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The latest version of Capability Maturity Model Integration (CMMI)--CMMI for Development, Version 1.2—contains 22 Process Areas that describe the aspects of product development that are to be covered by organizational processes.

Contents[hide]

1 Process Area Organization 2 Maturity Levels 3 Goals and Practices

o 3.1 Generic Goals and Practices 4 Process Areas

o 4.1 Causal Analysis and Resolution (CAR) o 4.2 Configuration Management (CM) o 4.3 Decision Analysis and Resolution (DAR) o 4.4 Integrated Project Management +IPPD (IPM) o 4.5 Measurement and Analysis (MA) o 4.6 Organizational Innovation and Deployment (OID) o 4.7 Organizational Process Definition +IPPD (OPD) o 4.8 Organizational Process Focus (OPF) o 4.9 Organizational Process Performance (OPP) o 4.10 Organizational Training (OT) o 4.11 Product Integration (PI) o 4.12 Project Monitoring and Control (PMC) o 4.13 Project Planning (PP) o 4.14 Process and Product Quality Assurance (PPQA) o 4.15 Quantitative Project Management (QPM) o 4.16 Requirements Development (RD) o 4.17 Requirements Management (REQM) o 4.18 Risk Management (RSKM) o 4.19 Supplier Agreement Management (SAM) o 4.20 Technical Solution (TS) o 4.21 Validation (VAL) o 4.22 Verification (VER)

5 Changes made in Version 1.2 6 References 7 Further reading

[edit] Process Area OrganizationIn CMMI models, the process areas are organized in alphabetical order according to their acronym. However, process areas can be grouped according to maturity levels or process area categories.

[edit] Maturity LevelsThere are Five maturity levels. However, maturity level ratings are awarded for levels 2 through 5.

Maturity Level 2 - Managed

CM - Configuration Management MA - Measurement and Analysis PMC - Project Monitoring and Control PP - Project Planning PPQA - Process and Product Quality Assurance REQM - Requirements Management SAM - Supplier Agreement Management

Maturity Level 3 - Defined

DAR - Decision Analysis and Resolution IPM - Integrated Project Management +IPPD OPD - Organizational Process Definition +IPPD OPF - Organizational Process Focus OT - Organizational Training PI - Product Integration RD - Requirements Development RSKM - Risk Management TS - Technical Solution VAL - Validation VER - Verification

Maturity Level 4 - Quantitatively Managed

QPM - Quantitative Project Management OPP - Organizational Process Performance

Maturity Level 5 - Optimizing

CAR - Causal Analysis and Resolution OID - Organizational Innovation and Deployment

[edit] Goals and PracticesThere are two categories of goals and practices: generic and specific. Specific goals and practices are specific to a process area. Generic goals and practices are a part of every process area. A process area is satisfied when organizational processes cover all of the generic and specific goals and practices for that process area.

[edit] Generic Goals and Practices

Generic goals and practices are a part of every process area.

GG 1 Achieve Specific Goals o GP 1.1 Perform Specific Practices

GG 2 Institutionalize a Managed Process o GP 2.1 Establish an Organizational Policyo GP 2.2 Plan the Processo GP 2.3 Provide Resourceso GP 2.4 Assign Responsibilityo GP 2.5 Train Peopleo GP 2.6 Manage Configurationso GP 2.7 Identify and Involve Relevant Stakeholderso GP 2.8 Monitor and Control the Processo GP 2.9 Objectively Evaluate Adherenceo GP 2.10 Review Status with Higher Level Management

GG 3 Institutionalize a Defined Process o GP 3.1 Establish a Defined Processo GP 3.2 Collect Improvement Information

GG 4 Institutionalize a Quantitatively Managed Process o GP 4.1 Establish Quantitative Objectives for the Processo GP 4.2 Stabilise Subprocess Performance

GG 5 Institutionalize an Optimizing Process o GP 5.1 Ensure Continuous Process Improvemento GP 5.2 Correct Root Causes of Problems

Specific Goals and Practices

Each process area is defined by a set of goals and practices. These goals and practices appear only in that process area.

