Processing of liquid foods using UV Taylor-Couette flow reactor

Performance characterization of Taylor-Couette Flow UV Reactor

(TCFR) for liquid foods

VISHWESH KELKAR

TATIANA KOUTCHMA

BRIAN PARISINATIONAL CENTER FOR FOOD SAFETY amp TECHNOLOGY

ILLINOIS INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGYCHICAGO

Performance characterization of Taylor-Couette Flow UV Reactor (TCFR) for liquid

foods

bull What is a Liquid Food

a Definition b Types of liquid foods 1 Newtonian fluids

2 Non-Newtonian fluids

bull Food Safety a Center for Disease Control (CDC)

b US Food and Drug Administration 21 CFR 120

Performance characterization of Taylor-Couette Flow UV Reactor (TCFR) for liquid foods

Ultraviolet Irradiation

a Definition ndash Waves which range between wavelengths of 200 to 400nm and can be further divided into UVA (320-400 nm) UVB (280-320 nm) and UVC (200-280 nm) are called Ultraviolet (UV) radiation

b Working Mechanism ndash - DNA of cell of a sequence of four constituent bases known as purines and

pyrimidines linked together in a double- stranded helix - When UVC radiation is absorbed by the pyrimidine bases it permits a unique

photochemical reaction which leads to dimerization of adjacent pyrimidines - Disruption in the structure of the DNA makes it unable to replicate and hence results in inactivation of microbial cell Eλ radiant energy at a given wavelength λw kJEinstein C speed of light 3times108 ms h Plancks constant 6626times10-34 Js Av Avogadros number 6023times1023 photonsEinstein


Taylor Couette Flow

Flow of fluid in the gap between two infinitely long concentric cylinders on or both of which are rotating along their common axis is called as Taylor-Couette flow

GITaylor found that a parameter known as Taylor number rises above a threshold value of 1708 and the gap between the cylinders is much smaller than radii the flow is unstable

The streamlines of low Taylor number Taylor-Couette flow are circular Following figure is a flow from a radial viewpoint

Once the flow becomes unstable it is dominated by large toroidal vortices stacked one on top of the other called Taylor vortices

Taylor Number is given by


bull Taylor-Couette Flow Reactor (TCFR) -- Arrangement consists of two concentric cylinders with inner rotating called

rotor and outer stationary as stator

-- Liquid flows through the annulus of rotor and stator with UV lamps arranged around the stator

-- Flow in the Taylor Couette flow


bull Experimental Set-up


bull Experimentation

Following goals were defined for carrying ut performance characterization of the reactor

1 Goal 1 Comparison of momentum transfer achieved using smooth surface rotor as against wavy surface rotor in Taylor-Couette laminar flow for test fluids

a) Tap water b) Food grade viscous liquid

2 Goal 2 Experimentation on processing of non-Newtonian and Newtonian liquid with the variations in the rotor type arrangement in the TCFR


Goal 1 Comparison of momentum transfer achieved using smooth surface rotor as

against wavy surface rotor in Taylor-Couette laminar flow for water as a test

liquid

Part [A]

To compare residence time and residence time distribution between smooth surface and wavy surface rotors

Constant parameter Liquid to be treated ndash Tap waterVariable parameters following changing one at a time ndash (i) Shape of rotor ie smooth rotor and wavy surface rotor(ii) Rpm angular frequency of rotor(iii)Flow rate though annulus between rotor and stator

Injection dye used Food grade caramel liquid

Standard Curve for calculation of caramel

Dye concentration

Std Dye Sample -

Abs A Conc Sample

1375 1695 1

032 04255 2

0078 01064 3

0019 00266 4

Std Curve y = 12251x + 00145

R2 = 09997

0

02

04

06

08

1

12

14

16

18

0 05 1 15

Absorbance A

D

ye C

onc

Series1

Linear (Series1)


Part [A]

Results - Smooth Surface Rotor

RPMRPM

Flow rateFlow rate100100 150150 200200

004 lpm004 lpm70057005plusmnplusmn

010160586058plusmn0plusmn0

1157975797plusmnplusmn

0101




0505

008 lpm008 lpm5088+5088+



0101

RPMRPM 100100 150150 200200

Taylor Taylor nono

2654726547 3982039820 5309353093

Gap Gap width d width d metermeter

00025 00025 0002500025 0002500025

Angular Angular FrequencFrequenc

y Ωy Ω

RpsRps

1046710467 157157 2093420934


Part [A]Results - Smooth Surface Rotor


RTD 004 lpm - Smooth Rotor

0000

0500

1000

1500

2000

00 500 1000 1500 2000 2500 3000

Time Sec

D

ye C

on

c

100 RPM

150 RPM

200 RPM


0000

0500

1000

1500

2000

2500

3000

00 1000 2000 3000Time Sec

D

ye

Co

nc

100 RPM

150 RPM

200 RPM


0000

0500

1000

1500

2000

2500

00 1000 2000 3000

Time Sec

D

ye

Co

nc

100 RPM

150 RPM

200 RPM

Part [A]

