University of Applied Sciences of Eastern Switzerland

Prof. Dr. Jasmin Smajic1

Development of Grid Components in the Frame of SCCER--FURIES 1 Institute for Energy Technology (IET) HSR – University of Applied Sciences of Eastern Switzerland Oberseestrasse 10, Rapperswil, Switzerland jasmin.smajic@hsr.ch

University of Applied Sciences of Eastern Switzerland

Outline

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n  Introduction

n  WP4 “Grid Components”: structure and industrial partners

n  WP4: objectives in 2015

n  WP4: key achievements in 2015

n  Examples of research activities and projects

n  Outlook

University of Applied Sciences of Eastern Switzerland

Introduction: Structure of the WP4 “Grid Components”

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Subtask 4.1: “Green” and “Smart-grid-compatible” Power System Components Leader: Jasmin Smajic (HSR)

Subtask 4.2: Live-cycle Optimization and Reliability Analysis Leader: Nicola Schulz (FHNW)

Subtask 4.3: Addressing Instability of Hydro Power Plant During Their Design Leader: Ernesto Casartelli (HSLU)

Subtask 4.4: Embedded Systems for the Electrical Grids Real-time Monitoring Leader: Miroslaw Malek (USI)

University of Applied Sciences of Eastern Switzerland

Introduction: Structure of the WP4 “Grid Components”

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Subtask 4.5 Integration and Intelligence of Storage, Mobility and Renewables Leader: Vinzenz Härri (HSLU, CC IIEE)

Subtask 4.6: PV-systems: Fault Detection and EMC/EMI Leader: Urs Muntwyler (BFH-TI, PV LAB)

Subtask 4.7 High Performance Methods for Coupled Problems Parallel Approaches to Simulation and Optimization Leader: Rolf Krause (USI)

University of Applied Sciences of Eastern Switzerland

Introduction: Industrial Partners

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n  ABB Switzerland Ltd.

n  ABB HV Systems, Zurich-Oerlikon

n  ABB Dry-type Transformers, Zurich-Altstetten

n  ABB Corporate Research, Baden-Dättwil

n  ABB Semiconductors, Lenzburg

n  Siemens

n  Andritz Hydro

n  Romande Energie

n  ¨BKW Energie AG

University of Applied Sciences of Eastern Switzerland

WP4: Objectives 2015 (1)

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Various grid components are analyzed within this work package in order to improve existing and develop new solutions compatible with the needs of future Smart Grids. This year we focus on the following objectives (1):

•  Development and optimization of HF-sensors for PD-detection in GIS •  Battery and inverter test bench & certification •  Investigation of source of start-up instability of hydro power plants •  Specification of real-time grid monitoring for failure prediction •  Concept of a battery storage demonstrator interacting with PV and mobility

infrastructure and total mobility concept for “Luzern Süd”: Feasibility and initialization of a project near “Mattenhof” with SCCER-Mobility. Early stage.

•  Grid integration of E-Mobility charging infrastructure issues in collaboration with SCCER Mobility: placement of intermediate charging stations for public transport services in relation to to the distribution grid

University of Applied Sciences of Eastern Switzerland

WP4: Objectives 2015 (2)

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Various grid components are analyzed within this work package in order to improve existing and develop new solutions compatible with the needs of future Smart Grids. This year we focus on the following objectives (2):

•  PV-MultiMaximum Power Tracker MMPT •  Specification of Library for Parallel in Time-Methods for Component Simulation

and for Parallel Optimization Methods •  Quantitative analysis of applications for solid-state transformers focusing on

low-voltage distribution grids

University of Applied Sciences of Eastern Switzerland

WP4: Key Achievements in 2015 (1)

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VFTs and PD-detection in HV GIS (HSR & ABB High Voltage Systems, Oerlikon): •  Novel PD-sensors were developed •  Analysis of GIS capability to guide HF-waves was performed •  Better understanding of Time-of-Flight (TOF) measurements in GIS was gained Publications: 1.  G. Behrmann, J. Smajic, “RF PD Signal Propagation in GIS: Comparing S-

parameter Measurements with an RF Transmission Model for a Short Section of GIS”, Accepted for Publication in IEEE Transactions on Dielectrics and Electrical Insulation, October 2015.

2.  G. Behrmann, K. Wyss, J. Weiss, M. Schraudolph, S. Neuhold, J. Smajic, “ Signal Delay Effects of Solid Dielectrics on Time-of-Flight Measurements in GIS”, Accepted for Publication in IEEE Transactions on Dielectrics and Electrical Insulation, October 2015.

University of Applied Sciences of Eastern Switzerland

WP4: Key Achievements in 2015 (2)

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Application of SiC Solid-State Transformers in the Swiss electric grid (FHNW & BKW): •  A full-functional solid-state transformer model including a controlled battery storage has been

implemented in DIgSILENT Power Factory (= grid simulation software). •  A model of a real low-voltage grid (located in Rheinfelden AG) has been established and

verified using real measurement data; solid-state transformer functionalities have been implemented to the model.

