CHAPTER NO.2

PROFILE OF STUDY REGION AHMEDNAGAR DISTRICT

Sr. No. PARTICULARS

2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 2.5 2.5.1 2.5.1.1 2.5.1.2 2.5.1.3 2.5.2 2.5.3 2.6 2.7 2.7.1 2.7.2 2.7.3 2.7.4 2.7.5 2.7.6 2.7.7 2.7.8 2.8 2.9 2.10 2.11 2.12 2.13 2.14 2.15 2.16 2.17 2.18 2.19 2.20 2.21 2.22 2.23 2.24

INTRODUCTION HISTORY OF AHMEDNAGAR LOCATION GEOLOGY LAND FORMS MOUNTAION AND HILLY REGION SAYADRI HILLS KALSUBAI RANGE CENTRAL PLATEAU REGION REGION OF NORTHERN AND SOUTHERN PLAINS DRAINAGE SYSTEM RIVER BASINS GODAVARI BASIN PRVARA BASIN ADULA MAHALUNGI MULA DHORA BHIMA SINA CLIMATE RAINFALL TEMPERATURE HUMIDITY CLOUDINESS WINDS SOIL AGRICULTURE IRRIGATION ANIMAL HUSBANDRY POPULATION MEDICAL FACILITY TRANSPORT AND COMMUNICATION INDUSTRIES CO-OPERATIVE DEVELOPMENT IN THE DISTRICT EDUCATION TOURISM

CHAPTER NO.2

PROFILE OF STUDY REGION AHMEDNAGAR DISTRICT

2.1 INTRODUCTION

Ahemednager district has religious heritage. Most of these religious centers attract to

tourist, like Shirdi, Shignapur, Newasa, Mohotadevi etc. The district is surrounded by

Aurangabad, Beed, Osmanabad, Nasik, Solapur,Thana, and Pune. Ahmednagar is a well-known

region in the state of Maharashtra. Ahmednagar town is headquarters of the district. The city is

located on the bank of the Sina River. Marathi is the main language for everyday life contact.

Hindi is moreover widely spoken. In the Ahmednagar district there are Natural Tourist Centers,

Religious Tourist Centers, Historical Tourist Centers and Agro base Tourist Centers.

2.2 HISTORY OF AHMEDNAGAR

The district of Ahmednagar is named after Ahmednagar town. The town is famous since

the medieval times. In the year 1490 when Ahmed Nizam Shah, the founder of the Nizam

dynasty defeated the Bahamani troops under Jahangir Khan near its site. This victory was called

the ‘Victory of Garden’ because on that spot Ahmed Shah built a place and laid out a garden. In

the year 1494 foundation of the city close to Sina River called after him Ahmednagar or city of

Ahmad.

Ahmednagar came into prominence when Nizam selected it for the capital. Ahmednagar

region is familiar by the name of Malik Ahmed. It was the kingdom of Nizanshah. ‘Ahmednagr

is a city in which Jawaharlal Nehru was imprisoned in the 1940.’1 This is a city of walls and

gates. This place today almost all the gates and entire wall around the old town are perished,

traces of it give some idea. The city wall was 6ft. in width and 12 ft. high. There were eleven

gates through the old city was entered. The names suggest that these were built during different

periods.

Nizamshahi came into existence after the end of Bahamani rule. Nizamshahi had its

headquarter first at Junnar which was later on shifted to Ahmednagar in the area called Bhingar.

Nizams of Ahmednagar had their rule over large part of Maharashtra and had constant fights with

Mughals and Marathas. Akbar, the Mughal king almost finished the Nizamshahi, but actual end

came in 1835-36 when Shahjahn conquered Shivaji, the great Maratha Sardar and father of

Chhatrapati Shivaji who tried to save Nizamshahi and its young heir. Ultimately Shahaji had to

give up and Mughals captured Ahmednagar and the heir. Thus came to an end the Nizamshahi.

Mughal ruled in this area till the death of Aurangzeb. After the death of Aurangazeb, Shahu, the

son of Sambhaji was released who came to Satara and after sometime appointed himself as the

king of Marathas, thus began the Maratha rule in Maharashtra. In 1818 the British took over the

Maharashtra till 1947. After non-co-operation movement galvanized the political life of this

district. In 1942 Quit India Movement caught up speed. Among all these activities the district

took prominent role.

