generation
SCADA
Data Acquisition from RTUs is distributed among 2 processes:
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Energy Management System
Network Application
Generation Application
Dispatcher Training Simulator (DTS)
AP
PL
ICA
TIO
NS
DTS
Network
Generation
SCADA
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Network Application
State Estimator (RTNET)
Contingency Analysis (CA)
Security Enhancement (SENH)
Power Flow (PWRFLOW)
Optimal Power Flow (OPF) AP
PL
ICA
TIO
NS
DTS
Network
Generation
SCADA
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RTNET
The real time state estimator is the first application in the on-line
network application sequence.
The Purpose is to estimate the present electrical operating
topology and state of the network.
The state estimator determines the voltage at each modeled
bus and the power flowing in each modeled components.
The topology and state determined by RTNET are presented to
operators who monitor the network and also provide basis for
further network analysis function.
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Contingency Analysis (CA)
The contingency Analysis application is used to study potential
components changes (contingencies) on the power system.
The set of changes that can be analysed include AC line,
transformers, bus, station, breaker and generator outage.
CA informs the user of contingencies that could cause
conditions violating operating limits.
Alarm generation is supported within real time interface.
CA operates in real time environment as well as in the study
mode.
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Security Enhancement
Security enhancement assists the utility in achieving the optimal
balance between security, costs and other operational
considerations.
The assistance is provided by a set of solutions. By reviewing the
results of these solutions, the utility will obtain additional information
enhancing their ability to operate the system in an optimal manner.
In the real time environment security enhancement operates on the
result obtained by state estimator.
The application can be used in both the real time as well as stand
alone environment.
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Optimal Power Flow (OPF)
The purpose of the optimal power flow function is to determine
recommendations for power system controls that causes
improvements in the state of the power system.
OPF can recommend controls that can eliminate or minimize
power system limit violations.
Although OPF is designed to support the real time concerns, it
is integrated into system as a study/analysis tool.
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Real Time Network Analysis Function
PROCESS MANAGEMENT SYSTEM
NETWORK SUBSYSTEM
- Analyze trigger- Delay as required
RTNET- Estimation
RTSENH - Base casesolution
RTCA - Contingencyanalysis
Manual trigger
SCADA SUBSYSTEM
• Designatedstatus change
SCADA trigger Periodic trigger
Real Time Network Analysis Function
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Execution Trigger
The triggering logic is controlled by another task (on-line network sequence OLNETSEQ) and RTNET is executed when requested by this task.
RTNET can be triggered to execute over a variety of conditions. The potential triggers are :
Periodic (every 10 minutes periodically execution of State
estimator, Contingency Analysis and Security enhancement.)
SCADA informs to OLNETSEQ whenever there is a change in
device status. OLNETSEQ triggers the execution if it is required.
Manual request
By RTGEN. If the difference of the computed tie-line sum by AGC
with the recorded value is more than the user specified tolerance
limit it is concluded by RTGEN that the system has moved and
network analysis (RTNET) is triggered.
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Generation Application
RTGEN is the real time Generation
application of the EMP system. It allows
the dispatcher to monitor, analyze and
control real time generation within an
operating area.
The principal function within RTGEN is
the Automatic Generation Control (AGC).
AP
PL
ICA
TIO
NS
DTS
Network
Generation
SCADA
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Automatic Generation Control
The AGC function automatically controls the generation at
minimum cost within the following constraints :
Area Load/Generation reserve
Scheduled MW transaction with neighbors
Scheduled frequency and time error
Generation unit restrictions (unit limits)
AGC performance criterion
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Real Time Generation Function Overview
TRANSACTIONSCHEDULING
Schedules sales andpurchase of power
with neighboring areas
HISTORICALLOSS MODEL
Maintains a modelof loss parametersfor other functions
MIDNIGHTPURGE
Purges outdatedschedules
POND MONITOR
Monitors pondelevations and
calculate discharges
UNITSCHEDULING
Schedules deration,fuel use and base
points of units
PRODUCTIONCOSTING
Monitors current area generation production costs
EXTERNAL UNITSCHEDULER
Provides Network subsystem with probable operatinglevels of external units
AUTOMATIC GENERATIONCONTROL (AGC)
SYSTEM LOADFORECAST
HYDRO THERMALCOORDINATION 2
STUDYGENERATION
SCADA NETWORKFUNCTIONS
RTGEN
RESERVEMONITOR
Calculates andmonitors reserves
ECONOMICDISPATCH
Calculates economicbasepoints of units
AGCPERFORMANCE
MONITOR
Monitors regulationperformance
OperationMonitor Load Shed
Real Time Generation Function Overview
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Supporting Functions
AGC is supported by following functions: The economic Dispatch (ED) He Production costing function (PC) The Reserve Monitor Function (RM) The Transaction Scheduling Function The Unit scheduling function The Fuel cost scheduling function Midnight Purge function The external Unit scheduling function The historical loss model update Pond Monitor function
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Supporting Functions(Cont.)