[edit] Process Areas

CMMI for Development, Version 1.2 contains 22 process areas indicating the aspects of product and service development that are to be covered by organizational processes.

[edit] Causal Analysis and Resolution (CAR)

A Support process area at Maturity Level 5

Purpose

The purpose of Causal Analysis and Resolution (CAR) is to identify causes of defects and other problems and take action to prevent them from occurring in the future.

Specific Practices by Goal

SG 1 Determine Causes of Defects o SP 1.1 Select Defect Data for Analysiso SP 1.2 Analyze Causes

SG 2 Address Causes of Defects o SP 2.1 Implement the Action Proposalso SP 2.2 Evaluate the Effect of Changeso SP 2.3 Record Data

Generic Practices by Goal

GG 1 Achieve Specific Goals o GP 1.1 Perform Specific Practices

GG 2 Institutionalize a Managed Process o GP 2.1 Establish an Organizational Policyo GP 2.2 Plan the Processo GP 2.3 Provide Resourceso GP 2.4 Assign Responsibilityo GP 2.5 Train Peopleo GP 2.6 Manage Configurationso GP 2.7 Identify and Involve Relevant Stakeholderso GP 2.8 Monitor and Control the Processo GP 2.9 Objectively Evaluate Adherenceo GP 2.10 Review Status with Higher Level Management

GG 3 Institutionalize a Defined Process o GP 3.1 Establish a Defined Processo GP 3.2 Collect Improvement Information

GG 4 Institutionalize a Quantitatively Managed Process o GP 4.1 Establish Quantitative Objectives for the Process

GP 4.2 Stabilize Subprocess Performance GG 5 Institutionalize an Optimizing Process

o GP 5.1 Ensure Continuous Process Improvemento GP 5.2 Correct Root Causes of Problems

[edit] Configuration Management (CM)

A Support process area at Maturity Level 2

Purpose

The purpose of Configuration Management (CM) is to establish and maintain the integrity of work products using configuration identification, configuration control, configuration status accounting, and configuration audits.

Specific Practices by Goal

SG 1 Establish Baselines o SP 1.1 Identify Configuration Itemso SP 1.2 Establish a Configuration Management Systemo SP 1.3 Create or Release Baselines

SG 2 Track and Control Changes o SP 2.1 Track Change Requestso SP 2.2 Control Configuration Items

SG 3 Establish Integrity o SP 3.1 Establish Configuration Management Recordso SP 3.2 Perform Configuration Audits

[edit] Decision Analysis and Resolution (DAR)

A Support process area at Maturity Level 3

Purpose

The purpose of Decision Analysis and Resolution (DAR) is to analyze possible decisions using a formal evaluation process that evaluates identified alternatives against established criteria.

Specific Practices by Goal

SG 1 Evaluate Alternatives o SP 1.1 Establish Guidelines for Decision Analysiso SP 1.2 Establish Evaluation Criteriao SP 1.3 Identify Alternative Solutionso SP 1.4 Select Evaluation Methodso SP 1.5 Evaluate Alternativeso SP 1.6 Select Solutions

[edit] Integrated Project Management +IPPD (IPM)

A Project Management process area at Maturity Level 3

Purpose

The purpose of Integrated Project Management +IPPD (IPM) is to establish and manage the project and the involvement of the relevant stakeholders according to an integrated and defined process that is tailored from the organization's set of standard processes.