2.3 LOCATION

Ahmednagr district is the center of Maharashtra state and biggest district in the state. The

Ahmednagar district is located between 180 2’ to 190 9’ North latitude and 730 9’ to 750 5’ East

longitude. ‘The district has 1897 Sq.km. forest area. Out of this 1431 Sq.kms. comes under

forest department. This includes 1377 Sq.kms. are reserved, 14 Sq.kms. are protected,

48Sq.kms. are unclassified. Revenue department has 459Sq.kms. forest, under it out of which 3

Sq.kms. are unclassified and 456 Sq.kms. are reserved. 7 Sq.kms. forests are meant for fuels,

fodder and miscellaneous usages. The forest mainly consists of teak, neem, babul, sisam,

sandalwood, khair, hiwar, herkal, amoni, apta, ber etc. Vast stretches of grass are available. The

main area of forest is located in Akola, Sangamner tehsils.’2

MAP NO. 2.1

LOCATION MAP

For managerial function Ahmednagar district is alienated into fourteen talukas such as

Ahmednage, Rahuri,Shrirampur, Newasa, Shevgaon, Pathardi, Jamkhed, Karjat, Shrigonda,

Parner, Akole, Sangamner, Kopergaon and Rahata. There are 1579 habited and two inhabited

villages in the Ahmednagar district.

2.4 GEOLOGY

The entire district is occupied by basaltic lava –flows erupted in the Cretaceous -Eocene

age, which are popularly known as Deccan traps. These lava-flows are sometimes associated

with inter-trapping beds such as limestone sandstone, clay shale’s, red bole beds, porous ash.

This mantle of black cotton soil present almost everywhere on the basalts, river alluvium,

sands, gravel, clays and silts represent the recent deposits in the district, Calcareous concretions

and nodules, known as kankar is commonly associated with soil , more concentrated in the

vicinity of the stream-courses.

2.5 LAND FORMS

The Ahmednagar neighborhood comprises a variety of domain forms. There are

mountainous in region. They are Sahyadri, Adula, Baleshwar, Harishchandragad, Ratangad,

Kulang and Ajuba. The tourist can enjoy with Vita ghat on the root of Randha falls and the

Chandanpuri ghat on the Pune-Sangamner road. This Ahmednagar district can be divided in to

three broad physiographic divisions viz.

MAP NO. 2.2

CONTOUR MAP

1. Mountain and Hilly Region.

2. Plateau Region

3. River Basins

4.

2.5.1 MOUNTAION AND HILLY REGION

2.5.1.1 SAYADRI

The Sahyadri forms for continues natural border connecting Ahmednagar and Thane

districts. The three hill of Ajuba Dongar 1375 meters, Kulang 1470 meters, Harishchandragad

1424 meters, Ratangad 1297 meters, these are the most striking of the tall peak of Sahyadri

inside the Ahmednagar district.

2.5.1.2 HILLS

There are four hilly ranges which are found in the Ahmednagar district. They are as

follows-

2.5.1.3 KALSUBAI RANGE

The Kalsubai Range is a branch of Kulang pick. (1646 meters)The Kalsubai range take a

south easterly way running similar with Mahalungi River. This range, come to southern parts of

Sinnar taluka of Nasik district.

2.5.1.4 ADULA HILLS

The Adula hills starts from the Kalsubai range near the peak of Patta. This range

suddenly ends Northwards of Sangamner. It has structural level at a height of 1000 meters.

2.5.1.5 BALESHWAR RANGE

The Baleshwar range, the second great spur of the Syahyadri, branches off at Ratangad,

11 km of southeast of Kulang and completely traverses the Akola and Sangmner taluka forming

the watershed between the Pravara in the North and the Mula in the South. On this range, East

of Ratangad, are a series of lofty, craggy peaks such as Katra dongar, Mura,Wakarai, Shirunj,

Ghanchakar (1532m), Bahiroba and Sindola. The range culminates with Baleshwar as a central

mass whose submit has been crowned by a temple in Hemad Panthi style now in ruins and

surrounded by spurs radiating from the centre in all directions. On an isolated hill at the end of

one of thus spurs extending on the North-West is the fort of Pemgad. Between Baleshwar and

Hevargaon which is the last notable peak in the range is the Chandanapuri valley. East of

Hevargaon, the hills decrease in height and finally subside in the open plains just West of

Rahuri. This range is about 100 kilometers long.

2.5.1.6 HARICHANDRAGAD RANGE

The third range which leaves the Sahyadri at Harichandragad is the longest in the

district, and forms the main watershed between the Godavari and Bhima rivers. Its direction for

the first 25 kilometers is easterly, the Mula river flows between it and the Baleshwar range. This

range forms the boundary between Ahmednagar and Pune districts. East of Harichandragad fort

on this range lays the Bala Killa. Near Brahman wada, the range gradually decreasing in height

takes a turn to the Southeast and enters Parner taluka which is completely traverses. The

summits of the hills here widen into the plateau of Kanhor, 850 meters above the mean sea-level

and 200meters above the bed of the Ghod River, on the west the range presents a wall – like

front toward the river. Near the village of Jamgaon in Parner taluka, the flat topped ridge shoots

to the Northeast to form a watershed between the tributaries of the Godavari and the Bhima. The

main ridge continues further southeast with widening summits and gradually widens into a flat-

level country known as Balaghat that extends far into the district.

The length of the hills from the main line of Sahyadri to the Balaghat is about 200 kms.

The branch of this range leaving Kanhore Plateau crosses the North-Eastern corner of Shrigonda

taluka and enters Karjat taluka. A distinguishing feature of this branch is the succession of

Pathar of flat-topped hills that are so uniformly horizontal as to present an artificial appearance.

