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PROBLEM OF POLLUTION

AND

ITS CONTROL

PRESENTED BY:-

ANKIT GUPTA

MBA 1ST SEM.

ITM - SOM

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INTRODUCTION

The word Pollution has been derived

from the Latin word pollutionem which

means to defile or make dirty .Pollutioncan be defined as an undesirablechange in the physical , chemical orbiological characteristics of air ,water

and soil that may harmfully affect thelife or create a potential health hazardof any living organism.

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POLLUTANTS

The substances that pollute air,water or soil are called pollutants.In other words pollutants are thosewhich cause pollution e.g. dustparticles in the air, carbon dioxide,sulpher dioxide are pollutants.

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TYPES OF POLLUTION

MAIN POLLUTION:

AIR POLLUTION

WATER POLLUTION

SOIL POLLUTION

SOUND POLLUTION

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Air Pollution:

Air is formed by nitrogen, oxygen andcarbon dioxide mixing together in a

certain fixed proportion. If thisproportion increases or decreases itcauses air pollution.

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NATURAL SOURCES

*Dusty winds cause dust particles to mix into the airthereby polluting it.

* Eruption of a volcano brings out smoke whichcontains ash and hot gases. These pollute the air.

* Micro organisms decompose the bodies of deadplants and animals in this process ammonia gas isdischarged which causes air pollution

* Pollen grains let out by plants fly in the air andcause air pollutions.

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Man made Sources:

Houses, factories, and mills,automobiles, industries, nuclear plantsuse of chloro-floro carbon in mining,

smoking, deforestation are thedamaged caused by man. All theseare the causes of air pollution .Hence

they are called man made sources.

CONTROLLING

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CONTROLLING

AIR POLLUTION:

Avoiding the use of cheap fuel.Factories and industrial units should be built farfrom residential areas .Air pollution can beminimized by raising the height of the chimneys of

factories.Person assigned to use chemical /synthetic paintsand sprays should wear masks.

Avoiding smoking.

Fixing of filter/after burner on gas releasing pipesof vehicles.

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WATER POLLUTION

Change in the physical, chemical

and biological characteristics ofwater which adversely affecthuman and other living beingsis called water pollution.

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Control

1. The harmful substances found in industrial waste

should be chemically neutralized before theymerged into sources of water.2. Waste materials like paper, plastic, rotten fruits,

vegetables and food should not be thrown away inthe open.

3. Solid wastes that contain biotic substances shouldnot be thrown into water reservoirs.

4. If oil happens to pollute water sources, the oilishlayer should be removed.

5. People should strictly be made to adhere to theregulations and laws made by the government forthe purpose of controlling water pollution.

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SOIL POLLUTION

Increasing population has affected natural resources.Residential houses, buildings for industrial use arebeing built on large scale .Chemical fertilizers andpesticides are being sprayed on agricultural farms for

obtaining minerals and mining activities are going onat a rapid pace. Our earth is being made unclean bylittering on it chemical and all kinds of other wastematerials. All these poisons substances get dissolved

in the soil and then pollute water .The use ofpesticides bactericides, germicides and chemicalfertilizer in farming activity results in soil pollution.

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LAND PRESERVATION1. Harmful substances of industries cause soil erosion. It is

therefore necessary that industrialization is done on appropriateplaces.

2. Canals built for irrigational purposes help in preventing soilerosion.

3. The help of cyclic alternate farming or cyclic of crops must betaken to preserve the basic structure of land .

4. The least possible use of pesticides should be made .

5. Prevention of the loss of soil due to the flow of water bybuilding dikes and barrages.

6. More and more trees should be planted to prevent soil erosion.7. Urbanization of cultivable land should be prevented.

8. Dependence on natural manure should be increased.

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SOUND POLLUTION

The modern way of living has given birth to a newpollution. It called sound pollution or noisepollution. In the crowded cities the noise ofmotor vehicles and industrial units an the createdby loudspeakers for propaganda and

advertisement is on the increase. This noisedisturbs the peace of our life . The ear friendlymelodious music of the past has now turned in tonoise.The disturbance of noise created in the

environment through different undesirable meansis sound pollution.

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CONTROL

1.Playing the loud speaker, radio,television, stereo etc. in a low volume.

2.Establishing industries far from the

cities.3.Proper maintenance of industrial

machines.

4. Using silencers in vehicle.

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CONCLUSION

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SAVE EARTH

THANKS