•  The solid-state transformer functionalities are implemented into a second grid model (= Swiss Energy Park of BKW) in order to assess the impact of solid-state transformers to medium- and high-voltage grid levels.

Publications: 1.  A. Farooq, A. Afram, N. Schulz, and F. Janabi-Sharifi, „Grey-Box Modelling of a Low-Pressure

Electric Boiler for Domestic Hot Water System“, Applied Thermal Engineering 84, 257-267 (2015).

2.  C. Hunziker, N. Schulz, “Application of Power-Electronic Transformers in Low-Voltage Distribution Grids”, submitted to PCIM 2016 conference (Nürnberg, Germany).

University of Applied Sciences of Eastern Switzerland

WP4: Key Achievements in 2015 (3)

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Achievements (USI, Prof. M. Malek): •  Methodology for failure prediction of power grid based on advanced data analysis •  Taxonomy - classification of disturbances •  Failure prediction optimization for availability enhancement

Publications: 1.  I. Kaitović, S. Luković, and M. Malek, "Unifying Dependability of Critical Infrastructures:

Electric Power System and ICT (Concepts, Figures of Merit and Taxonomy)", IEEE Pacific Rim International Symposium on Dependable Computing (PRDC), Zhangjiajie, China, 11/2015

2.  I. Kaitović, S. Luković, and M. Malek, "Proactive Failure Management in Smart Grids for Improved Resilience (A Methodology for Failure Prediction and Mitigation)", IEEE GLOBECOM SmartGrid Resilience (SGR) Workshop, San Diego, CA, USA, 12/2015 (to be published)

3.  K. Balać, M. Prevostini, and M. Malek, "Optimizing Sensor Nodes Placement for Fault-tolerant Trilateration-based Localization", IEEE Pacific Rim International Symposium on Dependable Computing (PRDC), Zhangjiajie, China, 11/2015

University of Applied Sciences of Eastern Switzerland

WP4: Key Achievements in 2015 (4)

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Concept of a battery storage demonstrator in relation to mobility (HSLU, Prof. Härri): •  Definition of the light-house project “Lucerne Süd” including SCCER-Mobility •  Finding project partners; first meetings; ongoing definitions of work packages •  Preparation of MATLAB Simulations including all interactions (PV, grid, stationary

storage, thermal storage, mobility) •  Supporting analysis experiences of distribution grid with storage and other components

for CKW (confidential); •  Local student project on combination of PV, storage and grids including also thermal

storages

Publications: 1.  Reports for CKW (confidential)

University of Applied Sciences of Eastern Switzerland

WP4: Key Achievements in 2015 (5)

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Achievements (BFH): •  Final tests on the PV-Multi Maximum Power Tracker MMPT started •  Lightning arc generator finished •  Tests on testbench for smart PV modules ongoing (CTI project) •  Tests with a MPT-/ Li-Battery/ PV-inverter ongoing (Lab and Mont – Soleil) •  New ignition unit for surge current discharge tests finished •  Cross-connector test series finished – publication of the results in 2016 Publications: 1.  Five posters on PV conference in Basel (WP 1 + WP ) 2.  Special session on EVER 2015 in Monaco 3.  10 posters and presentation on PV Konferenz Staffelstein (D)/ EUPVSEC Hamburg

(D)/ Building skins Bern with contect to SCCER – FURIES 4.  Workshop “Task 28 EV2X” of the International Energy Agency IEA (Aprile 2015). 5.  Meeting and visits with DGS Professors for Renewable Energies/ visit to ESReC

(Storage research center) Biel and KWO Grimsel (Feb. 2015) All reports and posters can be seen on www.pvtest.ch!

University of Applied Sciences of Eastern Switzerland

WP4: Key Achievements in 2015 (6)

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Achievements (USI, Prof. R. Krause): Two Software Libraries for Simulation and Optimization: •  Parareal Library (Library for Parallel-In-Time Methods) implemented, tested, and applied to

problems in fluid mechanics •  Library for Parallel Optimization Methods (PASSO) in progress, first parallel prototype up and

running Publications: 1.  J. Steiner, D. Ruprecht, R. Speck, R. Krause, Convergence of Parareal for the Navier-Stokes

equations depending on the Reynolds number. Lecture Notes in Computational Science and Engineering 103, Springer International Publishing, pp. 195 - 202, 2015

2.  R. Krause, D. Ruprecht. Hybrid space-time parallel solution of Burgers' equation. In: Domain Decomposition Methods in Science and Engineering XXI Lecture Notes in Computational Science and Engineering 98, Springer International Publishing, pp. 647 - 655, 2014

3.  Krause, R., Rigazzi, A., and Steiner, J. A parallel multigrid method for constrained minimization problems and its application to friction, contact, and obstacle problems. Computing and Visualization in Science, 2015

4.  Various presentations on Scientific Conferences, including PASC 2015

University of Applied Sciences of Eastern Switzerland

Examples of Research Activities and Projects (1)

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PD-Detection in GIS

The main goals of this project are (a) to understand the propagation of HF-waves emitted by the ionized molecules within a gas insulated switchgear (GIS), (b) to develop efficient sensors to detect these waves, and (c) to find optimal positioning of those sensors. Project partner: ABB High Voltage Systems, Oerlikon.