Besides these leading ranges, there are many hills isolated and forming backbone of the

ridges between the streams. Though they do not rise to any great heights than the general level

of the plateau, locally they form prominent features. All these hilly areas are not suitable for

agricultural activities as they are having rugged or hard topography and steep slope.

2.5.2 CENTRAL PLATEAU REGION

The Ahmednagar district lies between Baleshwar range and Harichandragad range has

an average width of 50kms.and has a trend North-West to South-East along the length of the

district from Akola in the North-West to Jamkhed in the southeast. It has average elevation of

over 900 meters in the west and less than 600 meters in the East having a general southeasterly

slope. From the Harichandraged range to its West, it goes down in elevation to form the crest of

a tableland. North of the city of Ahmednagar, that crest raises gain to the dignity of a mountain

range locally known as the Agargaon range.

2.5.3 REGION OF NORTHERN AND SOUTHERN PLAINS

This region includes Northern Kopergaon, Rahata, Shrirampur, Rahuri, Newasa,

Shevegaon and Pathardi talukas. This is the area of the Godavari and Pravara River basins. At

the Parts of the Shrigonda, Karjat talukas of Shrigonda, Karjat, Jamkhedare also included in this

physical division. This region covers basins of the Ghod, Bhima and the Sina rivers.3

MAP NO. 2.3

DRANAGE MAP

2.6 DRAINAGE SYSTEM

The drainage system of the district besides Godavari and Bhima, includes their tributaries

respectively Pravara, Adula, Mahalungi, Mula,Dhora rivers and Ghod and Sina. The district has

only one natural reservoir call Visapur tank in Shrigonda taluka. ‘The drainage system is an

integrated system of tributaries and trunk streams which collect and funnel surface water to the

sea, lake or some other body of water. The total area that contributes water to a single drainage

system is known as a drainage basin.’4

Drainage pattern refers to a design which a river and its tributaries form together, from

its source to its mouth. The factors controlling the pattern of drainage in a region include the

topography, slope, structural control, and nature of rocks, tectonic activities, supply of water, and

above all, the geological history of that region.

2.7 RIVER BASINS

Ahmednagar district is shattered by two main rivers; Godavari and Bhima which is the

branch of Krishna. The water-shed contour is the great encourage of the Sahyadris which

branches off at Harichandragad and stretches completely across the district from West to East.

The main reveres fluid through the district is Paravara, Mula and Dhora. These rivers plains are

at elevation of less than 600 meters. The famous waterfall Randha is creating by Pravara River

in Akola tahasil.

2.7.1 GODAVARI BASIN

The River Godavari is drains by far the larger part of the district; it covers the tahsils of

Kopargaon, Sangamner, Akola,Rahuri, Newasa, Shevgaon. It also covers the Northern half of

Parner and parts of Ahmedngar and Jamkhed thahasil. Godavari rises near Trimbak in Nasik it

receives the Banganga and the Kadva it receives from the South the combined water of Kat and

Khara rivers. From Puntamba to a point beyond Paithan, this distance is sixty miles.

2.7.2 PRVARA BASIN

The Pravara River rises from the Sahayadri. The flow of water reach easterly way, near

the village Ranada. Water fall into rock-strewn chasm 200 feet deep. This flow across the part

of the Akole taluka and then receives at Newasa taluk, the span of Pravara River is 120 mails.

The water of Pravara developed the Wilson Dam, Randha fall and Umbrella fall.

2.7.3 ADULA

The Adulariver is rises at Akola tahasil on the slopes of Patta and Mahakali. It flow for

fifteen miles at Eastern way of hills; Total length of Adula River is only 40 km.

2.7.4 MAHALUNGI

The river Mahalungi rises on the Southern slopes of Patta and Aundha. After the way of

three miles it go through Nasik district flowing to the Adula. The Mahalungi, flow is about 40

km. long.

2.7.5 MULA

The Mula River rises on the Sahaydris. It flows 20 miles similar to Pravara tough the

Southernmost or Kotul valley of Akola tahsil. It flows through Sangamner taluka. After flow of

30 kilometers, this river joins the Pravara in Sangam. Length of the river is 145 kilometers.

2.7.6 DHORA

Dhora River rises on the slopes of the hills east of the Ahmednagar town. This river

flows North-easterly, draining Shevgaon and part of Newasa taluka. It receives in Godavari

River.

2.7.7 BHIMA

The Bhima River is main branch of the Krishna. This river is rises in the Bhimashankar at

the Western Ghats. Chief branches of these rivers are the Sina and Nira. The Bhima flows in a

well-entrenched basin, and its banks are heavily inhabited. It is inundated in August following

the rain and is nearly inactive in March and April. Limited irrigation works supplement the scant

provider of rainfall. Bhima drains the complete of the Southern portion of the region, comprising

the huge division of the Parner and Ahmednagarthasil. The entire Shrigonda, Karjat and almost

the whole Jamkhed tehsil approach beneath the Bhima darning.

