Pro Spring Boot

Felipe Gutierrez

Pro Spring Boot

Felipe Gutierrez Albuquerque New Mexico, USA

ISBN-13 (pbk): 978-1-4842-1432-9 ISBN-13 (electronic): 978-1-4842-1431-2DOI 10.1007/978-1-4842-1431-2

Library of Congress Control Number: 2016941344

Copyright © 2016 by Felipe Gutierrez

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Managing Director: Welmoed Spahr Lead Editor: Steve AnglinTechnical Reviewer: Manuel Jordan EleraEditorial Board: Steve Anglin, Pramila Balan, Louise Corrigan, Jonathan Gennick, Robert Hutchinson,

Celestin Suresh John, Michelle Lowman, James Markham, Susan McDermott, Matthew Moodie, Douglas Pundick, Ben Renow-Clarke, Gwenan Spearing

Coordinating Editor: Mark PowersCopy Editor: Kezia EndsleyCompositor: SPi GlobalIndexer: SPi GlobalArtist: SPi Global

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Printed on acid-free paper

To my wife, Norma Castaneda.

v

Contents at a Glance

About the Author ................................................................................................... xiii

About the Technical Reviewer .................................................................................xv

Acknowledgments .................................................................................................xvii

■Chapter 1: Introduction to Spring Boot .................................................................. 1

■Chapter 2: Your First Spring Boot Application ....................................................... 9

■Chapter 3: Spring Boot Auto-Confi guration, Features, and More ........................ 43

■Chapter 4: Spring Boot CLI .................................................................................. 73

■Chapter 5: Spring with Spring Boot ..................................................................... 89

■Chapter 6: Testing with Spring Boot .................................................................. 107

■Chapter 7: Data Access with Spring Boot .......................................................... 121

■Chapter 8: Web Development with Spring Boot ................................................. 149

■Chapter 9: Security with Spring Boot ................................................................ 177

■Chapter 10: Messaging with Spring Boot .......................................................... 211

■Chapter 11: Spring Boot Actuator ..................................................................... 245

■Chapter 12: Deploying Spring Boot ................................................................... 283

■Chapter 13: Spring Boot in the Cloud ................................................................ 307

■Chapter 14: Extending Spring Boot Apps .......................................................... 335

■Appendix: Spring Boot 1.4.x .............................................................................. 357

Index ..................................................................................................................... 361

vii

Contents

About the Author ................................................................................................... xiii

About the Technical Reviewer .................................................................................xv

Acknowledgments .................................................................................................xvii

■Chapter 1: Introduction to Spring Boot .................................................................. 1

Spring Boot ....................................................................................................................... 1

Spring Applications ................................................................................................................................. 2

Spring Boot to the Rescue ...................................................................................................................... 3

Why Spring Boot? ................................................................................................................................... 6

Spring Boot Features .............................................................................................................................. 6

Summary .......................................................................................................................... 7

■Chapter 2: Your First Spring Boot Application ....................................................... 9

Installing Spring Boot CLI ................................................................................................. 9

UNIX OSs: Linux, OS X, and Solaris ......................................................................................................... 9

Windows OS.......................................................................................................................................... 11

Spring Boot with Maven and Gradle ............................................................................... 13

Using Maven ......................................................................................................................................... 13

Using Gradle ......................................................................................................................................... 14

Spring Boot Using External Tools.................................................................................... 16

Spring Boot Using the Spring Initializr .................................................................................................. 16

Using the Spring Initializr with UNIX cURL ............................................................................................ 18

Spring Boot Using Spring Tool Suite (STS) ............................................................................................ 19

■ CONTENTS

viii

Your First Spring Boot Application .................................................................................. 24

Spring Boot Journal .............................................................................................................................. 24

How Spring Boot Works ........................................................................................................................ 39

Summary ........................................................................................................................ 41

■Chapter 3: Spring Boot Auto-Confi guration, Features, and More ........................ 43

Auto-Confi guration ......................................................................................................... 43

Disabling a Specifi c Auto-Confi guration ............................................................................................... 45

@EnableAutoConfi guration and @Enable<Technology> Annotations ............................ 47

Spring Boot Features ...................................................................................................... 49

SpringApplication Class ........................................................................................................................ 51

SpringApplicationBuilder ...................................................................................................................... 56

Application Arguments ......................................................................................................................... 58

ApplicationRunner and CommandLineRunner ...................................................................................... 60

Application Confi guration ............................................................................................... 62

Confi guration Properties Examples ...................................................................................................... 63

Custom Properties Prefi x ...................................................................................................................... 69