Results - Wavy Surface Rotor

RPMRPM



0101


016016

69726972plusmnplusmn0101




0101




0202

RPMRPM 100100 150150 200200

Taylor noTaylor no 2654726547 3982039820 5309353093


00025 00025 0002500025 0002500025

Angular Angular Frequency Frequency

ΩΩ

RpsRps

1046710467 157157 2093420934


Part [A] Results - Wavy Surface Rotor


RTD 004 lpm - Wavy Rotor

0000

0500

1000

1500

2000

2500

00 1000 2000 3000Time Sec

D

ye C

on

c

100 Rpm

150 Rpm

200 Rpm


0000

0500

1000

1500

2000

2500

00 1000 2000 3000

Time Sec

D

ye C

on

c

100 Rpm

150 Rpm

200 Rpm

RTD for 008 lpm - Wavy Rotor

-0200

0300

0800

1300

1800

2300

2800

00 500 1000 1500 2000 2500 3000Time sec

D

ye C

on

c

100 Rpm

150 Rpm

200 Rpm

Part [A] ndash Smooth Rotor


Angular Frequency

Rpm

Time SecFlow rate Flow rate Flow rate

004 lpm 006 lpm 008 lpm

100 7005 5449 5088150 6058 5131 5010200 5797 5107 4990

Ang frequency vs Residence time - Smooth Rotor

40

45

50

55

60

65

70

75

80 90 100 110 120 130 140 150 160 170 180 190 200 210

Angular frequency Rpm

Tim

e s

ec

004litmin

006litmin

008litmin

Flow rate vs Residence Time - Smooth Rotor

40

45

50

55

60

65

70

75

0035 0045 0055 0065 0075 0085

Flow rate Lpm

Tim

e S

ec

100RPM

150RPM

200RPM

Part [A] ndash Wavy Rotor


Ang Frequency vs Residence Time - Wavy Rotor

4300

4800

5300

5800

6300

6800

7300

90 100

110

120

130

140

150

160

170

180

190

200

210

Angular Frequency Rpm

Re

sid

en

ce

Tim

e S

ec

004lpm

006lpm

008lpm

Flow rate Vs Residence Time - Wavy Rotor

4300

4800

5300

5800

6300

6800

7300

003 004 005 006 007 008 009

Flow rate lpm

Re

sid

en

ce

Tim

e

Se

c

100Rpm

150Rpm

200Rpm

Angular Frequency

Rpm

Time Sec

Flow rate Flow rate Flow rate

004 lpm 006 lpm 008 lpm

100 6143 5502 5502

150 6355 5521 4767

200 6973 5590 4891



against wavy surface rotor in Taylor-Couette laminar flow for food grade

liquid as a test liquid

Part [B]


Constant parameters Liquid to be treated ndash Food grade viscous liquid Flow rate of 025 liter per min Angular frequency of 200 rpmVariable parameters following changing one at a time ndash (i) Shape of rotor ie smooth rotor and wavy surface rotor(ii) Viscosity of the liquid



bull Part [B] ndash Smooth Rotor


bull Part [B] ndash Wavy Rotor


bull Part [B]

ViscositycP

Residence Time Sec

Wavy Smooth

4320 5872 4997

6320 8070 7093

8140 9549 8932

10660 12383 11536


Goal 2 Experimentation on processing of non-Newtonian and Newtonian liquid with the variations in the rotor type arrangement in the TCFR

Part [A]

Non-Newtonian (viscous) semi-transparent liquid model will be inoculated with E coli K 12

Constant parameters Liquid to be tested Food grade viscous liquid

absorbance of the viscous liquid to be treated

angular frequencyVariable parameters Changing one at a time

i Shape of the rotor ie smoothwavy rotorii Flow rate through annulusgap between rotor and statoriii Viscosity



Part [B]


Constant parameters Liquid to be tested Tap water absorbance of the viscous liquid to be

treated angular frequencyVariable parameters Changing one at a time

i Shape of the rotor ie smoothwavy rotorii Flow rate through annulusgap between rotor and stator


Goal 2 Following results were obtained based on the experimentation

Microbial inactivation data using smooth and wavy surface rotors

Test Fluid RotorAngular

Frequency RpmFlow rate litermin

Complete Inactivation

YesNo

Viscous liquid 816 cP

Wavy 100 025 Yes


Wavy 200 025 Yes


Smooth 100 025 Yes


Smooth 200 025 Yes


Wavy 200 025 Yes


Smooth 200 025 Yes

Tap Water Wavy 200 004 Yes

Tap Water Smooth 100 004 Yes



bull Conclusions -- Comparison of momentum transfer achieved using smooth surface

rotor as against wavy surface rotor in Taylor-Couette laminar flow

bull When tap water was used as test fluid for the smooth surface rotor maximum residence time of 7005 sec was achieved at the flow rate of 004 liter per minute and 100 rpm angular frequency of rotor where as when wavy surface rotor was used the maximum residence time of 6973 sec was achieved at the flow rate of 004 liter per minute and 200 rpm angular frequency of the rotor

bull Also when the fluid was passed through the reactor with wavy rotor having no angular frequency the residence time achieved was 120 sec But the reactor did not get washed off completely from the dye