2.7.8 SINA

The sina River has sources of two main flows, one near Jamgaon 14 miles western of the

city Ahmedngar and Jeur 10 mailes of the North-east of city. The city Ahmednagar is build on

bank of this river, which takes South-easterly curse. Leaving the district boundary it falls into the

river Bhima.

2.8 CLIMATE

Ahmednagar district mainly experiences a tropical climate. The weather in the summer

season is hot and humid while the winter season is pleasant. The climate is characterized by a

warm summer and universal aridness throughout chief element of the year except for the period

of South-west downpour period. The cold season persists for three months from December to

February. Generally from March to the first week of June there is hot season. It is follow by the

South-west monsoon period which lasts till the September every year.

2.9 RAINFALL

The Ahmednagar is mostly in rain shadow from East of Western Ghats. Close to the

Western boundary of the Ahmednagar region the rainwater decrease fast as one proceeds

towards East. Rainfall is the current solitary climate element influencing the intensity and

location of farming systems and the farmer’s choice of enterprises. It is also becomes a climatic

hazard to farming when it is characterized with scantiness, concentration, intensity in the

minimal regions where average or normal rainfall is generally necessary for successful crop

production. In such areas the system of crop producing must be correlated more or less to the

moisture factor.

MAP NO. 2.4

RAINFALL MAP

TABLE NO. 2.1 RAINFALL IN MM

MEAN ANNUAL RAINFALL, INTENSITY OF RAINFALL AND CO- EFFICIENT OF

RAINFALL VARIABILITY IN AHMEDNAGAR FROM 2001-2011

Source: Computed by the Author.

2.10 TEMPERATURE

In the Ahmednagar region, the cold climate starts by concerning the center of November

and continue till February. Month of December is the maximum cold month of the year with the

mean daily highest temperature at 28.50 C and lowest at 11.70 C. Therapeutic the cold period the

Ahmednagar district is from time to time precious by cold influence in association with the

passage of western conflict. From start month of March to the shatter of South-west, cloudburst

Sr. No.

Name of Taluka

Mean Annual rainfall

No. of Rainy days

Intensity Of rainfall

Co-efficient Of rainfall variability%

1 Ahmednagar 657 31 21.9 40.49

2 Rahuri 649 28 23.17 41.44

3 Shirampur 640 31 20.65 41.57

4 Newasa 591 29 20.37 35.42

5 Shevgaon 608 31 19.63 28.28

6 Pathardi 571 36 19.74 35.35

7 Jamkhed 603 35 17.22 41.50

8 Karjat 668 31 21.55 35.84

9 Shrigonda 663 31 20.43 36.83

10 Paener 523 32 16.33 34.16

11 Akole 739 30 24.64 50.07

12 Sangamner 548 29 18.88 34.69

13 Kopergaon 513 26 19.72 29.85

14 Rahata 518 28 17.64 28.54

Total 626 30.76 18.86 23.85

the day temperature adds to increasingly, the nights residual moderately cold. In the summer

season, the baking heat of the afternoons is occasionally.

MAP NO. 2.5

TEMPERATURE MAP

May is the hottest month of the year with the mean daily maximum temperature at 38.90

C and minimum at 22.40C. Occasionally the temprature goes up to 430C or 44 0C. In the

Ahmednagar district there is an appreciable drop in hotness and climate becomes pleasant.

TABLE NO. 2.2

MAXIMUM - MINIMUM TEMPERATURE IN AHMEDNAGAR

DISTRICT- 2011

Source

- Socio-

Econo

mic

Abstrac

t of

Ahmed

nagar

District

; 2010

2.11

HUMI

DITY

In the Ahmednagar district the atmosphere is usually waterless throughout the months on

or after February to May and mainly so in the afternoons when the moisture is about 20 percent

on the normal. The virtual dampness throughout South-West heavy rainfall season is between 60

to 80 percent. And there after it decrease rapidly.

2.12 CLOUDINESS

In the Ahmedangar district skies are usually clouded in monsoon season. In the post-

monsoon period it had decrease. Rest of the year the skies are plain or flippantly cloudy.

Sr.

No.

Name of

month

Maximum

Temp-in 0c

Minimum

Temp in 0c

1 January 30.4 9.8

2 February 33.3 16.0

3 March 37.4 17.3

4 April 40.6 20.6

5 May 37.8 22.6

6 June 31.5 21.7

7 July 30.3 21.9

8 August 30.1 21.1

9 September 30.0 20.7

10 October 30.8 18.9

11 November 31.7 13.0

12 December 30.4 10.1

District; avg. 32.9 17.8

2.13 WINDS

Winds are normally glowing to reasonable with some increase in the South-West

monsoon months in Ahmednagar district. The direction of wind is South-West and North-West.

Winds from the North-West and North are common in the post-monsoon season.

