Estimates of Loudness, Loudness Discomfort, and the Auditory ...
Program Loudness - Audio Engineering Society Loudness_HAN… · PROGRAM LOUDNESS N U T S & B O L T...
Transcript of Program Loudness - Audio Engineering Society Loudness_HAN… · PROGRAM LOUDNESS N U T S & B O L T...
PROGRAM
LOUDNESS N U T S & B O L T S
Jean Paul Moerman
• forced to keep the remote at hand ... turn up the volume during conversations
... our friends have the same remarksM en K Lippens
• “man bijt hond” ... who put that noise on the tape?
why must the music be so disturbing?R Cools
• something wrong with the soundquality since the news is in a new studio ...
anchor with duller voice and ‘s’-sound ... unclearerS Vervoort
• renovated news ... soundlevel clearly lower than before ...C Vanhoute
• disturbing soundlevels during programchangesH D’Hollander
• TV1 “sound-problem” loudnesslevel has to be correctedY Fredericckx
• please, broadcast “recht op recht” with subtitlesD De Meester
• “recht op recht” music to loud ... conversations incomprehensibleB De Mondt
• new-year concert higher dynamics, nicer soundimage, balanced on Ned2 ...
mix VRT-recordings less carefullD Andries
• clients complain rightly about the VRT-sound is to faint against the otherskabelmaatschappij Limburg
75% COMPLAINTS=
SOUND
proposal for
UNIFORMITYof
TV-SOUND
the viewer
Loudnessproblem
Tekst
9dB
+2
-2-10
+1
+3+4
PPM
-9
TV1 Canvas VT4 VTM K2 NED1 NED2 BBC1
Abs peak
+7
+5+6
+8+9
+2
-2-10
+1
+3
+7
+4+5+6
VU
+8+9
-3
-3-4-5-6
-7-8
loudnessproblem
0
-3
-6
-9
-12
-15
-18
trailer
op
en
ing
sco
re
vo
ice o
ver
inte
rvie
w 1
bu
mp
er
inte
rvie
w 2
en
d s
co
re
dBFS VU
PPM
Peak
conclusions
• processor
• uniformity
conslusions
• processor
• uniformity
• metering levels
• monitoring
• modulation rules
= training & dialogue
metering
VRT norm en ref.levels
metering
analogue
digital
analogue
PPM 10ms
adaptive metering
integration time + scales
monitoring
monitoring
monitoring
monitoring
• 10ms PPM
metering
• 1 sample
• 300ms VU
movie
• Reference 83dB SPL = 0VU
DVD = 77dB SPL
home
• Reference 77dB SPL = 0VU
spl studio = spl home
+ =
80 phon
reference monitoring
postproductie
[email protected] kwaliteitsproject geluid
[email protected] kwaliteitsproject geluid
the viewer
voice as reference
loudness
average
• voice pres. –3/+1dB PPM
• p’s and t’s +3dB PPM
• loudness voice 73dB SPL
• rest is relative to the voice
modulation
tijdsduur impuls PPM dBFS frequentie
4 samples – 0,1ms +9dB 0dB 5-10kHz
1ms +6dB -3dB 1kHz
10ms 0dB -9dB 1kHz
300ms - continu -9dB -18dB 400Hz
modulation
tijdsduur impuls PPM dBFS frequentie
4 samples – 0,1ms +9dB 0dB 5-10kHz
1ms +6dB -3dB 1kHz
10ms 0dB -9dB 1kHz
300ms - continu -9dB -18dB 400Hz
modulation
modulation
CALIB.TONE LEVEL -9dB PPM
MAX. LEVEL +9dB PPM
dynamics
homevoice on 50cm
shout
normal
whisper
studio18 > 14
Mono / NICAM14 > 12
DVB-T 2.0
14 > 14
production
post productiontape + off line
autopromo
St1 / St3 / St5St7
St17&19
AT
OB vanK2 & K3
Continuity
MCRmononicamdigital
MCRmononicamdigital
Continuity
play outserver
PRESETS
Tresholdlevels:
TX-LIM 0dBFS (+9PPM)Multib. LIM –5dBFS (+4PPM)Multib. COM –19dBFS (-10PPM)Ratio 1:1.4Make-up gain +3 tot 4 dB
master control room
DVB-T 2.0
DVB-T 2.0
ITUloudness
standard
