Production of Ultra Slow Antiproton Beam and A Cusp Trap for ` H Synthesis
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Transcript of Production of Ultra Slow Antiproton Beam and A Cusp Trap for ` H Synthesis
Production of Ultra Slow Production of Ultra Slow Antiproton Beam and A Antiproton Beam and A
Cusp Trap for Cusp Trap for H SynthesisH Synthesis
Y.YamazakiY.Yamazaki
On behalf of MUSASHI Group, On behalf of MUSASHI Group,
ASACUSA CollaborationASACUSA Collaboration
Sept.25-26, Villars Meeting
Why intense ultra-slow/trappedWhy intense ultra-slow/trapped ps?ps?
4. Antimatter chemistry:4. Antimatter chemistry:HH22,,HH++,,HH22++ ,etc. ,etc.
11 .. Atomic physics of "Heavy Electron" Atomic physics of "Heavy Electron"
Ionization by Ionization by p vs pp vs p
pApA++ Formation : exchange between Formation : exchange between p & ep & e--
pApA++ : A new probe of nuclear structure : A new probe of nuclear structure
2. Atomic physics of Antimatter 2. Atomic physics of Antimatter
H FormationH Formation
CPT symmetry with H vs CPT symmetry with H vs H (1S-2S, HFI, H (1S-2S, HFI, gravity)gravity)3. Non-neutral plasma physics3. Non-neutral plasma physics
P (P (p) + He p) + He
p (p (p) + Hep) + He++++ + e + e- - + + ee--
Double ionization of HeDouble ionization of He
a few body systema few body system
just Coulomb forcejust Coulomb force
small "Z”small "Z”
weak perturbationweak perturbation
howeverhowever ・・・・・・
After 20years After 20years ++((p)+p)+++++((p)p)==++(p)+(p)+++++(p)(p) by T.Morishita & Sby T.Morishita & S.Watanabe.Watanabe L.H.Andersen et al., PRL57 L.H.Andersen et al., PRL57
(1986)2147, (1986)2147, PRA38(1988)395PRA38(1988)395
pA pA FormationFormation
"n" controllable!!"n" controllable!!
ApeAR
e
Ap
Ap
ApApeeAAp
Knm
KK
eApAp
~~2
)(
J.Cohen, Rep.Prog. Phys.67(04)1769
rpp
r pe
N.Yamanakap+H
Branching ratio : nucleon distr.
Recoil momentum: Fermi motion
Annihilation of Annihilation of p in p in pApA
Dynamics of Non-neutral plasma Dynamics of Non-neutral plasma with with psps
Separation of two Separation of two component plasmascomponent plasmas
(2,0)(2,0) (3,0)(3,0)
p :1x106, e-:3x108,
T~0.6eV, trise~5sec, tcool~30sec
Plasma heating & cooling feature
Non-neutral plasma dynamicsM.Fujiwara et al., PRL92(2004)06500
5
N.Kuroda et al.
Antiproton plasma
H H ProductionProduction
(1) p + e+ H + h(2) p + e+ + nh H + (n+1)h(3) p + e+ + e+ H + e+
(4) p + (e+e-) H + e-
(5) p + A H + e- + A
Realized by ATHENA & ATRAP
A new scheme to synthesize A new scheme to synthesize && traptrapH: H: cusp B-field + octupole E-fieldcusp B-field + octupole E-field
No instability in the cusp field
Magnetic bottle for neutral particles
Relaxation time to 1S state of H
Trajectories of 0.086meVTrajectories of 0.086meV H(1S)H(1S)
=80o =60o =40o
=20o = 5o sum
Trajectories of 0.268meVTrajectories of 0.268meV H(1S)H(1S)
H beam focused, intensified by 400 times
More than 99% spin polarized
Simultaneous confinements of p, e+, AND H
Automatic cooling
Intensity-enhanced Spin-polarized H beam
p determination ppm or better
p magnetic moment p magnetic moment measurementmeasurement
Antiproton Decelerator Antiproton Decelerator (AD) (AD)
3.5GeV/c3.5GeV/c100MeV/c(100MeV/c( ~~ 5.3MeV)5.3MeV) 100keV100keV10keV 10keV KelvinKelvin
3digits
2digits
6digits
AD: 26GeV/c 1.5x1013 p/pulse
3.5GeV/c 4x107p/pulse
0.1GeV/c 3x107p/pulse
1digit
Further DecelerationFurther Deceleration
Now : 5.3MeV Now : 5.3MeV 100keV 100keV 10keV 10keV sub sub eVeV
Traditionally : 5.3MeV Traditionally : 5.3MeV 10keV 10keV sub eVsub eV Foil
degrader
Trap
RFQD
Vacuum
Isolator
Trap
Efficiency: ~0.1%
RFQD + LEBTRFQD + LEBT3415
5T Solenoid
RFQD
Multi-Ring Multi-Ring TrapTrap
LEBT+MRTLEBT+MRT
Harmonic potentialHarmonic potential
Spheroidal plasmaSpheroidal plasma
Rigid rotationRigid rotation
Multi-Ring-Trap Multi-Ring-Trap and Non-neutral and Non-neutral PlasmaPlasma
Non-neutral plasmaNon-neutral plasma
Rigid Rotation of Rigid Rotation of SpheroidSpheroid
CompressionCompression
T-dependent plasma T-dependent plasma modemode
Trapping, Cooling, Trimming, and Trapping, Cooling, Trimming, and ExtractionExtraction
El. Inj.El. Inj.