bull Taylor number achieved using Taylor-Couette flow reactor was 18771 which was low than the critical value of 1708 Hence the flow the achieved was laminar Taylor Couette flow

bull When viscous liquid was tested for the residence time of the dye it was found that the residence time increased with increasing syrup viscosities Wavy rotor gave maximum residence time of 12383 sec compared to smooth surface rotor of 11536 second


bull Conclusions -- Experimentation on processing of non-Newtonian liquids with the

variations in the rotor type arrangement

bull Complete inactivation of Ecoli K12 was achieved in viscous liquid of 816 cP and 444 cP viscosities using smooth as well as wavy surface rotor at 025 liter per minute flow rate

bull When tap water was used as a test fluid complete inactivation of Ecoli K12 was achieved using smooth and wavy surface rotors at 004 liter per minute and 008 liter per minute flow rate


Bibliography

lsquoJuice Irradiation with Taylor-Couette FlowUV Inactivation of E colirsquo LJForneya J A Piersonb and Z Yea a-School of Chemical and Bimolecular Engineering Georgia Institute of Technology AtlantaGA 30332 b- Electro-Optics Environment and Materials Laboratory-Food Processing Technology Division Georgia Tech Research Institute Atlanta GA 30332

lsquoBiodosimetry of Escherichia coli Inactivation in Model Juices with regard to dose distribution in Annular UV reactorsrsquo T Koutchma and B Parisi

lsquoUV Disinfection Between Concentric Cylindersrsquo Zhengcai Ye School of Chemical and Bimolecular Engineering Georgia Institute of Technology May 2007

lsquoInactivation efficiency of UV treatment of juicesrsquo T Koutchma1 C Adhikari1 and E G Murakami2 (1) National Center for Food Safety and Technology Illinois Institute of Technology 6502 S Archer Road Moffett Campus Summit-Argo IL 60501 (2) National Center for Food Safety and Technology FDA 6502 S Archer Road Summit-Argo IL 60501

Performance characterization of Taylor-Couette Flow UV Reactor (TCFR) for liquid

foods

bull What is a Liquid Food

a Definition b Types of liquid foods 1 Newtonian fluids

2 Non-Newtonian fluids

bull Food Safety a Center for Disease Control (CDC)

b US Food and Drug Administration 21 CFR 120








Taylor Couette Flow






















liquid

Part [A]





Dye concentration

Std Dye Sample -

Abs A Conc Sample

1375 1695 1

032 04255 2

0078 01064 3

0019 00266 4

Std Curve y = 12251x + 00145

R2 = 09997

0

02

04

06

08

1

12

14

16

18

0 05 1 15

Absorbance A

D

ye C

onc

Series1

Linear (Series1)


Part [A]


RPMRPM





0101




0505

008 lpm008 lpm5088+5088+



0101

RPMRPM 100100 150150 200200

Taylor Taylor nono

2654726547 3982039820 5309353093


00025 00025 0002500025 0002500025


y Ωy Ω

RpsRps

1046710467 157157 2093420934





0000

0500

1000

1500

2000

00 500 1000 1500 2000 2500 3000

Time Sec

D

ye C

on

c

100 RPM

150 RPM

200 RPM


0000

0500

1000

1500

2000

2500

3000

00 1000 2000 3000Time Sec

D

ye

Co

nc

100 RPM

150 RPM

200 RPM


0000

0500

1000

1500

2000

2500

00 1000 2000 3000

Time Sec

D

ye

Co

nc

100 RPM

150 RPM

200 RPM

Part [A]


RPMRPM



0101


016016





0101




0202

RPMRPM 100100 150150 200200



00025 00025 0002500025 0002500025


ΩΩ

RpsRps

1046710467 157157 2093420934





0000

0500

1000

1500

2000

2500

00 1000 2000 3000Time Sec

D

ye C

on

c

100 Rpm

150 Rpm

200 Rpm


0000

0500

1000

1500

2000

2500

00 1000 2000 3000

Time Sec

D

ye C

on

c

100 Rpm

150 Rpm

200 Rpm


-0200

0300

0800

1300

1800

2300

2800

00 500 1000 1500 2000 2500 3000Time sec

D

ye C

on

c

100 Rpm

150 Rpm

200 Rpm



Angular Frequency

Rpm


004 lpm 006 lpm 008 lpm

100 7005 5449 5088150 6058 5131 5010200 5797 5107 4990


40

45

50

55

60

65

70

75

80 90 100 110 120 130 140 150 160 170 180 190 200 210


Tim

e s

ec

004litmin

006litmin

008litmin


40

45

50

55

60

65

70

75

0035 0045 0055 0065 0075 0085

Flow rate Lpm

Tim

e S

ec

100RPM

150RPM

200RPM




4300

4800

5300

5800

6300

6800

7300

90 100

110

120

130

140

150

160

170

180

190

200

210


Re

sid

en

ce

Tim

e S

ec

004lpm

006lpm

008lpm


4300

4800

5300

5800

6300

6800

7300

003 004 005 006 007 008 009

Flow rate lpm

Re

sid

en

ce

Tim

e

Se

c

100Rpm

150Rpm

200Rpm

Angular Frequency

Rpm

Time Sec


004 lpm 006 lpm 008 lpm

100 6143 5502 5502

150 6355 5521 4767

200 6973 5590 4891





Part [B]









bull Part [B]