Specific Practices by Goal

SG 1 Use the Project's Defined Process o SP 1.1 Establish the Project's Defined Processo SP 1.2 Use Organizational Process Assets for Planning Project Activitieso SP 1.3 Establish the Project's Work Environmento SP 1.4 Integrate Planso SP 1.5 Manage the Project Using the Integrated Planso SP 1.6 Contribute to the Organizational Process Assets

SG 2 Coordinate and Collaborate with Relevant Stakeholders o SP 2.1 Manage Stakeholder Involvemento SP 2.2 Manage Dependencieso SP 2.3 Resolve Coordination Issues

IPPD Addition:

SG 3 Apply IPPD Principles o SP 3.1 Establish the Project’s Shared Visiono SP 3.2 Establish the Integrated Team Structureo SP 3.3 Allocate Requirements to Integrated Teamso SP 3.4 Establish Integrated Teamso SP 3.5 Ensure Collaboration among Interfacing Teams

[edit] Measurement and Analysis (MA)

A Support process area at Maturity Level 2

Purpose

The purpose of Measurement and Analysis (MA) is to develop and sustain a measurement capability that is used to support management information needs.

Specific Practices by Goal

'SG 1 Align Measurement and Analysis Activities' o SP 1.1 Establish Measurement Objectives

Resources,People,Facilities and Techniques.

o SP 1.2 Specify Measures

Information Needs Document,Guidance,Reference and Reporting.

o SP 1.3 Specify Data Collection and Storage Procedures

Sources,Methods,Frequency and Owners.

o SP 1.4 Specify Analysis Procedures

Rules,Alarms,SPC and Variance.

SG 2 Provide Measurement Results o SP 2.1 Collect Measurement Data

Actual,Plan,Automatic and Manual.

o SP 2.2 Analyze Measurement Data

Evaluate,Drill Down,RCA.

o SP 2.3 Store Data and Results

Store,Secure,Accessible,History and Evidence.

o SP 2.4 Communicate Results

Information Sharing,Dash Boards,Up to Date,Simple and Interpret.

[edit] Organizational Innovation and Deployment (OID)

A Process Management process area at Maturity Level 5

Purpose

The purpose of Organizational Innovation and Deployment (OID) is to select and deploy incremental and innovative improvements that measurably improve the organization's processes and technologies. The improvements support the organization's quality and process-performance objectives as derived from the organization's business objectives.

Specific Practices by Goal

SG 1 Select Improvements o SP 1.1 Collect and Analyze Improvement Proposalso SP 1.2 Identify and Analyze Innovationso SP 1.3 Pilot Improvementso SP 1.4 Select Improvements for Deployment

SG 2 Deploy Improvements o SP 2.1 Plan the Deploymento SP 2.2 Manage the Deploymento SP 2.3 Measure Improvement Effects

[edit] Organizational Process Definition +IPPD (OPD)

A Process Management process area at Maturity Level 3

Purpose

The purpose of Organizational Process Definition +IPPD (OPD) is to establish and maintain a usable set of organizational process assets and work environment standards. For IPPD, Organizational Process Definition +IPPD also covers the establishment of organizational rules and guidelines that enable conducting work using integrated teams.

Specific Practices by Goal

SG 1 Establish Organizational Process Assets o SP 1.1 Establish Standard Processeso SP 1.2 Establish Lifecycle Model Descriptionso SP 1.3 Establish Tailoring Criteria and Guidelineso SP 1.4 Establish the Organization's Measurement Repositoryo SP 1.5 Establish the Organization's Process Asset Libraryo SP 1.6 Establish Work Environment Standards

IPPD Addition:

SG 2 Enable IPPD Management o SP 2.1 Establish Empowerment Mechanismso SP 2.2 Establish Rules and Guidelines for Integrated Teamso SP 2.3 Balance Team and Home Organization Responsibilities

[edit] Organizational Process Focus (OPF)

A Process Management process area at Maturity Level 3

Purpose

The purpose of Organizational Process Focus (OPF) is to plan, implement, and deploy organizational process improvements based on a thorough understanding of the current strengths and weaknesses of the organization's processes and process assets.