2.14 SOIL

The loose material or the upper layer of the mantle rock consisting mainly of very small

particles and humus which can support the growth of plants knows as soil. The whole district is

engaged by basaltic lava stream, which is commonly recognized as the ‘Deccan Traps’. The soils

in the Ahmedangar district can generally be classified into 4 categories that are coarse shallow

soil, medium black soil, deep black soil and reddish. Kopargaon and Shrirampur, in this talukas

have relatively a good quality deepness of soil. The intensity of top soil and other factor, only

26% of the region is appropriate for twice cropping while the rest is apposite only for crops

similar to Bajari, Groundnut, Sunflower, Grasses and Plantation. Close to the Pravara River and

Godavari River white tracts of bottomless wealthy domain are found.

2.15 AGRICULTURE

Farming is the main activity of the people in Ahmednagar district. The agriculture of the

district belongs to two categories namely hilly region and plain region. In the hilly region the

soil is reddish and not of good quality with less depth. Whereas the plain area has five types of

soils, mainly black and brown and depth varies as of place. The soil in the middle region of the

district has more depth than other area. But the banks of Tapi are not good for cultivation.

The largely grown cereals in the district are Jowar, Bajara, Wheat and Rice. Jowar

occupies major area, Bajara comes next. Wheat and Sugarcane are gaining more importance and

irrigation developments helping in this direction. Jowar is produced twice in a year. Wheat and

some other allied product is rabbi products are mainly grown in black soil area. The North and

North-western part is known for rice cultivation. Horticulture and floriculture of the areas is

comparatively very poor. Sweet lime, grapes, sour lime, banana were the major fruits grown-up

in the region. Vegetables are full-fledged in a lot of parts of Ahmednagar district as the market is

available on growing scale. Potatoes, Onion, Tomato, Brinjal, Cauliflower and Cabbage are

grown on large scale.

Ahmednagar district has an Agricultural University namely ‘Mahatama PhuleKrushi

Vidayapith, Rahuri’, and many centers of research by the government. That has developed the

farming aspect. Otherwise prior of few years the district was considered as a backward area for

agriculture.

TABLE NO. – 2.3 THE CLASSIFICATION OF LAND BY USE

Sr.No. Subject Area Hector Percentage

1 Under Forest 131593 9.85

2 Non Agriculture Land 196557 3.40

3 Fallow Land 78661 9.68

4 Barren Land 125133 7.94

5 Under Cultivation 1185846 69.31

Total 1667788 100

Source - Ahmednagar district statistic dept.

2.16 IRRIGATION

Total geographical area of Ahmednagar district is 16.68 Lakh hector make use of the

growth of agricultural division wells, tanks and rivers are used for the point of irrigation in

Ahmednagar district. Besides, well watering and channel watering systems support the

irrigational aspect. Ahmednagar, Kopergaon, Karjat, Shrirampur, Sangamner, Pathardi, Parner,

and Rahata talukas have a huge figure of wells than in further talukas. Almost all the dams or

bandharas were built of mud and found throughout the district especially in Parner, Shrigonda,

Karjat, Ahmednagar, Kopargaon and Sangamner taluka and these were built on seasonal

streams.

There are lakes at Musalvadi, Visapur, Bhatodi and Gunvadi in the Ahmednagar, district.

In Akola taluka Bhandardara dam constructed on River Pravara, which irrigated the ground of

Rahata, Sangamner, Shrirampur, Rahuri talukas. Other sources of the irrigation in the region are

percolation tanks and lift irrigation schemes.

2.17 ANIMAL HUSBANDRY

The district has cattle breeding farm at Kopargaon under State sector. Gir cows are

famous for their milk yield. There are several key village centers meant for group of villages.

These centers provide treatment to the animals, castration, and improvement of fodder and

development of marketing facilities. Premium bull scheme is under operation in the district to

improve the cattle stock. In this scheme some maintenance charges and subsidies towards the

actual cost of the bull are given to the farmers. Poultry development block is established in the

district. Under this scheme various facilities are provided such as the technical guidance and

advice, vaccinations, short training course, loans in kind, supply of improved birds and feed,

marketing etc.

2.18 POPULATION

Growth of population, density of population, man land ratio, sex ratio, and literacy are the

elements of population are important in the community, civilizing and financial growth of the

district. An attempt has been made to assess growth of population, density of population,

literacy, human population in relation to study area. The growth of population in any area is an

index of its economic development, social awaking and much other character. The growth of

population is one of the significant factors associated with man’s occupancy. In other words, it

flows in size from time to time and people migrate temporarily or permanently both within the

administrative boundaries and across them. The growth of population means any change in

population number.

Census 2001, Ahmednagar district have a populace of 32,36,945 of were 16,61,811 males

and females were 15,75,134. This district population constitute 4.04 percent of total population

of the state. Average literacy rate of Ahmednagar is 75.82% in 2001.

