Product Showcasing

7/30/2019 Product Showcasing

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Product Showcasing cumTraining on AIMIL GeoStar and

AIMIL StarDAQ Products

By KKV Yasas & Jancy Mathew


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Our agenda

1) The GeoStar / StarDAQ program overview2) What is new in GeoStar / StarDAQ as compared to GAS/DAS3) The Hardware Architecture4) Software Archtecture

5) Preparing your hardware to Install the software6) Connecting the equipment to the data acquisition system7) How do we calibrate the sensors8) How we acquire a data from the equipment

( eg. Triaxial, or direct shear or consolidation equipments)9) Saving the data for analysis10) Compatibility Issues between oldGAS/DAS and GeoStar11) Practical Analysis of the Data and generating the reports etc12) Review and Open discussions and clarifications of doubts if any

13) Wrap up.


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GeoStar & StarDAQ overview

GeoStar is the latest state of the art software from AIMIL for the Testing, Analysis and Reporting

of Geotechnical Experiments

While StarDAQ is the hardware / software combination for acquiring the data from the transducers

attached to Geotechnical Experiments setup. The data acquired by StarDAQ is stored onto your

computer hard disc and GeoStar analyses these data and provide a easy and usable reports,

conforming to Indian or British Standards

AIMIL GeoStar & StarDAQ programs are written in Microsoft .net platforms, running underMicrosoft Windows.

The programs have been tested to run under MS-Windows 9X, Me, XP

The programs have connectivity with SQL and/or MS-Access data base .

Any software, not owned by AIMIL; but require the use as part of the GeoStar/StarDAQ

Installation is called the Third Party Software and are governed by the licensing terms and

conditions of the company who owns that part of the software. For eg. Microsoft Windows, is

required as an operating system and not owned by AIMIL is a third party software and hence isrequired to be provided by customer / user. Similarly Microsoft .net framework 1.0 is required to

be loaded in order to run GeoStar. Similarly, MS-Access, SQL or any other third party software

that are required for the working of the GeoStar is required to be provided by the user under the

original licensing agreement set by the original software vendor.


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Overview contd

GeoStar and StarDAQ are multi-user / multi-tasking capable; but depends on the

license purchased.

They are modular and hence, both Acquisition and Analysis programs are scalable.

Which means, the GeoStar software Modules for each of the tests are accessed by

an activation code, supplied by AIMIL, Allowing customers to build up a suite of

software, on as required basis.

The engineer has total control over those areas of analysis, where an engineering

judgement Is required. The test techniques and methods follow generally accepted

geotechnical engineering principles.

All test data and reports are automatically filed in a database and reports can be

generated based on Test ID, Sample ID, Customer Name or Tests done during a

time period. Extensive search functions adds to the user comfort. The reports are

exportable to MS-Word, MS-Excel or pdf formats.

Another unique feature is the USB data Acquisition. Currently the standard system is

offered with 16 single ended / 8 differential channels.


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What is GeoStar

GeoStar stands for Geotechnical Software suite fortesting, analysis and reporting.

This supercedes AIMIL GAS/DAS product earlier.

From now onwards, we will be shipping, supportingGeoStar for GAS and StarDAQ for DAS againstcustomer orders.

The catalog nos. of the old product has been retainedexactly the same, but added a (-1) i.e., a hipen and oneto the old nos.


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What are the tests that are possible

with GeoStar or StarDAQ

Currently, the following six tests are possible. They are,

1) Unconsolidated Undrained Triaxial Test,

2) Consolidated Undrained Triaxial Test

3) Consolidated Drained Triaxial Test

4) Direct Shear Test

5) California Bearing Ratio Test6) One Dimensional Consolidation Test


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Conformance to Standards

Presently, the GeoStar has been made

conforming to IS and BS Standards.

The IS / BS code relevant for each test is

also given separately, for convenience.