ViscositycP

Residence Time Sec

Wavy Smooth

4320 5872 4997

6320 8070 7093

8140 9549 8932

10660 12383 11536



Part [A]








Part [B]











YesNo


Wavy 100 025 Yes


Wavy 200 025 Yes


Smooth 100 025 Yes


Smooth 200 025 Yes


Wavy 200 025 Yes


Smooth 200 025 Yes

















Bibliography












Taylor Couette Flow






















liquid

Part [A]





Dye concentration

Std Dye Sample -

Abs A Conc Sample

1375 1695 1

032 04255 2

0078 01064 3

0019 00266 4

Std Curve y = 12251x + 00145

R2 = 09997

0

02

04

06

08

1

12

14

16

18

0 05 1 15

Absorbance A

D

ye C

onc

Series1

Linear (Series1)


Part [A]


RPMRPM





0101




0505

008 lpm008 lpm5088+5088+



0101

RPMRPM 100100 150150 200200

Taylor Taylor nono

2654726547 3982039820 5309353093


00025 00025 0002500025 0002500025


y Ωy Ω

RpsRps

1046710467 157157 2093420934





0000

0500

1000

1500

2000

00 500 1000 1500 2000 2500 3000

Time Sec

D

ye C

on

c

100 RPM

150 RPM

200 RPM


0000

0500

1000

1500

2000

2500

3000

00 1000 2000 3000Time Sec

D

ye

Co

nc

100 RPM

150 RPM

200 RPM


0000

0500

1000

1500

2000

2500

00 1000 2000 3000

Time Sec

D

ye

Co

nc

100 RPM

150 RPM

200 RPM

Part [A]


RPMRPM



0101


016016





0101




0202

RPMRPM 100100 150150 200200



00025 00025 0002500025 0002500025


ΩΩ

RpsRps

1046710467 157157 2093420934





0000

0500

1000

1500

2000

2500

00 1000 2000 3000Time Sec

D

ye C

on

c

100 Rpm

150 Rpm

200 Rpm


0000

0500

1000

1500

2000

2500

00 1000 2000 3000

Time Sec

D

ye C

on

c

100 Rpm

150 Rpm

200 Rpm


-0200

0300

0800

1300

1800

2300

2800

00 500 1000 1500 2000 2500 3000Time sec

D

ye C

on

c

100 Rpm

150 Rpm

200 Rpm



Angular Frequency

Rpm


004 lpm 006 lpm 008 lpm

100 7005 5449 5088150 6058 5131 5010200 5797 5107 4990


40

45

50

55

60

65

70

75

80 90 100 110 120 130 140 150 160 170 180 190 200 210


Tim

e s

ec

004litmin

006litmin

008litmin


40

45

50

55

60

65

70

75

0035 0045 0055 0065 0075 0085

Flow rate Lpm

Tim

e S

ec

100RPM

150RPM

200RPM




4300

4800

5300

5800

6300

6800

7300

90 100

110

120

130

140

150

160

170

180

190

200

210


Re

sid

en

ce

Tim

e S

ec

004lpm

006lpm

008lpm


4300

4800

5300

5800

6300

6800

7300

003 004 005 006 007 008 009

Flow rate lpm

Re

sid

en

ce

Tim

e

Se

c

100Rpm

150Rpm

200Rpm

Angular Frequency

Rpm

Time Sec


004 lpm 006 lpm 008 lpm

100 6143 5502 5502

150 6355 5521 4767

200 6973 5590 4891





Part [B]









bull Part [B]

ViscositycP

Residence Time Sec

Wavy Smooth

4320 5872 4997

6320 8070 7093

8140 9549 8932

10660 12383 11536



Part [A]








Part [B]











YesNo


Wavy 100 025 Yes


Wavy 200 025 Yes


Smooth 100 025 Yes


Smooth 200 025 Yes


Wavy 200 025 Yes


Smooth 200 025 Yes

















Bibliography





















liquid

Part [A]





Dye concentration

Std Dye Sample -

Abs A Conc Sample

1375 1695 1

032 04255 2

0078 01064 3

0019 00266 4

Std Curve y = 12251x + 00145

R2 = 09997

0

02

04

06

08

1

12

14

16

18

0 05 1 15

Absorbance A

D

ye C

onc

Series1

Linear (Series1)


Part [A]


RPMRPM





0101




0505

008 lpm008 lpm5088+5088+



0101

RPMRPM 100100 150150 200200

Taylor Taylor nono

2654726547 3982039820 5309353093


00025 00025 0002500025 0002500025


y Ωy Ω

RpsRps

1046710467 157157 2093420934





0000

0500

1000

1500

2000

00 500 1000 1500 2000 2500 3000

Time Sec

D

ye C

on

c

100 RPM

150 RPM

200 RPM


0000

0500

1000

1500

2000

2500

3000

00 1000 2000 3000Time Sec

D

ye

Co

nc

100 RPM

150 RPM

200 RPM


0000

0500

1000

1500

2000

2500

00 1000 2000 3000

Time Sec

D

ye

Co

nc

100 RPM

150 RPM

200 RPM

Part [A]


