PROBLEM BASED LEARNING (PBL)By: Christine Lim Amina Kiluwasha Meysam Moradi

OVERVIEW

Problem-based learning begins in the early 1970s at the medical school at McMaster University in Canada.

OVERVIEW

It is a constructivist approach to learning that challenges students to learn through engagement in a real problem

OVERVIEW

It is based on student-centered learning, and the teacher becomes a facilitator in the learning process.

What is PBL

The learning that results from the process of working towards the understanding of a resolution of a problem    (Barrows, Tamblyn, 1980)

Step 1: Define

the Problem

Step 2: Propose Solution to Solve

the Problem

Step 3: Gather & Evaluate Informati

on

Step 4: Synthesize & Form Solutions

PBL Structure

PBL Structure

1. Clarify the

Problem

2. Analyse the Problem

3. Brainstorming

4. Formulate Learning

Objectives

5. Individual

Study

6. Group Shares Result

7. Identify areas for

improvement

Other models that comes in more

steps. The stages are divided into smaller chunk

How PBL works

Step 1: Define the Problem

Facilitator present problem to student.

Your task today is to

solve…………………

How PBL works

• Clarify the facts of the case

• Define what the problem is.

• Brainstorm ideas based on the prior knowledge.

• Identify what they need to learn to work on the problem

• What they do not know learning issues

Step 2: Propose solution to solve the problem

Student discuss problem in a small group

Lets discuss about….

How PBL works

Step 3: Gather and Evaluate Information

Student engage on independent study

Students will gather information from all sorts of media like from books and websites

Then students will need to evaluate the findings.

How PBL works

Step 4: Synthesize and Form Solutions

Student come back to group and share

How PBL works

FINAL

Student present their solution for the problem.

How PBL works

Review

Students review what they have learnt and compile final report

How to improve this?What are the

problems?

CharacteristicsProblem drives the learning. Using tutorials students define their own

learning issues.Learning is student-centered, and the

teacher becomes a facilitator in the learning process.

Emphasis on the process of students solving a real world problem.

Purpose 1. Developed of high fidelity competency2. Identification of self-analysis3. Clear clinical decision-making4. Problem solve in abnormal

circumstances5. Cultivating an ability 6. Adaptation to work effectively in a

team

Negative Assumption

PBL

Resource

Motivational Issues

Dissent with

andragogy

Legislate rules

Variety of skills

Reliant on smaller group

Timetable and

coordination

Advantage Assumption

PBL

Subject and topic relevance

Synthesis of broad

range

Intrinsic and

extrinsic motivation

Individualized

Learning

Self Evaluation

and Critical

reflectionIntegration

of Knowledge

and practice

Develop Learning

Skills

Solving Issue in

real problem condition

Quiz What type of learning strategy

is PBL? a) Pedagogy b) Andragogyc) Heutagogy

THE END