MAP NO. 2.6

POPULATION MAP

2.19 LITERACY

Literacy is necessity for all those who wish to practice the educational occupation on

modern lines. Literacy and population growth are two factors which being about a change in

social activities, therefore the worth of literacy has to assess by its effectiveness as an instrument

of social and cultural development on progressive lines.

Literacy percentage was increased to a greater extent in every talukas during the period of

investigation. In 2001 below 70 % literacy was observed only in Jamkhed talukas. Where as

70% – 75 % literacy was noticed in Shevgaon, Pathardi, Parner, Shrigonda and Karjat taluka.

Above 75% literacy was experienced in Ahmednagr taluka. District average literacy percentage

75.82% in 2001.

MAP NO.2.7

MALE-FEMALE POPULATION

TABLE NO. 2.4

DENSITY OF POPULATION, PER SQ. KM. IN 2001

Source

-

Ahmed

nagar

district

statisti

c dept.

TAB

LE NO. – 2.5

DECENNIAL GROWTH POPULATION IN AHMEDNAGAR DISTRICT

No

.

Taluka Total

area

Total

Population

Male Female Density M/F

Ratio

1 Nagar 1473.33 230733 119280 111453 157 934

2 Rahuri 949.34 230108 118817 111291 242 937

3 Shriramapur 540.58 167697 86396 81301 310 941

4 Newasa 1343.43 326698 168624 158074 243 937

5 Shevgaon 1031.85 203676 104299 99377 197 953

6 Pathardi 1186.09 192045 98139 93906 162 957

7 Jamkhed 849.09 106562 54594 51968 126 952

8 Karjat 1503.61 205674 106420 99254 137 933

9 Shrigonda 1519.98 251032 129445 121587 165 939

10 Parner 1930.28 246552 124041 122511 128 988

11 Akole 1505.08 266638 135062 131576 177 974

12 Sangamner 1685.11 360114 184615 175499 214 951

13 Kopergaon 707.56 206340 106872 99468 292 931

14 Rahata 707.68 243076 125207 117869 343 941

Total 16933.01 3236945 1661811 1575134 191 948

SR. No. Year of

Census

Population of District Decennial Growth

Total Urban Rural Total Urban Rural

1 1961 1775969 187315 1588654 +25.88 -12.41 +32.83

2 1971 2269117 251500 2017617 +27.76 +34.76 +27.00

3 1981 2708309 351368 2356941 +19.36 +39.29 +16.82

4 1991 3372935 533481 283954 +24.54 +52.14 +20.47

5 2001 4040642 803697 3236945 +21.20 +50.56 +15.67

Source - Ahmednagar district statistic dept.

2.19 MEDICAL FACILITY

The medical services in the Ahmednagar district are satisfactory. The primary health centers and

family planning centers are located at all talukas and towns in Ahmednagar district. Modern and

well equipped hospitals are located at Ahmednagar city, Rhahta, Pravaranagar, Shirdi,

Shrirampur, Shevgaon etc., and they have satisfactory medical services.

TABLE NO. – 2.6 GOVERNMENT ADDED AND PUBLIC MEDICAL

SERVICES

SR.

No.

Tuluka Hospi

tals

Disp. Mater

nity

P.H.C. Sub.

P.H.C.

Dr. Nur

se

Beds

1 Nagar 2 6 3 9 43 20 72 614

2 Rahuri 3 1 3 6 38 18 66 66

3 Shriramapur 1 2 1 6 31 14 45 66

4 Newasa 2 0 2 9 41 24 64 14

5 Shevgaon 2 0 2 6 37 16 57 96

6 Pathardi 1 0 2 6 32 14 57 86

7 Jamkhed 1 1 1 3 22 08 32 48

8 Karjat 1 0 1 5 34 12 46 80

9 Shrigonda 1 1 1 7 39 16 53 72

10 Parner 2 0 2 7 41 18 62 102

11 Akole 4 0 4 10 70 30 115 180

12 Sangamner 2 2 3 10 67 26 97 150

13 Kopergaon 2 3 1 6 32 14 45 66

14 Rahata 2 1 3 6 30 20 60 126

Total 26 17 29 96 557 250 865 1866

Source- District Health Officer,Ahmednagar district.

2.20 TRANSPORT AND COMMUNICATION

Provisions of quality and efficient infrastructure services are essential to realize the full

potential of growth impulses surging through the economy. The present transport system

comprises several modes of transport including - Road, Rail and Airways. Transport has

recorded a substantial growth over the years both in the spread of its network and in the output of

its system. The Ministry of Transport is responsible for the formation and implementation of

policies and programs for the development of various modes of transport expect railways and

civil aviation.

MAP NO. 2.8

TRANSPORATION MAP

2.20.1 ROADS

In the Ahmednagar district road network consists of – National Highways, State

Highways, Major District Roads, Other District Roads and Village Panchayat Roads. National

highways are major trunk transportation of national significance, operation from beginning to

end the length and width of the nation. They jointly form a system linking major cities, of states

and additional highways. Pune-Nasik and Kalyan-Vishakhapattanam these two national highway

passing through the district. The state transport in the district is much developed because of

undeveloped rail route.