El. TrimmingEl. Trimming
10keV10keV
p Inj.p Inj.
CoolingCooling
El. Ejc.El. Ejc.
p p CompressionCompression
p Extractionp Extraction
Rotating Wall Compression of Rotating Wall Compression of p under UHVp under UHV
Transported Transported 3.5m downstream 3.5m downstream
3 small apertures*3 small apertures*
>30% efficiency>30% efficiency
* Differential pumping * Differential pumping of 6 orders of of 6 orders of magnitudemagnitude
Ultra SlowUltra Slow p p
ExtractionExtraction
Slow Extraction of Ultra -Slow Extraction of Ultra -Slow Slow p Beamp Beam
p accumulation and p accumulation and extractionextraction
ADAD 3x103x1077p/shot (5MeV)p/shot (5MeV)
30% 30% (30%)(30%)RFQDRFQD 9x109x1066p/p/
shot(0.12MeV)shot(0.12MeV) 70% 70% (20%) (20%) Isolation foilIsolation foil 6x106x1066p/shot(10keV)p/shot(10keV)25% (5%)25% (5%)MRT MRT
capturedcaptured1.5x101.5x1066p/shotp/shot
80% (4%)80% (4%)
MRT cooledMRT cooled 1.2x101.2x1066p/shotp/shot 50% 50% (50%)(50%)ExtractedExtracted 0.5x100.5x1066p/shotp/shot
Ultra-slow Ultra-slow p beam in 2004p beam in 2004
Stable trapping: More than 1 Million ps per AD shot
Extraction #: ~0.5 Million ps per AD shot
Extraction energy: 10-500eV
Extraction duration: ~10sec
Differential pumping of 6 orders of magnitude
Ultra-Slow Ultra-Slow p Beam from p Beam from 20062006
DC & Pulsed Ultra Slow p Beam
Time sharing dc/pulsed p beam distributor
SummarySummary
1. Intense ultra slow 1. Intense ultra slow p beam is ready from 2006p beam is ready from 2006
2. New cross-disciplinary field will start2. New cross-disciplinary field will start
3. The cusp trap could be a potential candidate 3. The cusp trap could be a potential candidate for the future for the future H study H study
H fraction to be trappedH fraction to be trappedAssumption : Assumption : Hs in 1S state, MB-distributionHs in 1S state, MB-distribution
Vacuum Isolation + 2D Vacuum Isolation + 2D PSDPSD
RFQD
LEBT+ Multi-Ring LEBT+ Multi-Ring TrapTrap
Multi-wire 2D PSD
Cooling Feature vs Electron Plasma Cooling Feature vs Electron Plasma RadiusRadius
Cooledps locate only where cooling electron plasma exist
(mm-ma)/m (qm+qa)/q (gm-ga)/g
e- vs e+ <8x10-9 <4x10-8 (-0.5±2.1)x10-12
p vs p (-2.5±2.3)x10-8 (-2.5±2.3)x10-8 (-2.6±2.9)x10-3
n vs n (9±5)x10-5 ---- ----
(e- vs e+) :cyclotron motion + Ps 13S1-23S1cyclotron motion
(p vsp) :cyclotron motion +pHe+(nl,n’l’) pA x-ray
n vsn :p+pn+n
Particles vs AntiparticlesParticles vs Antiparticles
Octupole trap +Octupole trap + p p plugplug
Secondary Electron Emission Secondary Electron Emission with Ultra Slow with Ultra Slow p Beamp Beam
Plugging of Plugging of (anti)proton(anti)proton
Sympathetically cooled with e+
H loss mechanismH loss mechanism
e.g., ~10mK Na trapping ~1sec @ 10-8 Torr & 0.025T
)(1031/ 4/13 cmTxB
rB
B
v
Majorana spin-flip
Spin-flip induced by e++H collisions
e+:108/cm3
Octupole trap +Octupole trap + p p plugplug
Multi-Ring Multi-Ring TrapTrap
Non-neutral plasmaNon-neutral plasma
Rigid RotationRigid Rotation
CompressionCompression
T-dependent plasma modeT-dependent plasma mode
Hydrogen & Hydrogen & AntihydrogenAntihydrogen
f1S-2S (H) = 2 466 061 413 187.2937 kHz
(Phys.Rev.Lett.84(2000)3232)
Proton charge radius : 0.862(12)fm vs 0.877(24)fm
HF(H)= 1 420 405 751,766 7 ± 0,000 9 Hz
( H) = (2,792 847 337 ± 0,000 000 029) N
(H) = (-2,800 ± 0,008) N
RycM
m
mM
M
N
p
p
e
ep
pHF
23)(3
16
Production SchemeProduction Scheme
Trapping/Cooling of AntiprotonsTrapping/Cooling of Antiprotons
AD AD degrader foil degrader foil Penning Trap : ~0.1% Penning Trap : ~0.1%
AD AD RFQD RFQD Multi-ring Trap: 4% Multi-ring Trap: 4%