Subtask  S4.1   “Green”   and   “Smart-­‐grid-­‐compatible”   Power  System  Components  

Academic  partner  HSR  (Prof.  Dr.  Jasmin  Smajic)    Industrial  Partner        

University of Applied Sciences of Eastern Switzerland

Examples of Research Activities and Projects (2)

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International

Reliability of novel SiC Power Semiconductors for Application in Solid-State Transformers

The team focuses on the development of a reliability testing procedure and test results of novel 3.3 kV SiC MOSFET modules; and understanding of physical failure processes of SiC power electronic modules This achievement provides improved knowledge on SiC module lifetime and failure mechanisms; a method to assess the reliability of SiC power electronic devices; and dimensioning of SiC converters for optimal life-cycle sustainability.

Subtask  S4.2.   Life-­‐cycle   optimization   of   power   system   components  and  reliability  analysis    Academic  partner  FHNW  (Prof.  Schulz)    Industrial  Partner        

Image: SiC power-electronic module (image source: CREE)

University of Applied Sciences of Eastern Switzerland

Examples of Research Activities and Projects (3)

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International

FISMEP – ERA-Net Smart Grid Plus (pending project)

The project aims at establishing a novel monitoring architecture which will enable better grid observability with respect to both – type of electric energy source as well as power quality. The “Swiss Energy Park” pilot will be used as a demonstrator for proposed solutions and as a source of relevant information for further development and implementations. Grid failure prediction algorithms will be developed based on historic data and tested using the implemented pilot. Variable selection method will be used to identify the most relevant monitoring parameters..

Subtask  S4.4  Academic  partner  USI-­‐ALaRI  Industrial  Partner    BKW  

University of Applied Sciences of Eastern Switzerland

Examples of Research Activities and Projects (4)

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International

PV-Multi Maximum Power Tracker MMPT

Subtask  

M4.6.1.    

Academic  partner  Berne  University  of  Applied  Sciences    

Industrial  Partner  Helion   Solar   AG/   Brunner+Imboden   AG/   Studer   SA  (not  industrial  partner  yet)  –  as  user  of  the  results    Addi5onal  founding  Swiss  Federal  Office  of  Energy  SFOE    

Final tests on the PV-Multi Maximum Power Tracker MMPT started end of October 2015!

University of Applied Sciences of Eastern Switzerland

Outlook (1)

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2016 Vision (1)

The following activities are planed for 2016 in the frame of this work package: •  Outdoor insulation problems of oil-free HV and MV technology •  Test procedures of battery storage systems dedicate to PV production

compensation •  Start-up instabilities of hydro power plants – validated guidelines •  HPC simulation for hydro power •  Demonstrators of real-time monitoring infrastructure of electrical distribution grid for

failure prediction •  Phasor Measurement Units for distribution power networks based on advanced

embedded systems

University of Applied Sciences of Eastern Switzerland

Outlook (2)

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2016 Vision (2)

The following activities are planed for 2016 in the frame of this work package: •  Demonstrator project for EMT and 1st version of EMT (PLC based) realized for

district demonstrator project •  Data analysis, grid simulation and integration of E-Mobility charging infrastructure •  PV-inverter battery test bench •  Lightning arc detector test procedure •  Micro-grid demonstrator model entirely controlled by power-electronics •  Quantitative assessment of solid-state transformer applications in low-, medium

and high-voltage grids

University of Applied Sciences of Eastern Switzerland

Outlook (3)

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2017 - 2020 Vision

The following activities are planed for the continuation of this work package: •  Failure prediction in transformers and switchgears (USI and HSR) •  Multiphysics simulations of the entire system in one hydro power plant (hydraulic

system, turbine, synchronous generator, and power grid) (HSLU, USI, HSR) •  Application analysis, dimensioning suggestions and sustainability study of Solid-

date state transformers based on SiC-semiconductors (FHNW, HSR, and USI) •  Advanced storage systems for distributed PV-generation (HSLU and BFH) •  Wireless arc detection systems for PV-panels (BFH and HSR) •  EMC/EMI studies of PV-systems (BFH and HSR) •  High performance computing algorithms for multiphysics simulations (HSLU, USI,

and HSR) •  Simulation environment for local and/or extended electric grids, including advanced

control strategies for minimum cost of operation, including case studies (FHNW and USI)