PROCESS vs PRODUCT

Private Meandering “Random” links Thinking

Public Linear Logical links Communicating

COMPARISON (Early Stages)

Inventory & summary

Item by item (linear/sequential)

Mainly descriptive (some opinion)

Quote + paraphrase

Let the structure or sequence of the work determine the structure and/or sequence of your thought (argument)

COMPARISON (Middle Stages)

Shift organizing principles away from the chronology of the narrative (fiction) or the sequence and summary of ideas (prose nonfiction)

Find and explore alternative organizing principles such as: theme, style, use of literary or rhetorical devices, symbolism, narrative style

Re-organize with longest and a strongest ideas first

COMPARISON (Advanced Stages)

Introduce your own theory about what is happening in texts or what issues are being addressed (or ignored)

Shift the organizing principles away from the text and toward YOUR ideas and agendas – an opinion or thesis

(Some)

ELEMENTS of FICTION

Theme

Narrative (narratology)

Imagery

Plot

Setting

Characterization

NARRATORS – NARRATIVES (1.1)

1ST 2ND 3RD person (singular plural)

Limited – Unlimited

Reliable – Unreliable

Dramatic – Omniscient

Linear, iterative, circular, teleological, retrospective

NARRATORS – NARRATIVES (1.2)

Analepsis (flashback) and Prolepsis (flash forward)

Showing vs telling Framing narratives Diegetic (heard-experienced by the

characters)

Non-diegetic (not heard by characters but heard by us)