Summary ........................................................................................................................ 72

■Chapter 4: Spring Boot CLI .................................................................................. 73

Spring Boot CLI ............................................................................................................... 73

The run Command ................................................................................................................................ 74

The test Command ............................................................................................................................... 76

The grab Command .............................................................................................................................. 78

The jar Command ................................................................................................................................. 79

The war Command ............................................................................................................................... 80

The install Command ............................................................................................................................ 81

The uninstall Command ........................................................................................................................ 81

The init Command ................................................................................................................................ 82

The shell Command .............................................................................................................................. 85

The help Command ............................................................................................................................... 86

Summary ........................................................................................................................ 87

■ CONTENTS

ix

■Chapter 5: Spring with Spring Boot ..................................................................... 89

Spring Web Applications ................................................................................................. 89

J2EE Web Applications ......................................................................................................................... 89

Spring MVC Applications....................................................................................................................... 93

Spring Boot Web Applications ............................................................................................................... 98

Using Spring with Spring Boot ..................................................................................... 101

XML with Spring Boot ......................................................................................................................... 101

Groovy Beans in Spring Boot .............................................................................................................. 102

Standalone Spring Apps vs. Spring Boot Apps .................................................................................. 103

Using Spring Technologies in Spring Boot .................................................................... 104

Summary ...................................................................................................................... 105

■Chapter 6: Testing with Spring Boot .................................................................. 107

Testing Spring Boot ...................................................................................................... 107

Web Testing .................................................................................................................. 109

Summary ...................................................................................................................... 120

■Chapter 7: Data Access with Spring Boot .......................................................... 121

SQL Databases ............................................................................................................. 121

Data Access Using the JDBC Template with Spring Boot ................................................................... 122

Data Access Using JPA with Spring Boot............................................................................................ 131

NoSQL Databases ......................................................................................................... 140

Summary ...................................................................................................................... 147

■Chapter 8: Web Development with Spring Boot ................................................. 149

Spring MVC ................................................................................................................... 149

Spring Boot Web Applications ...................................................................................... 150

Playing with the HAL Browser ...................................................................................... 171

Summary ...................................................................................................................... 175

■ CONTENTS

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■Chapter 9: Security with Spring Boot ................................................................ 177

Simple Security for Spring Boot ................................................................................... 177

Security Using the application.properties File .................................................................................... 181

In-Memory Security ............................................................................................................................ 182

Security Using a Database .................................................................................................................. 183

Securing Resources ............................................................................................................................ 186

Spring Boot with OAuth2 .............................................................................................. 199

Summary ...................................................................................................................... 209

■Chapter 10: Messaging with Spring Boot .......................................................... 211

What Is Messaging? ..................................................................................................... 211

JMS with Spring Boot ................................................................................................... 211

A Simpler JMS Consumer ................................................................................................................... 217

Connect to Remote JMS Server .......................................................................................................... 221

RabbitMQ with Spring Boot .......................................................................................... 221

Installing RabbitMQ ............................................................................................................................ 221

RabbitMQ/AMQP: Exchanges, Bindings, and Queues .......................................................................... 221

Remote RabbitMQ ............................................................................................................................... 231

Redis Messaging with Spring Boot .............................................................................. 231

Installing Redis ................................................................................................................................... 231

Remote Redis ..................................................................................................................................... 237

WebSockets with Spring Boot ...................................................................................... 237

Summary ...................................................................................................................... 244

■Chapter 11: Spring Boot Actuator ..................................................................... 245

Spring Boot Actuator .................................................................................................... 245

/actuator ............................................................................................................................................. 248

/autoconfi g ......................................................................................................................................... 249

/beans ................................................................................................................................................. 250

/confi gprops ....................................................................................................................................... 251

/docs ................................................................................................................................................... 252

/dump ................................................................................................................................................. 253

■ CONTENTS

xi

/env ..................................................................................................................................................... 254

/fl yway ................................................................................................................................................ 255

/health ................................................................................................................................................ 261

/info .................................................................................................................................................... 262

/liquibase ............................................................................................................................................ 263

/logfi le................................................................................................................................................. 268

/metrics .............................................................................................................................................. 270

/mappings ........................................................................................................................................... 272

/shutdown ........................................................................................................................................... 273

/trace .................................................................................................................................................. 274

Sensitive Endpoints ...................................................................................................... 275

Changing the Endpoint ID ............................................................................................. 276

Actuator CORS Support ................................................................................................ 276

Changing the Management Endpoints Path ................................................................. 276

Using Spring Boot Actuator in a Non-Web Application ................................................. 277