RPMRPM



0101


016016





0101




0202

RPMRPM 100100 150150 200200



00025 00025 0002500025 0002500025


ΩΩ

RpsRps

1046710467 157157 2093420934





0000

0500

1000

1500

2000

2500

00 1000 2000 3000Time Sec

D

ye C

on

c

100 Rpm

150 Rpm

200 Rpm


0000

0500

1000

1500

2000

2500

00 1000 2000 3000

Time Sec

D

ye C

on

c

100 Rpm

150 Rpm

200 Rpm


-0200

0300

0800

1300

1800

2300

2800

00 500 1000 1500 2000 2500 3000Time sec

D

ye C

on

c

100 Rpm

150 Rpm

200 Rpm



Angular Frequency

Rpm


004 lpm 006 lpm 008 lpm

100 7005 5449 5088150 6058 5131 5010200 5797 5107 4990


40

45

50

55

60

65

70

75

80 90 100 110 120 130 140 150 160 170 180 190 200 210


Tim

e s

ec

004litmin

006litmin

008litmin


40

45

50

55

60

65

70

75

0035 0045 0055 0065 0075 0085

Flow rate Lpm

Tim

e S

ec

100RPM

150RPM

200RPM




4300

4800

5300

5800

6300

6800

7300

90 100

110

120

130

140

150

160

170

180

190

200

210


Re

sid

en

ce

Tim

e S

ec

004lpm

006lpm

008lpm


4300

4800

5300

5800

6300

6800

7300

003 004 005 006 007 008 009

Flow rate lpm

Re

sid

en

ce

Tim

e

Se

c

100Rpm

150Rpm

200Rpm

Angular Frequency

Rpm

Time Sec


004 lpm 006 lpm 008 lpm

100 6143 5502 5502

150 6355 5521 4767

200 6973 5590 4891





Part [B]









bull Part [B]

ViscositycP

Residence Time Sec

Wavy Smooth

4320 5872 4997

6320 8070 7093

8140 9549 8932

10660 12383 11536



Part [A]








Part [B]











YesNo


Wavy 100 025 Yes


Wavy 200 025 Yes


Smooth 100 025 Yes


Smooth 200 025 Yes


Wavy 200 025 Yes


Smooth 200 025 Yes

















Bibliography






Dye concentration

Std Dye Sample -

Abs A Conc Sample

1375 1695 1

032 04255 2

0078 01064 3

0019 00266 4

Std Curve y = 12251x + 00145

R2 = 09997

0

02

04

06

08

1

12

14

16

18

0 05 1 15

Absorbance A

D

ye C

onc

Series1

Linear (Series1)


Part [A]


RPMRPM





0101




0505

008 lpm008 lpm5088+5088+



0101

RPMRPM 100100 150150 200200

Taylor Taylor nono

2654726547 3982039820 5309353093


00025 00025 0002500025 0002500025


y Ωy Ω

RpsRps

1046710467 157157 2093420934





0000

0500

1000

1500

2000

00 500 1000 1500 2000 2500 3000

Time Sec

D

ye C

on

c

100 RPM

150 RPM

200 RPM


0000

0500

1000

1500

2000

2500

3000

00 1000 2000 3000Time Sec

D

ye

Co

nc

100 RPM

150 RPM

200 RPM


0000

0500

1000

1500

2000

2500

00 1000 2000 3000

Time Sec

D

ye

Co

nc

100 RPM

150 RPM

200 RPM

Part [A]


RPMRPM



0101


016016





0101




0202

RPMRPM 100100 150150 200200



00025 00025 0002500025 0002500025


ΩΩ

RpsRps

1046710467 157157 2093420934





0000

0500

1000

1500

2000

2500

00 1000 2000 3000Time Sec

D

ye C

on

c

100 Rpm

150 Rpm

200 Rpm


0000

0500

1000

1500

2000

2500

00 1000 2000 3000

Time Sec

D

ye C

on

c

100 Rpm

150 Rpm

200 Rpm


-0200

0300

0800

1300

1800

2300

2800

00 500 1000 1500 2000 2500 3000Time sec

D

ye C

on

c

100 Rpm

150 Rpm

200 Rpm



Angular Frequency

Rpm


004 lpm 006 lpm 008 lpm

100 7005 5449 5088150 6058 5131 5010200 5797 5107 4990


40

45

50

55

60

65

70

75

80 90 100 110 120 130 140 150 160 170 180 190 200 210


Tim

e s

ec

004litmin

006litmin

008litmin


40

45

50

55

60

65

70

75

0035 0045 0055 0065 0075 0085

Flow rate Lpm

Tim

e S

ec

100RPM

150RPM

200RPM




4300

4800

5300

5800

6300

6800

7300

90 100

110

120

130

140

150

160

170

180

190

200

210


Re

sid

en

ce

Tim

e S

ec

004lpm

006lpm

008lpm


4300

4800

5300

5800

6300

6800

7300

003 004 005 006 007 008 009

Flow rate lpm

Re

sid

en

ce

Tim

e

Se

c

100Rpm

150Rpm

200Rpm

Angular Frequency

Rpm

Time Sec


004 lpm 006 lpm 008 lpm

100 6143 5502 5502

150 6355 5521 4767

200 6973 5590 4891





Part [B]









bull Part [B]