Specific Practices by Goal

SG 1 Determine Process Improvement Opportunities o SP 1.1 Establish Organizational Process Needso SP 1.2 Appraise the Organization's Processeso SP 1.3 Identify the Organization's Process Improvements

SG 2 Plan and Implement Process Improvements o SP 2.1 Establish Process Action Planso SP 2.2 Implement Process Action Plans

SG 3 Deploy Organizational Process Assets and Incorporate Lessons Learned o SP 3.1 Deploy Organizational Process Assetso SP 3.2 Deploy Standard Processeso SP 3.3 Monitor Implementationo SP 3.4 Incorporate Process-Related Experiences into the Organizational Process

Assets

[edit] Organizational Process Performance (OPP)

A Process Management process area at Maturity Level 4

Purpose

The purpose of Organizational Process Performance (OPP) is to establish and maintain a quantitative understanding of the performance of the organization's set of standard processes in support of quality and process-performance objectives, and to provide the process-performance data, baselines, and models to quantitatively manage the organization's projects.

Specific Practices by Goal

SG 1 Establish Performance Baselines and Models o SP 1.1 Select Processeso SP 1.2 Establish Process-Performance Measureso SP 1.3 Establish Quality and Process-Performance Objectiveso SP 1.4 Establish Process-Performance Baselineso SP 1.5 Establish Process-Performance Models

[edit] Organizational Training (OT)

A Process Management process area at Maturity Level 3

Purpose

The purpose of Organizational Training (OT) is to develop the skills and knowledge of people so they can perform their roles effectively and efficiently.

Specific Practices by Goal

SG 1 Establish an Organizational Training Capability o SP 1.1 Establish the Strategic Training Needso SP 1.2 Determine Which Training Needs Are the Responsibility of the

Organizationo SP 1.3 Establish an Organizational Training Tactical Plano SP 1.4 Establish Training Capability

SG 2 Provide Necessary Training o SP 2.1 Deliver Trainingo SP 2.2 Establish Training Recordso SP 2.3 Assess Training Effectiveness

[edit] Product Integration (PI)

An Engineering process area at Maturity Level 3

Purpose

The purpose of Product Integration (PI) is to assemble the product from the product components, ensure that the product, as integrated, functions properly, and deliver the product.

Specific Practices by Goal

SG 1 Prepare for Product Integration o SP 1.1 Determine Integration Sequenceo SP 1.2 Establish the Product Integration Environmento SP 1.3 Establish Product Integration Procedures and Criteria

SG 2 Ensure Interface Compatibility o SP 2.1 Review Interface Descriptions for Completenesso SP 2.2 Manage Interfaces

SG 3 Assemble Product Components and Deliver the Product o SP 3.1 Confirm Readiness of Product Components for Integrationo SP 3.2 Assemble Product Componentso SP 3.3 Evaluate Assembled Product Componentso SP 3.4 Package and Deliver the Product or Product Component

[edit] Project Monitoring and Control (PMC)

A Project Management process area at Maturity Level 2

Purpose

The purpose of Project Monitoring and Control (PMC) is to provide an understanding of the project's progress so that appropriate corrective actions can be taken when the project's performance deviates significantly from the plan.

Specific Practices by Goal

SG 1 Monitor Project Against Plan o SP 1.1 Monitor Project Planning Parameterso SP 1.2 Monitor Commitmentso SP 1.3 Monitor Project Riskso SP 1.4 Monitor Data Managemento SP 1.5 Monitor Stakeholder Involvemento SP 1.6 Conduct Progress Reviewso SP 1.7 Conduct Milestone Reviews

SG 2 Manage Corrective Action to Closure o SP 2.1 Analyze Issueso SP 2.2 Take Corrective Actiono SP 2.3 Manage Corrective Action

[edit] Project Planning (PP)

A Project Management process area at Maturity Level 2

Purpose

The purpose of Project Planning (PP) is to establish and maintain plans that define project activities.