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What are the Standards these tests conform to?*( Standards marked in RED are not in conformance at present)

Sl.No Catalogue No. ConformingStandards

Name of Test Analysis

1 AIM-10116-1 BS 1377 Part 4IS 2720 Part 16ASTM D 1883-05 and

D4429AASHTO T-193

GeoStar Analysis software Moduloe for CaliforniaBearing Ratio Test

2 AIM-10121-1 BS 1377 Part 8IS 2720 Part 12(ASTM D4767)

GeoStar Analysis software Moduloe forConsolidated Undrained Triaxial Test

3 AIM-10122-1 BS 1377 Part 7IS 2720 Part 11(ASTM D2850)

GeoStar Analysis software Moduloe forUnconsolidated Undrained Triaxial Test

4 AIM-10123-1 BS 1377 Part 8No IS code Available

GeoStar Analysis software Moduloe forConsolidated Drained Triaxial Test

5 AIM-10124-1 BS 1377 Part 7IS 2720 Part 13ASTM D 3080.

GeoStar Analysis software Moduloe forDirect Shear Test

6 AIM-10125-1 BS 1377 Part 5

IS 2720 Part 15

GeoStar Analysis software Moduloe for

One Dimensional Consolidation Test
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ASTM_Internationalhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ASTMhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ASTMhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ASTM_International


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California Bearing Ratio Test

The California bearing ratio (CBR) is a penetration test for evaluation of the mechanical strength ofroadsubgrades. It was developed by the California Department of Transportation. The test is performed by

measuring the pressure required to penetrate a soil sample with a plunger of standard area. The measured

pressure is then divided by the pressure required to achieve an equal penetration on a standard crushed

rock material. The test can be performed on laboratory-prepared samples or in the field. The CBR test is

described inASTM Standards D1883-05 and D4429, andAASHTO T193.

The CBR rating was developed for measuring the load-bearing capacity of soils used for building roads.The CBR can also be used for measuring the load-bearing capacity of unimproved airstrips or for soils

under paved airstrips. The harder the surface, the higher the CBR rating. A CBR of 3 equates to tilled

farmland, a CBR of 4.75 equates to turf or moist clay, while moist sand may have a CBR of 10. High quality

crushed rock has a CBR of 100. The Current Scope of Analysis of CBR Test in AIMIL GeoStar covers

British Standard BS 1377 Part 4 and Indian Standards IS-2720 Part 16 only.

The AIMIL GeoStar software a multi user, multitasking network capable and is architectured aroundMicrosoft .net platform to work seamlessly with AIMIL StarDAQ, data acquisition system, specially

designed for acquiring data from CBR apparatus. There is a facility to manually input data and save the

same in a file format compatible with GeoStar Analysis system.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mechanical_strengthhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roadhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Subgradehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/California_Department_of_Transportationhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Soilhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ASTMhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/AASHTOhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/AASHTOhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ASTMhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Soilhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/California_Department_of_Transportationhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Subgradehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roadhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mechanical_strength


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CALIFORNIA BEARING RATIO

I.S. CODES

IS: 2720 (PART 16)1987 METHODS OF TEST FOR SOILS, PART 16 LABORATORY DETERMINATION OFCBR (SECOND REVISION)CBR: RATIO OF THE FORCE PER UNIT AREA REQUIRED TO PENETRATE A SOIL MASS WITH A STANDARDCIRCULAR PISTON AT THE RATE OF 1.25 MM/MIN. TO THAT REQUIRED FOR CORRESPONDING PENETRATIONOF A STANDARD MATERIAL.

BEARING RATIO = Pt x 100%, wherePs

Pt = CORRECTED UNIT (OR TOTAL) TEST LOAD CORRESPONDING TO THE CHOSEN PENETRATION VALUEREAD FROM THE LOAD PENETRATION CURVE, IN MPA (OR N); & Ps = UNIT (OR TOTAL) STANDARD LOADFOR THE SAME DEPTH OF PENETRATION AS FOR Pt, TAKEN FROM TABLE IN MPA (OR N). STANDARD LOAD:LOAD OBTAINED FROM TEST ON CRUSHED STONE, WHICH IS DEFINED AS HAVING A BEARING RATIO OF100 PERCENT (III) BEARING RATIOS USUALLY CALCULATED FOR PENETRATION OF 2.5 MM & 5 MM.GENERALLY,

THE BEARING RATIO AT 2.5 MM PENETRATION GREATER THAN AT 5 MM PENETRATION.

SO, BEARING RATIO AT 2.5 MM PENETRATION ADOPTED FOR DESIGN PURPOSE. IF THE BEARING RATIOFOR 5 MM PENETRATION EXCEEDS THAT FOR 2.5 MM PENETRATION, TEST TO BE REPEATED. IF IDENTICALRESULTS FOLLOW, THE BEARING RATIO CORRESPONDING TO 5 MM PENETRATION SHALL BE TAKENFOR DESIGN.


