Product Design ConceptProduct Design Concept

By Nirjhar ChakravortiBy Nirjhar Chakravorti

A brief about Nirjhar A brief about Nirjhar ChakravortiChakravorti

Nirjhar Chakravorti has completed Mechanical Nirjhar Chakravorti has completed Mechanical Engineering in 2000 from Jalpaiguri Engineering in 2000 from Jalpaiguri Government Engineering College, India. Government Engineering College, India. Nirjhar has experience in design, development Nirjhar has experience in design, development and project engineering.and project engineering.During professional life, Nirjhar has worked on During professional life, Nirjhar has worked on different engineering activities, like equipment different engineering activities, like equipment design, development and project management, design, development and project management, feasibility study, life cycle costing, etc.feasibility study, life cycle costing, etc.

About this presentationAbout this presentation

This presentation contains:This presentation contains: What is product design?What is product design? Objectives of product designObjectives of product design Features of a good product designFeatures of a good product design Concepts of product designConcepts of product design Steps of product designSteps of product design

What is product design?What is product design?

Product design is conceptualization of an idea about a Product design is conceptualization of an idea about a product and transformation of the idea into a reality. product and transformation of the idea into a reality. To transform the idea into reality a specification about To transform the idea into reality a specification about the product is prepared. This specification is prepared the product is prepared. This specification is prepared by considering different constraints such as production by considering different constraints such as production process, customer expectation, etc. In product design process, customer expectation, etc. In product design stage every aspects of the product are analyzed. Also stage every aspects of the product are analyzed. Also final decision regarding the product is taken on the final decision regarding the product is taken on the basis of the analysis. This decision can be any aspect basis of the analysis. This decision can be any aspect related to the product, e.g. dimension and tolerances, related to the product, e.g. dimension and tolerances, type of material for every components, etc. type of material for every components, etc.

What is product design?What is product design?

Product design is one of the most Product design is one of the most important and sensitive factor for an important and sensitive factor for an organization. Success or failure of organization. Success or failure of the product decides company’s the product decides company’s business, market share and business, market share and reputation. So during design stage reputation. So during design stage various factors related to the product various factors related to the product needs to be addressed. needs to be addressed.

Objectives of product designObjectives of product design

To ensure growth of the organization To ensure growth of the organization To utilize the surplus capacity of the organization, To utilize the surplus capacity of the organization,

such as physical facility, man power, etc. such as physical facility, man power, etc. To utilize the surplus fund of the organization To utilize the surplus fund of the organization To meet new requirement of the customers To meet new requirement of the customers To increase company’s market share and to To increase company’s market share and to

target new market segment target new market segment To ensure complete product range in company’s To ensure complete product range in company’s

portfolio portfolio

Features of a good product Features of a good product designdesign

Functionality:Functionality: The product must function The product must function properly for intended purpose. properly for intended purpose. Reliability:Reliability: The product must perform The product must perform properly for the designated period of time.properly for the designated period of time.

Productivity:Productivity: The product must be The product must be produced with a required quantity and produced with a required quantity and quality at a defined and feasible cost. quality at a defined and feasible cost.

Features of a good product Features of a good product designdesign

Quality:Quality: The product must satisfy The product must satisfy customer’s stated and unstated needs.customer’s stated and unstated needs.

Standardization:Standardization: The product should be The product should be designed in such a fashion so that most of designed in such a fashion so that most of the components are standardized and the components are standardized and easily available in the market.easily available in the market.

Features of a good product Features of a good product designdesign

Maintainability:Maintainability: The product must The product must perform for a designated period with a perform for a designated period with a minimum and defined maintenance. minimum and defined maintenance. Adequate provision for maintenance Adequate provision for maintenance should be kept in the product.should be kept in the product.

Cost effectiveness:Cost effectiveness: The product must be The product must be cost effective. The must be manufactured cost effective. The must be manufactured in the most cost effective environment.in the most cost effective environment.

Concepts of product designConcepts of product design

Research & development:Research & development: Basic research is a search for new Basic research is a search for new knowledge. It does not have any knowledge. It does not have any immediate application, but based on the immediate application, but based on the basic research new product can be basic research new product can be developed in future. developed in future. Applied research has objective of Applied research has objective of developing commercial products. developing commercial products.

Concepts of product designConcepts of product design

Reverse engineering:Reverse engineering: Reverse engineering is the process of Reverse engineering is the process of carefully dismantling a product, carefully dismantling a product, understanding its design and developing a understanding its design and developing a product which is better than the existing product which is better than the existing one. one.

Concepts of product designConcepts of product design

CAD-CAM:CAD-CAM: By using 3D modeling software system, By using 3D modeling software system, designers develop a computerized model designers develop a computerized model of a new product and analyze its design of a new product and analyze its design parameters. After computer aided design parameters. After computer aided design (CAD), computer aided manufacturing (CAD), computer aided manufacturing (CAM) system produce the product by (CAM) system produce the product by using CNC facility.using CNC facility.

Concepts of product designConcepts of product design Concurrent engineering (CE):Concurrent engineering (CE):

CE is different than conventional approach of CE is different than conventional approach of design. In CE, different co-related teams are design. In CE, different co-related teams are formed, which perform different activities for formed, which perform different activities for developing a product. For example, developing a product. For example, development of market concept, design of development of market concept, design of product, development of manufacturing product, development of manufacturing process, selection and arrangement of process, selection and arrangement of material for new design is performed by material for new design is performed by different teams at the same time. It reduces different teams at the same time. It reduces considerable amount of time to develop a new considerable amount of time to develop a new product.product.

In practice different concepts are combined In practice different concepts are combined and applied together to design a new product.and applied together to design a new product.

Steps of product designSteps of product design Synthesis: Try to develop different alternativesSynthesis: Try to develop different alternatives Sketching: Draw sketches in exact scale for different Sketching: Draw sketches in exact scale for different

alternativesalternatives Analysis: Analysis different alternatives with respect to Analysis: Analysis different alternatives with respect to

operability, maintainability, inspection, assembling and operability, maintainability, inspection, assembling and dismantling issues, cost parameters, production methos, etc.dismantling issues, cost parameters, production methos, etc.

Selection: Select the best alternativeSelection: Select the best alternative Basic engineering: Prepare layout in exact scale, calculate Basic engineering: Prepare layout in exact scale, calculate

strength of components, select proper cost effective materail.strength of components, select proper cost effective materail. Detail design: Prepare detail engineering drawing for each Detail design: Prepare detail engineering drawing for each

componentcomponent Prototype: If option is there, then prepare prototype and test itPrototype: If option is there, then prepare prototype and test it Manufacturing: If prototype is not made, then follow Manufacturing: If prototype is not made, then follow

manufacturing steps and solve manufacturing problems and manufacturing steps and solve manufacturing problems and assembly problems, if any.assembly problems, if any.

Operation: collect feedback during actual operation of the new Operation: collect feedback during actual operation of the new product. If any problem exists, try to provide design based product. If any problem exists, try to provide design based solution. Also, implement lessons in the future design.solution. Also, implement lessons in the future design.

Product development: If any modification can be done, Product development: If any modification can be done, implement the same in the next generation product.implement the same in the next generation product.