Table No. - 2.7 ROADS IN AHMEDNAGAR DISTRICT.

No. Taluka National

H.W.

k.m.

State

H.W.

Dist.

H.W.

Oth.Dis.

H.W.

k.m.

Village

Road

k.m.

Total

Length

k.m. k.m. k.m.

1 Nagar 0.00 225.5 153.80 0.00 0.00 379.32

2 Rahuri 0.00 0.00 0.00 230.85 348.50 579.35

3 Shriramapur 0.00 47.80 108.80 194.50 0.00 351.10

4 Newasa 0.00 0.00 0.00 353.20 554.10 907.30

5 Shevgaon 0.00 0.00 0.00 194.90 324.00 518.90

6 Pathardi 0.00 0.00 0.00 258.20 279.90 538.10

7 Jamkhed 0.00 114.2 129.90 0.00 0.00 244.13

8 Karjat 0.00 164 177.10 0.00 0.00 341.05

9 Shrigonda 0.00 154.9 301.70 0.00 0.00 456.55

10 Parner 0.00 117.2 258.62 0.00 0.00 375.84

11 Akole 0.00 185.50 223.34 304.50 335.50 1048.84

12 Sangamner 61.00 105.50 27.30 256.90 368.5 1019.15

13 Kopergaon 0.00 34.50 164.50 0.00 0.00 199.00

14 Rahata 0.00 42.53 109.43 0.00 0.00 151.96

Total 61.00 1191.60 1854.49 1793.05 2210.45 7110.59

Source – Ahmednagar district statistic dept.

2.20.2 RAILWAY

Dound –Manmad line up of the Central Railway is the simply railway line transient from

beginning to end the Ahmednagar district. It is a broad-gauge lone line covering a span of 197

km. and 24 stations in the Ahmednagar district. The railway line approximately bisects this

Ahmednagar district upright and traverses through shrigonda, Shrirampur, Ahmednagar,

Rahuri, Kopergaon and Parner talukas. It thus serves the transportation require of the area

having sugar industries in the Ahmednagar district. Other talukas of the Ahmednagar district

does not advantage by railway line.

2.20.3 AIRWAY

The district Ahmednagar does not have advantage of air transfer service. Recently there

is a opportunity airplane near Shirdi. However, an aircraft corridor ribbon had been provided by

the Indian Air Force in Ahmednagar city. This air strip is too used for the corridor of airplane

transport the dignitaries as and when necessary.

2.20.4 THE POSTAL SERVICE

The Ahmednagr district as in the state is much developed but recent communication

system has hampered the postal services. Almost all the villages have telephone service i.e.

P.C.O. station and telephones have reached to majority of the houses including mobile phones.

The private courier services have also been developed in the Ahmednagar district.

MAP NO. 2.9

COMMUNICATION FACILITY MAP

TABLE NO. - 2.8 COMMUNICATION FACILITY IN AHMEDNAGA R

DISTRICT .

No. Taluka Post

offices

Post Box Postman P.O. in

villages

Personal

telephone

PCO

1 Nagar 67 235 105 121 30954 1716

2 Rahuri 34 189 28 91 6321 550

3 Shriramapur 45 236 48 54 11987 1374

4 Newasa 43 195 27 99 5236 583

5 Shevgaon 43 103 47 115 3527 333

6 Pathardi 42 145 42 145 4052 282

7 Jamkhed 24 91 25 87 3230 522

8 Karjat 39 130 43 122 2658 210

9 Shrigonda 52 175 42 125 6280 497

10 Parner 65 170 43 122 4900 419

11 Akole 57 160 60 191 2912 482

12 Sangamner 77 204 85 170 9424 628

13 Kopergaon 59 120 60 80 5520 453

14 Rahata 17 115 18 58 3816 336

Total 664 2268 673 1580 100803 8385

Source - Ahmednagar district statistic dept.

2.21 INDUSTRIES

Industrial development is considered as one of the important indicators of socioeconomic

and human development. Before the rise of modern industries, India was known all over the

world for its cottage and household industries. Ahmednagar is not an industrial district. It is

basically an agricultural district

Sugar factories in Ahmednagar district are called ‘Sugar Bowl’ of Maharashtra state. At

present there were 19 sugar factories are process with full capability. The increase of sugarcane

farming which was made potential only following the accessibility of irrigation amenities in the

northern talukas of the district however confident the growth of sugar industrialized in the

district. The development of the sugar industries has brought about situation of wealth to a

section of the inhabitants. In detail a volume of financial development in this usually famine-

stricken district is attributable to the increase of sugar industries which in revolve benefited the

farmers.