ViscositycP

Residence Time Sec

Wavy Smooth

4320 5872 4997

6320 8070 7093

8140 9549 8932

10660 12383 11536



Part [A]








Part [B]











YesNo


Wavy 100 025 Yes


Wavy 200 025 Yes


Smooth 100 025 Yes


Smooth 200 025 Yes


Wavy 200 025 Yes


Smooth 200 025 Yes

















Bibliography





Part [A]


RPMRPM





0101




0505

008 lpm008 lpm5088+5088+



0101

RPMRPM 100100 150150 200200

Taylor Taylor nono

2654726547 3982039820 5309353093


00025 00025 0002500025 0002500025


y Ωy Ω

RpsRps

1046710467 157157 2093420934





0000

0500

1000

1500

2000

00 500 1000 1500 2000 2500 3000

Time Sec

D

ye C

on

c

100 RPM

150 RPM

200 RPM


0000

0500

1000

1500

2000

2500

3000

00 1000 2000 3000Time Sec

D

ye

Co

nc

100 RPM

150 RPM

200 RPM


0000

0500

1000

1500

2000

2500

00 1000 2000 3000

Time Sec

D

ye

Co

nc

100 RPM

150 RPM

200 RPM

Part [A]


RPMRPM



0101


016016





0101




0202

RPMRPM 100100 150150 200200



00025 00025 0002500025 0002500025


ΩΩ

RpsRps

1046710467 157157 2093420934





0000

0500

1000

1500

2000

2500

00 1000 2000 3000Time Sec

D

ye C

on

c

100 Rpm

150 Rpm

200 Rpm


0000

0500

1000

1500

2000

2500

00 1000 2000 3000

Time Sec

D

ye C

on

c

100 Rpm

150 Rpm

200 Rpm


-0200

0300

0800

1300

1800

2300

2800

00 500 1000 1500 2000 2500 3000Time sec

D

ye C

on

c

100 Rpm

150 Rpm

200 Rpm



Angular Frequency

Rpm


004 lpm 006 lpm 008 lpm

100 7005 5449 5088150 6058 5131 5010200 5797 5107 4990


40

45

50

55

60

65

70

75

80 90 100 110 120 130 140 150 160 170 180 190 200 210


Tim

e s

ec

004litmin

006litmin

008litmin


40

45

50

55

60

65

70

75

0035 0045 0055 0065 0075 0085

Flow rate Lpm

Tim

e S

ec

100RPM

150RPM

200RPM




4300

4800

5300

5800

6300

6800

7300

90 100

110

120

130

140

150

160

170

180

190

200

210


Re

sid

en

ce

Tim

e S

ec

004lpm

006lpm

008lpm


4300

4800

5300

5800

6300

6800

7300

003 004 005 006 007 008 009

Flow rate lpm

Re

sid

en

ce

Tim

e

Se

c

100Rpm

150Rpm

200Rpm

Angular Frequency

Rpm

Time Sec


004 lpm 006 lpm 008 lpm

100 6143 5502 5502

150 6355 5521 4767

200 6973 5590 4891





Part [B]









bull Part [B]

ViscositycP

Residence Time Sec

Wavy Smooth

4320 5872 4997

6320 8070 7093

8140 9549 8932

10660 12383 11536



Part [A]








Part [B]











YesNo


Wavy 100 025 Yes


Wavy 200 025 Yes


Smooth 100 025 Yes


Smooth 200 025 Yes


Wavy 200 025 Yes


Smooth 200 025 Yes

















Bibliography








0000

0500

1000

1500

2000

00 500 1000 1500 2000 2500 3000

Time Sec

D

ye C

on

c

100 RPM

150 RPM

200 RPM


0000

0500

1000

1500

2000

2500

3000

00 1000 2000 3000Time Sec

D

ye

Co

nc

100 RPM

150 RPM

200 RPM


0000

0500

1000

1500

2000

2500

00 1000 2000 3000

Time Sec

D

ye

Co

nc

100 RPM

150 RPM

200 RPM

Part [A]