The economic dispatch function allows the dispatcher to
determine economic base points for a selected set of units.
AGC controls units to operate at these economic base points.
The power costing function allows the dispatcher to monitor the
current area generation production cost.
The Reserve Monitor function allows the dispatcher to monitor
the amount and type of spare generation that is available in the
operating area. Alarms are issued when the area’ generation
reserve drops below its required level.
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Supporting Functions(Cont.)
The Transaction scheduling function allows the dispatcher to
schedule power sales and purchases with neighboring utilities.
AGC uses this information to determine the desired net
interchange on the tie-lines.
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Supporting Functions(Cont.)
Unit scheduling function allows the dispatcher to define base
points, deration schedule and fuel schedules. AGC uses base
point schedules to control generation to the specified levels.
Deration schedules are used by AGC to effectively restrict unit
capacities. Fuel mix schedules are used by ED to determine the
cost of generations.
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Supporting Functions(Cont.)
Fuel Cost schedule function allows the dispatcher to define the
cost and efficiency for each fuel type in the system. Used by ED
to determine the cost of generation.
Midnight purge function is used to purge RTGEN schedules
which have been expired a certain number of days, typically 3
days. The purging will either delete the schedules completely or
copy them into a historical database.
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Supporting Functions(Cont.)
External Unit Scheduling function allows the dispatcher to model
external operating areas and use the model to estimate the
probable operating levels of units in those areas.
Historical loss model update maintains an up-to-date set of units
and areas transmission loss sensitivity for different levels of load
and interchange.
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Supporting Functions(Cont.)
Pond Monitor Functions maintains reservoir status and its
elevation data. These data are passed to planning function
(Hydro thermal coordination).
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Interfaces
SCADA scans the power system and provides RTGEN with
data about devices in the field. RTGEN sends control signals
through SCADA to plant control signals (PLCs) in order to
modify the generation output.
It also sends the current operational information to network
functions and receives loss and network security information
from them.
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DTS – Functional Overview
DTS-612
TRAINEE'S ENVIRONMENT
DTS - functional overview
DISPATCHER CONSOLES
ENERGY CONTROL CENTER OPERATIONS
CONTROLCENTERMODEL
POWER SYSTEM MODEL
INSTRUCTOR POSITION
INSTRUCTOR CONSOLES
DATABASE CONSTRUCTION
AND INITIALIZATION
PLANT OPERATOR ACTIONS SUBSTATION OPERATOR ACTIONS NEIGHBORING UTILITY OPERATOR ACTIONS ACTS OF NATURE SIMULATOR INITIALIZATION CONTROL AND REVIEW
INSTRUCTOR'S ENVIRONMENT
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Dispatcher Training Simulator
The primary objective of the DTS is to provide a tool for training
system dispatchers. The DTS function resides in the energy
control center but it is isolated from all the real-time Energy
Management System activities.
The DTS is executed in its own environment and therefore,
operations in the DTS have absolutely no impact the real-time
functions.
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Elements of DTS
DTS Control This function consists of the control of the DTS
which is typically performed by the instructor.
Event Scheduler provides simulation control by simulating
predefined events to be implemented during a training session.
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Elements of DTS(Cont.)
Model construction and Initialization consists of the process of
building of various models that are needed for proper simulation
of the power system – SCADA, network and generation model.
Energy Control System simulates the normal EMS functions in
DTS. This is the only part of the system with which trainees
interact.
Power system Dynamic simulation simulates the dynamic
behavior of power system. The prime mover dynamics and
relays are modeled to behave in the same way as the actual
devices in the field.
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