2.22 CO-OPERATIVE DEVELOPMENT IN THE DISTRICT

Co-operation is a significant mean by which a procedure of momentous increase and

transformation of the economic set up can be accelerated by raising the output. It has become a

principal basis of organizations in many branches of economic life especially agriculture, sugar

industry, milk and milk products and housing. The district economy is mainly dependant on co-

operative sector. Late Padmashree Dr.Vitthalrao Vikhe Patil started the first co-operative sugar

factory in the district at Pravaranagar during the year 1949, which was the first of its kind in the

Asian continent. However dairy co-operatives have also developed as a secondary movement for

the benefit for the farmer. In Ahmednagar 15 co-operative sugar factories, 9310 co-operative

societies, 1281 co-operative dairy societies and four fruit vegetable co-operative societies are the

backbone of rural economy. Ahmednagar District central co-operative bank established in 1958.

.

2.23 EDUCATION

In the present context of global economy, an access to the basic education is considered

as a human right. The process of human resource development needs more investment in

education, in order to empowerment people with appropriate knowledge, skills, values and

attitudes, to enhance their quality of life, to improve their productivity and to enable them to

participate in the development process. With the introduction of Right of Education act it

essential to provide education to every child. In Maharashtra, education governance, especially

for primary education, takes place through collaborative efforts of the state Government and

local bodies. Pre-Primary, Primary, High Schools, Jr. Colleges and Sr. Colleges are full-fill the

requirements of education needs. There were ‘Technical Institutes’ are also working in the

Ahmedanagar district.

TABLE NO. - 2.9

PRIMARY EDUCATION

No. Taluka Sub. Total Pri. schools

Teacher Boys Girls Toilet Facility

1 Nagar B.&G. 353 1679 31192 25896 289

For Girls 04 25 0 825 03

2 Rahuri B.&G. 287 997 14779 12148 278

For Girls 02 24 0 434 02

3 Shriramapur

B.&G. 156 776 15853 14046 150

For Girls 03 24 0 690 03

4 Newasa B.&G. 264 1063 15503 14201 260

For Girls 03 21 0 592 03

5 Shevgaon B.&G. 253 810 12300 10521 234

For Girls 02 05 0 149 02

6 Pathardi B.&G. 317 1045 13799 11597 296

For Girls 01 07 0 281 01

7 Jamkhed B.&G. 186 587 7709 6813 171

For Girls 04 23 0 716 04

8 Karjat B.&G. 201 390 11190 97387 236

For Girls 03 20 0 702 02

9 Shrigonda B.&G. 377 1138 13974 12170 323

For Girls 01 09 0 411 01

10 Parner B.&G. 351 1058 11596 10097 312

For Girls 01 07 0 153 01

Source -

Ahmednaga

r district

statistic

dept.

2.24

TOURIS

M

Tou

rism is one

of the success stories to the 20th century. The motivation for tourism also includes social

religious and business interest. Tourism and leisure is perhaps the two nicest things in modern

society which helps to promote peaceful co-existence pleasure of the individual and well being

of the general public. It is a smoke less industry and it has in own direct and indirect effect on

economy which regarded at effective instrument of economics developing.

The Maharashtra tourism was established in 1969 and Tourism development Board in

1975 Tourism development is working a restaurant in 52 places. There are 18791 people live at

a time. The total travelers are Buses are 28 and through that travelers we can see area and

central government build a restaurant places to develop costal area the restaurant and total are

building within a one year there are visiting 16 Lakh Tourism and in between there some are

visiting to Maharashtra and to give a Tourist good help and behavior one government established

Mumbai gate control law and Magistrate or city maximum land development law and

government can give a good facility and good guideline to tourist through the all Internet

website.

Our state government started the air conditioner Rail Tour through the Railway

government by the name of Deccan or Orica express in Jan. 2004 and the specialty of that train is

that the train has 21 compartments and 96 Tourist will be travel through that train. In 1989 our

attached the entire all the foreigner and other side tourist be the media of Ganesh ustav and our

forest department and Maharashtra development council started the Nivas and Breakfast yojana.

11 Akole B.&G. 428 1400 15565 13562 403

For Girls 02 10 0 257 02

12 Sangamner

B.&G. 386 1436 20159 17807 375

For Girls 01 05 0 186 01

13 Kopergaon

B.&G. 195 945 15283 12713 187

For Girls 03 36 0 1165 02

14 Rahata B.&G. 177 798 14840 12363 151

For Girls 03 16 0 600 03

Total B.&G. 4021 14622 215742

183672

3665

For Girls 33 232 0 7206 231

REFERENCES

1. Gazetter of India, Maharashtra State, Ahmednagar District; 1976, pp.1

2. The New Encyclopedia Britannica, ed-15th, Vol. I, pp.166.

3. Sharam K.K. (2011), Intellectual’s Sandharbh Maharashtra, Intellectual

Book Bureau, Bhopal.Vol.2. pp.524.

4. WWW.ahmednagar district. Com.in

5. Majid Husain, (2011), Geography of India, Tata McGraw Hill Education

Private Limited, New Delhi, pp.3.1.

6. www.ahmednagar district censes 2001.

7. District Statistic Department, Ahmednagar, 2010-11