RPMRPM



0101


016016





0101




0202

RPMRPM 100100 150150 200200



00025 00025 0002500025 0002500025


ΩΩ

RpsRps

1046710467 157157 2093420934





0000

0500

1000

1500

2000

2500

00 1000 2000 3000Time Sec

D

ye C

on

c

100 Rpm

150 Rpm

200 Rpm


0000

0500

1000

1500

2000

2500

00 1000 2000 3000

Time Sec

D

ye C

on

c

100 Rpm

150 Rpm

200 Rpm


-0200

0300

0800

1300

1800

2300

2800

00 500 1000 1500 2000 2500 3000Time sec

D

ye C

on

c

100 Rpm

150 Rpm

200 Rpm



Angular Frequency

Rpm


004 lpm 006 lpm 008 lpm

100 7005 5449 5088150 6058 5131 5010200 5797 5107 4990


40

45

50

55

60

65

70

75

80 90 100 110 120 130 140 150 160 170 180 190 200 210


Tim

e s

ec

004litmin

006litmin

008litmin


40

45

50

55

60

65

70

75

0035 0045 0055 0065 0075 0085

Flow rate Lpm

Tim

e S

ec

100RPM

150RPM

200RPM




4300

4800

5300

5800

6300

6800

7300

90 100

110

120

130

140

150

160

170

180

190

200

210


Re

sid

en

ce

Tim

e S

ec

004lpm

006lpm

008lpm


4300

4800

5300

5800

6300

6800

7300

003 004 005 006 007 008 009

Flow rate lpm

Re

sid

en

ce

Tim

e

Se

c

100Rpm

150Rpm

200Rpm

Angular Frequency

Rpm

Time Sec


004 lpm 006 lpm 008 lpm

100 6143 5502 5502

150 6355 5521 4767

200 6973 5590 4891





Part [B]









bull Part [B]

ViscositycP

Residence Time Sec

Wavy Smooth

4320 5872 4997

6320 8070 7093

8140 9549 8932

10660 12383 11536



Part [A]








Part [B]











YesNo


Wavy 100 025 Yes


Wavy 200 025 Yes


Smooth 100 025 Yes


Smooth 200 025 Yes


Wavy 200 025 Yes


Smooth 200 025 Yes

















Bibliography





Part [A]


RPMRPM



0101


016016





0101




0202

RPMRPM 100100 150150 200200



00025 00025 0002500025 0002500025


ΩΩ

RpsRps

1046710467 157157 2093420934





0000

0500

1000

1500

2000

2500

00 1000 2000 3000Time Sec

D

ye C

on

c

100 Rpm

150 Rpm

200 Rpm


0000

0500

1000

1500

2000

2500

00 1000 2000 3000

Time Sec

D

ye C

on

c

100 Rpm

150 Rpm

200 Rpm


-0200

0300

0800

1300

1800

2300

2800

00 500 1000 1500 2000 2500 3000Time sec

D

ye C

on

c

100 Rpm

150 Rpm

200 Rpm



Angular Frequency

Rpm


004 lpm 006 lpm 008 lpm

100 7005 5449 5088150 6058 5131 5010200 5797 5107 4990


40

45

50

55

60

65

70

75

80 90 100 110 120 130 140 150 160 170 180 190 200 210


Tim

e s

ec

004litmin

006litmin

008litmin


40

45

50

55

60

65

70

75

0035 0045 0055 0065 0075 0085

Flow rate Lpm

Tim

e S

ec

100RPM

150RPM

200RPM




4300

4800

5300

5800

6300

6800

7300

90 100

110

120

130

140

150

160

170

180

190

200

210


Re

sid

en

ce

Tim

e S

ec

004lpm

006lpm

008lpm


4300

4800

5300

5800

6300

6800

7300

003 004 005 006 007 008 009

Flow rate lpm

Re

sid

en

ce

Tim

e

Se

c

100Rpm

150Rpm

200Rpm

Angular Frequency

Rpm

Time Sec


004 lpm 006 lpm 008 lpm

100 6143 5502 5502

150 6355 5521 4767

200 6973 5590 4891





Part [B]









bull Part [B]

ViscositycP

Residence Time Sec

Wavy Smooth

4320 5872 4997

6320 8070 7093

8140 9549 8932

10660 12383 11536



Part [A]








Part [B]











YesNo


Wavy 100 025 Yes


Wavy 200 025 Yes


Smooth 100 025 Yes


Smooth 200 025 Yes


Wavy 200 025 Yes


Smooth 200 025 Yes

















Bibliography








0000

0500

1000

1500

2000

2500

00 1000 2000 3000Time Sec

D

ye C

on

c

100 Rpm

150 Rpm

200 Rpm


0000

0500

1000

1500

2000

2500

00 1000 2000 3000

Time Sec

D

ye C

on

c

100 Rpm

150 Rpm

200 Rpm


-0200

0300

0800

1300

1800

2300

2800

00 500 1000 1500 2000 2500 3000Time sec

D

ye C

on

c

100 Rpm

150 Rpm

200 Rpm



Angular Frequency

Rpm


004 lpm 006 lpm 008 lpm

100 7005 5449 5088150 6058 5131 5010200 5797 5107 4990


40

45

50

55

60

65

70

75

80 90 100 110 120 130 140 150 160 170 180 190 200 210


Tim

e s

ec

004litmin

006litmin

008litmin


40

45

50

55

60

65

70

75

0035 0045 0055 0065 0075 0085

Flow rate Lpm

Tim

e S

ec

100RPM

150RPM

200RPM




4300

4800

5300

5800

6300

6800

7300

90 100

110

120

130

140

150

160

170

180

190

200

210


Re

sid

en

ce

Tim

e S

ec

004lpm

006lpm

008lpm


4300

4800

5300

5800

6300

6800

7300

003 004 005 006 007 008 009

Flow rate lpm

Re

sid

en

ce

Tim

e

Se

c

100Rpm

150Rpm

200Rpm

Angular Frequency

Rpm

Time Sec


004 lpm 006 lpm 008 lpm

100 6143 5502 5502

150 6355 5521 4767

200 6973 5590 4891





Part [B]









bull Part [B]

