Procedural MemoryProcedural Memory

Psychology 3717Psychology 3717

introductionintroduction

Different than memory for factsDifferent than memory for factsHow do you read?How do you read?How do you do math?How do you do math?How do you stop a puck?How do you stop a puck?Not too easy eh!Not too easy eh!

propertiesproperties

Such memory is implicitSuch memory is implicitThe memory bit shows up because we get The memory bit shows up because we get

better at stuff with practicebetter at stuff with practiceWe don’t know how we do, but we doWe don’t know how we do, but we do I keep getting better at NHL 2005 on my I keep getting better at NHL 2005 on my

xbox, but I don’t know howxbox, but I don’t know how

Implicit memoryImplicit memory

Knowing without rememberingKnowing without rememberingClaperede’s pin prickClaperede’s pin prickDissociable from explicit memoryDissociable from explicit memoryMost amnesiacs show totally normal Most amnesiacs show totally normal

implicit memoryimplicit memory

PrimingPriming

Priming shows up when you get enhanced Priming shows up when you get enhanced identification of a previously seen but now identification of a previously seen but now degraded stimulusdegraded stimulus

The previous experience is NOT necessary to The previous experience is NOT necessary to complete the task, but it helps (it primes)complete the task, but it helps (it primes)

Word fragment completionWord fragment completion Stem completionStem completion Perceptual identificationPerceptual identification Picture fragment completion in pigeonsPicture fragment completion in pigeons

Characteristic of primingCharacteristic of priming

RI has little effectRI has little effectLOP has little effect (but see Challis and LOP has little effect (but see Challis and

Brodbeck, 1992)Brodbeck, 1992)HyperspecificHyperspecificStochastically independent of explicit Stochastically independent of explicit

memorymemory

Implicit learningImplicit learning

People can learn, indeed DO learn other People can learn, indeed DO learn other tasks implicitlytasks implicitly

Artificial grammarsArtificial grammarsCorrelated eventsCorrelated eventsAbstract conceptsAbstract conceptsEvent sequencesEvent sequences

Problem solvingProblem solving

Start state and goal stateStart state and goal stateProblems can be well defined or sort of Problems can be well defined or sort of

fuzzyfuzzyHeuristics and algorithmsHeuristics and algorithmsWe learn these things in many respects, We learn these things in many respects,

implicitlyimplicitly

SupermemorySupermemory

Memory can be improved Memory can be improved View it as a skillView it as a skillThe case of RajanThe case of RajanChess expertsChess expertsAll about chunking it seemsAll about chunking it seems

But how?But how?

Info put into LTM quicklyInfo put into LTM quicklyBetter retrieval techniquesBetter retrieval techniquesGets faster with practiceGets faster with practice

ConclusionsConclusions

Practice practice practicePractice practice practiceTends to be implicitTends to be implicitOften retained even after an injuryOften retained even after an injury