Specific Practices by Goal

SG 1 Establish Estimates o SP 1.1 Estimate the Scope of the Projecto SP 1.2 Establish Estimates of Work Product and Task Attributeso SP 1.3 Define Project Lifecycleo SP 1.4 Determine Estimates of Effort and Cost

SG 2 Develop a Project Plan o SP 2.1 Establish the Budget and Scheduleo SP 2.2 Identify Project Riskso SP 2.3 Plan for Data Managemento SP 2.4 Plan for Project Resourceso SP 2.5 Plan for Needed Knowledge and Skillso SP 2.6 Plan Stakeholder Involvemento SP 2.7 Establish the Project Plan

SG 3 Obtain Commitment to the Plan o SP 3.1 Review Plans that Affect the Projecto SP 3.2 Reconcile Work and Resource Levels

o SP 3.3 Obtain Plan Commitment

[edit] Process and Product Quality Assurance (PPQA)

A Support process area at Maturity Level 2

Purpose

The purpose of Process and Product Quality Assurance (PPQA) is to provide staff and management with objective insight into processes and associated work products.

Specific Practices by Goal

SG 1 Objectively Evaluate Processes and Work Products o SP 1.1 Objectively Evaluate Processeso SP 1.2 Objectively Evaluate Work Products and Services

SG 2 Provide Objective Insight o SP 2.1 Communicate and Ensure Resolution of Noncompliance Issueso SP 2.2 Establish Records

[edit] Quantitative Project Management (QPM)

A Project Management process area at Maturity Level 4

Purpose

The purpose of the Quantitative Project Management (QPM) process area is to quantitatively manage the project's defined process to achieve the project's established quality and process-performance objectives.

Specific Practices by Goal

SG 1 Quantitatively Manage the Project o SP 1.1 Establish the Project's Objectiveso SP 1.2 Compose the Defined Processeso SP 1.3 Select the Subprocesses that Will Be Statistically Managedo SP 1.4 Manage Project Performance

SG 2 Statistically Manage Subprocess Performance o SP 2.1 Select Measures and Analytic Techniqueso SP 2.2 Apply Statistical Methods to Understand Variationo SP 2.3 Monitor Performance of the Selected Subprocesseso SP 2.4 Record Statistical Management Data

[edit] Requirements Development (RD)

An Engineering process area at Maturity Level 3.

Purpose

The purpose of Requirements Development (RD) is to produce and analyze customer, product, and product component requirements.

Specific Practices by Goal

SG 1 Develop Customer Requirements o SP 1.1 Elicit Needso SP 1.2 Develop the Customer Requirements

SG 2 Develop Product Requirements o SP 2.1 Establish Product and Product Component Requirementso SP 2.2 Allocate Product Component Requirementso SP 2.3 Identify Interface Requirements

SG 3 Analyze and Validate Requirements o SP 3.1 Establish Operational Concepts and Scenarioso SP 3.2 Establish a Definition of Required Functionalityo SP 3.3 Analyze Requirementso SP 3.4 Analyze Requirements to Achieve Balanceo SP 3.5 Validate Requirements

[edit] Requirements Management (REQM)

An Engineering process area at Maturity Level 2

Purpose

The purpose of Requirements Management (REQM) is to manage the requirements of the project's products and product components and to identify inconsistencies between those requirements and the project's plans and work products.

Specific Practices by Goal

SG 1 Manage Requirements o SP 1.1 Obtain an Understanding of Requirementso SP 1.2 Obtain Commitment to Requirementso SP 1.3 Manage Requirements Changeso SP 1.4 Maintain Bidirectional Traceability of Requirementso SP 1.5 Identify Inconsistencies Between Project Work and Requirements

[edit] Risk Management (RSKM)

A Project Management process area at Maturity Level 3

Purpose

The purpose of Risk Management (RSKM) is to identify potential problems before they occur so that risk-handling activities can be planned and invoked as needed across the life of the product or project to mitigate adverse impacts on achieving objectives.