ViscositycP

Residence Time Sec

Wavy Smooth

4320 5872 4997

6320 8070 7093

8140 9549 8932

10660 12383 11536



Part [A]








Part [B]











YesNo


Wavy 100 025 Yes


Wavy 200 025 Yes


Smooth 100 025 Yes


Smooth 200 025 Yes


Wavy 200 025 Yes


Smooth 200 025 Yes

















Bibliography







Angular Frequency

Rpm


004 lpm 006 lpm 008 lpm

100 7005 5449 5088150 6058 5131 5010200 5797 5107 4990


40

45

50

55

60

65

70

75

80 90 100 110 120 130 140 150 160 170 180 190 200 210


Tim

e s

ec

004litmin

006litmin

008litmin


40

45

50

55

60

65

70

75

0035 0045 0055 0065 0075 0085

Flow rate Lpm

Tim

e S

ec

100RPM

150RPM

200RPM




4300

4800

5300

5800

6300

6800

7300

90 100

110

120

130

140

150

160

170

180

190

200

210


Re

sid

en

ce

Tim

e S

ec

004lpm

006lpm

008lpm


4300

4800

5300

5800

6300

6800

7300

003 004 005 006 007 008 009

Flow rate lpm

Re

sid

en

ce

Tim

e

Se

c

100Rpm

150Rpm

200Rpm

Angular Frequency

Rpm

Time Sec


004 lpm 006 lpm 008 lpm

100 6143 5502 5502

150 6355 5521 4767

200 6973 5590 4891





Part [B]









bull Part [B]

ViscositycP

Residence Time Sec

Wavy Smooth

4320 5872 4997

6320 8070 7093

8140 9549 8932

10660 12383 11536



Part [A]








Part [B]











YesNo


Wavy 100 025 Yes


Wavy 200 025 Yes


Smooth 100 025 Yes


Smooth 200 025 Yes


Wavy 200 025 Yes


Smooth 200 025 Yes

















Bibliography








4300

4800

5300

5800

6300

6800

7300

90 100

110

120

130

140

150

160

170

180

190

200

210


Re

sid

en

ce

Tim

e S

ec

004lpm

006lpm

008lpm


4300

4800

5300

5800

6300

6800

7300

003 004 005 006 007 008 009

Flow rate lpm

Re

sid

en

ce

Tim

e

Se

c

100Rpm

150Rpm

200Rpm

Angular Frequency

Rpm

Time Sec


004 lpm 006 lpm 008 lpm

100 6143 5502 5502

150 6355 5521 4767

200 6973 5590 4891





Part [B]









bull Part [B]

ViscositycP

Residence Time Sec

Wavy Smooth

4320 5872 4997

6320 8070 7093

8140 9549 8932

10660 12383 11536



Part [A]








Part [B]











YesNo


Wavy 100 025 Yes


Wavy 200 025 Yes


Smooth 100 025 Yes


Smooth 200 025 Yes


Wavy 200 025 Yes


Smooth 200 025 Yes

















Bibliography









Part [B]









bull Part [B]

ViscositycP

Residence Time Sec

Wavy Smooth

4320 5872 4997

6320 8070 7093

8140 9549 8932

10660 12383 11536



Part [A]








Part [B]











YesNo


Wavy 100 025 Yes


Wavy 200 025 Yes


Smooth 100 025 Yes


Smooth 200 025 Yes


Wavy 200 025 Yes


Smooth 200 025 Yes

















Bibliography










bull Part [B]

ViscositycP

Residence Time Sec

Wavy Smooth

4320 5872 4997

6320 8070 7093

8140 9549 8932

10660 12383 11536



Part [A]








Part [B]











YesNo


Wavy 100 025 Yes


Wavy 200 025 Yes


Smooth 100 025 Yes


Smooth 200 025 Yes


Wavy 200 025 Yes


Smooth 200 025 Yes

















Bibliography







Part [A]








Part [B]











YesNo


Wavy 100 025 Yes


Wavy 200 025 Yes


Smooth 100 025 Yes


Smooth 200 025 Yes


Wavy 200 025 Yes


Smooth 200 025 Yes

















Bibliography







Part [B]











YesNo


Wavy 100 025 Yes


Wavy 200 025 Yes


Smooth 100 025 Yes


Smooth 200 025 Yes


Wavy 200 025 Yes


Smooth 200 025 Yes

















Bibliography











YesNo


Wavy 100 025 Yes


Wavy 200 025 Yes


Smooth 100 025 Yes


Smooth 200 025 Yes


Wavy 200 025 Yes


Smooth 200 025 Yes

















Bibliography


















Bibliography





Processing of liquid foods using UV Taylor-Couette flow reactor

Technology

Transcript of Processing of liquid foods using UV Taylor-Couette flow reactor