• SPPM (abs peak) not applicable
• QPPM (10ms) only speech
• VU (300 msec)
• RMS (600 msec)
• RMS weighted (dbA, LeqA, LeqM)
• Psycgoacoustic (Prof. Zwicker ISO 532 B, Stevens et.al.)Norm only applicable for stationary signals
• NEW NORM: ITUIRT (Spikowski/Klar): statistic average QPPM
standard loudness measurements
Loudness Metering - RMS
• Unweighted RMS = ENERGY
• simple approximation of perceived loudness
• In comparison to SPPM =very useful visualisation of compressor/limiter’s influence
• “Must-have” TOOL FOR serious CD / DVD Mastering(3 Reference Volumes / 3 scales:- broadcast, pop, classic) Katz Scales: K-12 / K-14 / K-20
Very useful solution:
display of 2 Informations at the same time
one for TECHNICAL attributes + one for CONTENT
• SPPM & VU (300 msec)
• SPPM & True RMS (600 msec)
including K-System scale
– “Integrated Approach to Metering, Monitoring, and Levelling Practices” by
Bob Katz
– 3 different scales for wide range, pop and broadcast material (3 REFERENCE VOLUMES !)
• QPPM (10ms Attack) & IRT Loudness
workgroup SRG 3 WP6P(ITU)
• extensive listening tests with 100 samples
• Ca. 100 fragments TV/Radio
• by 5 independent institutes
• coord listening tests Gilbert Soulodre / Communications Research Centre, CRC, Kanada
• 08/2003 discussion first results
• „Draft for Recommendation“ end Q1/2004
Participants SRG 3 (ITU)
• folowing manufacturers have delivered assistantce for these loudness measurements
• DAG2000 / IRT
• Dolby Laboratories• Dorrough
• NHK/
Yamaki
• Opticom• Pinguin
• TC Electronic
• DK Audio
resultsVRT project
+2
-2-10
+1
+3
+7
+4+5+6
+2
-2-10
+1
+3+4
VU
PPM
+8+9
-9
TV1sep
NED1 NED2 BBC1
Abs peak
+7
+5+6
+8+9
-3
-3-4-5-6
-7-8
TV1nov
TV1apr
coles4104
lipmic
• meter levels
• monitoring
• modulation rules
serge bert
marckurt
ronny
pol
ben
hugo
dirk
tom luc
hubert
serge
standard project for studio 1
ER St1 LCT Ant
viewing figures
news oct > apr
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
1 21 41 61 81 101 121 141 161 181 201 221
Series1
St1 Ant
news oct > apr
apreciation figures
LCTER
• forced to keep the remote at hand ... turn up the volume during conversations
... our friends have the same remarksM en K Lippens
• “man bijt hond” ... who put that noise on the tape?
why must the music be so disturbing?R Cools
• something wrong with the soundquality since the news is in a new studio ...
anchor with duller voice and ‘s’-sound ... unclearerS Vervoort
• renovated news ... soundlevel clearly lower than before ...C Vanhoute
• disturbing soundlevels during programchangesH D’Hollander
• TV1 “sound-problem” loudnesslevel has to be correctedY Fredericckx
• please, broadcast “recht op recht” with subtitlesD De Meester
• “recht op recht” music to loud ... conversations incomprehensibleB De Mondt
• new-year concert higher dynamics, nicer soundimage, balanced on Ned2 ...
mix VRT-recordings less carefullD Andries
• clients complain rightly about the VRT-sound is to faint against the otherskabelmaatschappij Limburg
• news still with headsets ... which results in exagerated breathing noises and pops, anoying the audience ... the former deskmicrophones sounded much more
professional
W. Van Marck
viewer complaints reduced from 140 to 2 or 1,4%