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Direct Shear TestA direct shear test is a laboratory test used by geotechnical engineers to find the shear strength

parameters of soil. The Direct Shear Test has been adapted by most of the StandardsInternationally.The current scope of Analysis of Direct Shear Test using AIMIL GeoStar covers British StandardBS 1377 Part 7 and Indian Standard, IS 2720 Part 13. The Test is also described in AmericanStandard ASTM D 3080.

The test is performed on three or four specimens from a relatively undisturbed soil sample. A

specimen is placed in a shear boxwhich has two stacked rings to hold the sample; the contactbetween the two rings is at approximately the mid-height of the sample. A confining stressis appliedvertically to the specimen, and the upper ring is pulled laterally until the sample fails, or through aspecified strain. The load applied and the strain induced is recorded at frequent intervals todetermine a stress-strain curve for the confining stress. Direct Shear tests can be performed underseveral conditions. The sample is normally saturated before the test is run, but can be run at the in-situ moisture content. The rate of strain can be varied to create a test of undrainedor drainedconditions, depending whether the strain is applied slowly enough for water in the sample to prevent

pore-water pressure buildup.

Several specimens are tested at varying confining stresses to determine the shear strengthparameters, the soil cohesion (c) and the angle of internal friction (commonly friction angle) (). Theresults of the tests on each specimen are plotted on a graph with the peak (or residual) stress on thex-axis and the confining stress on the y-axis. The y-intercept of the curve which fits the test resultsis the cohesion, and the slope of the line or curve is the friction angle.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geotechnical_engineeringhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Soilhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ASTMhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Strain_%28materials_science%29http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stress-strain_curvehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shear_strength_%28soil%29http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shear_strength_%28soil%29http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stress-strain_curvehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stress-strain_curvehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stress-strain_curvehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Strain_%28materials_science%29http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ASTMhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Soilhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geotechnical_engineering


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Triaxial Tests

Triaxial shear test

A triaxial shear test is a common method to measure the mechanical properties of many deformablesolids, especially soil, sand, clay, and other granular materials or powders. There are several variationson the test, discussed below.

Contents

1 Basic Concept

2 Types of Triaxial Tests3 References

Basic Concept

For loose granular materials like sand or soil, the material is contained in a cylindrical latexsleeve with a flat, circular metal plate or platen closing off the top and bottom ends. Thiscylinder is placed into a bath of water to provide pressure along the sides of the cylinder.The top platen can then be mechanically driven up or down along the axis of the cylinder

to squeeze the material. The distance that the upper platen travels is measured as a functionof the force required to move it, as the pressure of the surrounding water is carefully controlled.The net change in volume of the material is also measured by how much water moves in or outof the surrounding bath.

The principle behind a triaxial shear test is that the stress applied in the vertical direction(along the axis of the cylinder) can be different than the stress applied in the horizontal directions(along the sides of the cylinder). This produces a non-hydrostatic stress state, which containsshear stress.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Soilhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sandhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clayhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Granular_materialhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Powder_%28substance%29http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Triaxial_shear_testhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Triaxial_shear_testhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Triaxial_shear_testhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pressurehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stress_%28physics%29http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hydrostatichttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shear_stresshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shear_stresshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hydrostatichttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stress_%28physics%29http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pressurehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Triaxial_shear_testhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Triaxial_shear_testhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Triaxial_shear_testhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Powder_%28substance%29http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Granular_materialhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clayhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sandhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Soil


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Triaxial tests . contd

A solid is defined as a material that can support shear stress without moving. However, every solid hasan upper limit to how much shear stress it can support. The triaxial tester is designed to measure that limit.

The stress on the platens is increased until the material in the cylinder fails and forms sliding regions within

itself, known as shear bands. A motion where a material is deformed under shear stress is known as shearing.

The geometry of the shearing in a triaxial tester typically causes the sample to become shorter while bulging out along

the sides. The stress on the platen is then reduced and the water pressure pushes the sides back in, causing the

sample to grow taller again. This cycle is usually repeated several times while collecting stress and strain data about

the sample.

During the shearing, a granular material will typically have a net gain or loss of volume. If it had originally been in a

dense state, then it typically gains volume, a characteristic known as Reynolds' dilatancy. If it had originally been in a

very loose state, then compaction may occur before the shearing begins or in conjunction with the shearing.

From the triaxial test data, it is possible to extract fundamental material parameters about the sample, including its

angle of internal friction, apparent cohesion, and dilatancy angle. These parameters are then used in computer models

to predict how the material will behave in a larger-scale engineering application. An example would be to predict the

stability of the soil on a slope, whether the slope will collapse or whether the soil will support the shear stresses of theslope and remain in place. Triaxial tests are used along with other tests to make such engineering predictions.