Specific Practices by Goal

SG 1 Prepare for Risk Management o SP 1.1 Determine Risk Sources and Categorieso SP 1.2 Define Risk Parameterso SP 1.3 Establish a Risk Management Strategy

SG 2 Identify and Analyze Risks o SP 2.1 Identify Riskso SP 2.2 Evaluate, Categorize, and Prioritize Risks

SG 3 Mitigate Risks o SP 3.1 Develop Risk Mitigation Planso SP 3.2 Implement Risk Mitigation Plans

[edit] Supplier Agreement Management (SAM)

A Project Management process area at Maturity Level 2

Purpose

The purpose of Supplier Agreement Management (SAM) is to manage the acquisition of products from suppliers.

Specific Practices by Goal

SG 1 Establish Supplier Agreements o SP 1.1 Determine Acquisition Typeo SP 1.2 Select Supplierso SP 1.3 Establish Supplier Agreements

SG 2 Satisfy Supplier Agreements o SP 2.1 Execute the Supplier Agreemento SP 2.2 Monitor Selected Supplier Processeso SP 2.3 Evaluate Selected Supplier Work Productso SP 2.4 Accept the Acquired Producto SP 2.5 Transition Products

[edit] Technical Solution (TS)

An Engineering process area at Maturity Level 3

Purpose

The purpose of Technical Solution (TS) is to design, develop, and implement solutions to requirements. Solutions, designs, and implementations encompass products, product components, and product-related lifecycle processes either singly or in combination as appropriate.

Specific Practices by Goal

SG 1 Select Product Component Solutions o SP 1.1 Develop Alternative Solutions and Selection Criteriao SP 1.2 Select Product Component Solutions

SG 2 Develop the Design o SP 2.1 Design the Product or Product Componento SP 2.2 Establish a Technical Data Packageo SP 2.3 Design Interfaces Using Criteriao SP 2.4 Perform Make, Buy, or Reuse Analyses

SG 3 Implement the Product Design o SP 3.1 Implement the Designo SP 3.2 Develop Product Support Documentation

[edit] Validation (VAL)

An Engineering process area at Maturity Level 3

Purpose

The purpose of Validation (VAL) is to demonstrate that a product or product component fulfills its intended use when placed in its intended environment.

Specific Practices by Goal

SG 1 Prepare for Validation o SP 1.1 Select Products for Validationo SP 1.2 Establish the Validation Environmento SP 1.3 Establish Validation Procedures and Criteria

SG 2 Validate Product or Product Components o SP 2.1 Perform Validationo SP 2.2 Analyze Validation Results

[edit] Verification (VER)

An Engineering process area at Maturity Level 3

Purpose

The purpose of Verification (VER) is to ensure that selected work products meet their specified requirements.

Specific Practices by Goal

SG 1 Prepare for Verification o SP 1.1 Select Work Products for Verificationo SP 1.2 Establish the Verification Environmento SP 1.3 Establish Verification Procedures and Criteria

SG 2 Perform Peer Reviews o SP 2.1 Prepare for Peer Reviewso SP 2.2 Conduct Peer Reviewso SP 2.3 Analyze Peer Review Data

SG 3 Verify Selected Work Products o SP 3.1 Perform Verificationo SP 3.2 Analyze Verification Results

[edit] Changes made in Version 1.2Only changes made to the set of Process Areas are considered here. For more information about the changes made to Version 1.2, see the Version 1.2 Release Notes or for the definitive list of changes, take the CMMI Version 1.2 Upgrade Training.

The following Process Areas have been removed (all on Maturity Level 3): o Organisational Environment for Integration (OEI)o Integrated Teaming (IT)o Integrated Supplier Management (ISM)

The following additions have been made within existing Process Areas: o IPM – SG3 and SG4 were eliminated, new SG3 was added (as an IPPD addition)o OPD – SG2 was added (as an IPPD addition)o OPF – two SPs were extracted from the old SG3 and combined with two new SPs

to create the new SG3o REQD – SP3.5 was renamed Validate Requirementso SAM – SP2.1 was eliminated, two new SPs added in SG2o TS – SP1.2 was incorporated into RD SP 3.1o VER – SP3.2 was renamed Analyze Verification Results

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