Types of Triaxial TestsThere are several variations on the basic concept of triaxial testing. These are given the following labels (corresponding

test standard in parentheses):

UU - Unconsolidated undrained

CU - Consolidated undrained

CD - Consolidated drained
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solidhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reynolds%27_dilatancyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Soil_compactionhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Soil_compactionhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reynolds%27_dilatancyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solid


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TRIAXIAL SHEAR TEST ON SOILS

OBJECTIVE

DETERMINATION OF SHEAR STRENGTH OF SOIL WITH A MAXIMUM PARTICLE SIZE OF 4.75 MM

IN UNDRAINED, CONSOLIDATED UNDRAINED & CONSOLIDATED DRAINED CONDITIONS.

TYPES OF TEST.

(A) UNCONSOLIDATED UNDRAINED TRIAXIAL SHEAR TEST (UUT)

THIS METHOD DETERMINES THE UNDRAINED STRENGTH OF A SOIL SPECIMEN WHEN IT ISSUBJECTED TO A CONSTANT CONFINING PRESSURE AND TO STRAIN CONTROLLED AXIALLOADING, WHEN NO CHANGE IN TOTAL MOISTURE CONTENT IS ALLOWED.

(B) CONSOLIDATED UNDRAINED TRIAXIAL SHEAR TEST (CUT)

IN THIS METHOD DURING COMPRESSION STAGE, THE CELL PRESSURE IS MAINTAINEDCONSTANT AND THE SPECIMEN IS SHEARED AT A CONSTANT RATE OF AXIAL DEFORMATIONUNTIL FAILURE OCCURS.NO DRAINAGE IS PERMITTED AND THE RESULTING CHANGE IN POREPRESSURE MEASURED.

(C) CONSOLIDATED DRAINED TRIAXIAL SHEAR TEST (CDT)

IN THIS METHOD DURING COMPRESSION STAGE, THE CELL PRESSURE IS MAINTAINEDCONSTANT AND THE SPECIMEN IS SHEARED AT A CONSTANT RATE OF AXIAL DEFORMATIONUNTIL FAILURE OCCURS.FREE DRAINAGE OF PORE WATER FROM THE SPECIMEN IS ALLOWED.THE VOLUME OF PORE FLUID DRAINING OUT OF SPECIMEN IS MEASURED WHILE COMPRESSION.

PURPOSETHE MAIN PURPOSE OF THIS TEST IS TO OBTAIN THE SHEAR STRENGTH PARAMETERSCOHESION C AND ANGLE OF SHEAR RESISTANCE F


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One Dimensional Consolidation Test

PURPOSE

THE MAIN PURPOSE OF THE CONSOLIDATION TEST IS TO OBTAIN

SOIL DATA WHICH IS USED IN PREDICTING THE RATE & THE

AMOUNT OF SETTLEMENT OF STRUCTURES. THE TWO MOST

IMPORTANT SOIL PROPERTIES OBTAINED FROM A CONSOLIDATION

TEST ARE:

COEFFICIENT OF COMPRESSIBILITY (mv), FOR DETERMINING THE

MAGNITUDE OF COMPRESSION; &

COEFFICIENT OF CONSOLIDATION (CV), FOR DETERMINATION OF

RATE OF COMPRESSION UNDER A LOAD INCREMENT.


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What is new

In GeoStar?As compared to earlier GAS

GAS /DAS was a single user single task program, where as GeoStar is a Multi-UserMulti tasking program.

GAS/DAS was written to work under MS-Windows using Labview run-time engine.Where as GeoStar has been written using VB .net platform.

GAS/DAS also supported all the tests that are now being supported in GeoStar; butthe support and outputs were limited. GeoStar has facilities for exporting thereports to MS-Word, MS-Excel and pdf formats.

Earlier GAS did not have specified implementation of any Standard, though most

of the Analysis were based on British Standard. Current GeoStar has analysismodules conforming to the requirements of both IS and BS Standards.

Implementation of Mohr Circle Plot for the Triaxial shear tests included.


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What is newin StarDAQ? As compared to earlier DAS

Earlier DAS hardware had a pci connectivity with the PC. Whereas, the new

hardware has usb 2.0 connectivity.

Earlier we used to offer only 16 channels. We can now offer any of the

following four configurations:

i.e., 8 single ended / 4 differential channels Cat. No. AIM-101-1-8

16 single ended / 8 differential channels Cat. No. AIM-101-1-16

32 single ended / 16 differential channels Cat.No. AIM -101-1-32

80 single ended / 40 differential channels Cat.No. AIM-101-1 -80


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Hardware Architecture

USB device for 8 Channel

AIM-101-1-8

See specification sheet separately


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USB device 16 & 32 channels

AIM-101-1-16 16 channels

AIM-101-1-32 32 channels



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80 channel system

AIM101-1-80USB device 80 Channels



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Hardware overview & applications

With recent bandwidth improvements and new innovations, USB has evolvedinto a core bus of choice for measurement and automation applications.

AIMIL presents the NI-M Series devices for USB deliver high-performance data

acquisition in an easy-to-use and portable form factor through USB ports on

laptop computers and other portable computing platforms. NI designed a new

and innovative patent-pending NI signal streaming technology that enables

sustained bidirectional high-speed data streams on USB.

The new technology, combined with advanced external synchronization and

isolation, helps engineers and scientists achieve high-performance applications

on USB.

NI M Series high-performance multifunction data acquisition (DAQ) modules for

USB are optimized for superior accuracy at fast sampling rates. They provide an

onboard NI-PGIA 2 amplifier designed for fast settling times at high scanning

rates, ensuring 16-bit accuracy even when measuring all available channels at

maximum speed.


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All high-performance devices have a minimum of 16 analog inputs, 24 digital

I/O lines, seven programmable input ranges, analog and digital triggering, and

two counter/timers. High-speed NI USB-625x and NI USB-622x M Series

devices have two-year and one-year calibration intervals, respectively. USB M

Series devices are ideal for test, control, and design applications including:

Portable data logging log environmental or voltage data quickly and easily

Field-monitoring applications

Embedded OEM applications

In-vehicle data acquisition

Academic lab use academic discounts available

Signal Streaming

To optimize the use of the Universal Serial Bus (USB) and deliver high-

performance data acquisition, AIMIL has employed several key technologies topush the limits of USB throughput and latency created by National

Instruments .

NI signal streaming combines three innovative hardware- and software level

design elements to enable sustained high-speed and bidirectional

data streams over USB.


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Software overview

StarDAQ program works in tandem with NI-DAQmx program. Tasks ( in ourcontext, the experiments like CUT, UUT, CDT, ODC, CBR etc) created withinNI-DAQmx are recognised by the StarDAQ program. And displayed in theStarDAQ panel.

Make necessary settings or configure the experiments as required and execute thetask. The experiments is started and the data acquisition is shown in the data

window, followed by the dynamic graphical window too.

Minimize this task and you are ready to execute another task / experiment whilethe earlier task is running. Thus, you can do many tests simultaneously as longas you have free channels to configure for a new test .

As stated in the hardware overview, AIMIL can offer 8 / 16 / 32 or 80 channels insingle ended mode and 4 / 8 / 16 / 40 differential channels

Whenever a currently running task/experiment is complete, a pop up message willappear to announce that the task/experiment is over.


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Preparing your PC hardware forinstalling the software

Prior to Installing GeoStar onto your PC (target PC) you need to installMicrosoft .net frame work 1.0 . This is freely available at Microsoftwebsite, in downloads section. For convenience, this is included in

the GeoStar CD.

After the installation of the .net framework, install the GeoStar and/orStarDAQ

Programs. An interactive screen will take you thorugh installation andonce the software is installed, you will get a message installationsuccessful.

Always remember to re-boot the system before you start operating theapplication.


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Connecting your equipment to the Data Acquisition System

Signal Conditioners

High Speed

USB 2.0 connectivity

National

Instruments

USB Device

Transducers for

Displacement,

Load and Pressure


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How do we calibrate the sensors

Normally, the sensor output may or may not be linear in its full range.

For example, if you need to calibrate a LVDT, all you need to do is to

measure the output voltage of your signal conditioner (in voltage) with

different slip gauges, keeping the zero reference around the mid travel of

the lvdt. Tabulate the distance Vs voltage and incorporate this table as the

scaling in MAX DAQmx program After the scaling, the values are linearised and are ready for further

operation.


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Practical Session

8) How we acquire a data from the equipment ( eg. Triaxial, or directshear or consolidation equipments)

9) Saving the data for analysis10) Compatibility Issues between oldGAS/DAS and GeoStar11) Practical Analysis of the Data and generating the reports etc


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Open Questions


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Product Showcasing

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