Summary ...................................................................................................................... 281

■Chapter 12: Deploying Spring Boot ................................................................... 283

Setting Up the Spring Boot Journal App ....................................................................... 283

Creating the SSL Self-Signed Keystore .............................................................................................. 289

Testing SSL ................................................................................................................... 290

Creating Executable JARs ............................................................................................ 293

The Java Way ...................................................................................................................................... 294

The Spring Boot Way .......................................................................................................................... 294

Creating Executable and Deployable WARs .................................................................. 295

Deploying to a Tomcat-Based Server ................................................................................................. 298

Activating Profi les ............................................................................................................................... 299

Creating Spring Boot Apps as a Service ....................................................................... 301

Spring Boot Apps as Windows Service ............................................................................................... 302

Spring Boot with Docker .............................................................................................. 303

Summary ...................................................................................................................... 306

■ CONTENTS

xii

■Chapter 13: Spring Boot in the Cloud ................................................................ 307

The Cloud and Cloud-Native Architectures ................................................................... 307

Twelve-Factor Applications .......................................................................................... 308

Microservices ............................................................................................................... 309

Preparing the Spring Boot Journal App as Microservice .................................................................... 309

Cloud Foundry .............................................................................................................. 311

Cloud Foundry .................................................................................................................................... 312

Pivotal Cloud Foundry Features .......................................................................................................... 312

Cloud Foundry CLI - Command Line Interface .................................................................................... 313

Development Enviroment - PCFDev .................................................................................................... 313

Pivotal Cloud Foundry .................................................................................................. 322

Deploying to Pivotal Web Services ..................................................................................................... 325

Summary ...................................................................................................................... 333

■Chapter 14: Extending Spring Boot Apps .......................................................... 335

Custom Spring Boot Module ......................................................................................... 335

The spring-boot-journal Project ......................................................................................................... 335

The journal-spring-boot-starter Project ............................................................................................. 337

The journal-spring-boot-autoconfi gure Project .................................................................................. 339

Package and Install the Journal Project ............................................................................................. 346

The spring-boot-calendar Project ....................................................................................................... 348

Custom Health Indicator ............................................................................................... 353

Summary ...................................................................................................................... 356

■Appendix: Spring Boot 1.4.x .............................................................................. 357

Spring Boot 1.4.X Release Notes .................................................................................. 357

Upgrading from Spring Boot 1.3 ......................................................................................................... 357

New and Noteworthy .......................................................................................................................... 359

Index ..................................................................................................................... 361

xiii

About the Author

Felipe Gutierrez is a solutions software architect, with bachelor’s and master’s degrees in computer science from Instituto Tecnologico y de Estudios Superiores de Monterrey Campus Ciudad de Mexico. Gutierrez has over 20 years of IT experience, during which time he developed programs for companies in multiple vertical industries, including government, retail, healthcare, education, and banking. He currently works as a principal technical instructor for Pivotal, specializing in Cloud Foundry, Spring Framework, Spring Cloud Native Applications, Groovy, and RabbitMQ, among other technologies. He has worked as a solutions architect for big companies like Nokia, Apple, Redbox, and Qualcomm, among others. He is also the author of the Apress title Introducing Spring Framework .

xv

About the Technical Reviewer

Manuel Jordan Elera is an autodidactic developer and researcher who enjoys learning new technologies for his own experiments and creating new integrations.

Manuel won the 2010 Springy Award—Community Champion and Spring Champion 2013. In his little free time, he reads the Bible and composes music on his guitar. Manuel is known as dr_pompeii . He has tech reviewed numerous books for Apress, including Pro Spring, 4th Edition (2014), Practical Spring LDAP (2013), Pro JPA 2, Second Edition (2013), and Pro Spring Security (2013).

Read his 13 detailed tutorials about many Spring technologies and contact him through his blog at http://www.manueljordanelera.blogspot.com or follow him on his Twitter account at @dr_pompeii .

xvii

Acknowledgments

I would like to express all my gratitude to the Apress team—to Steve Anglin for accepting my proposal; to Mark Powers for keeping me on track and for his patience with me; to Matthew Moodie and the rest of the Apress team involved in this project. Thanks to everybody for making this possible.

Thanks to my technical reviewer, Manuel Jordan, for all the details and effort in his reviews, and the entire Spring Boot team for creating this amazing technology.

Thanks to my parents, Rocio Cruz and Felipe Gutierrez, for all their love and support. Thanks to my brother Edgar Gerardo Gutierrez. Special thanks to my girls who keep me on track: Norma, Nayely my “Flaca,” and Ximena my “Gallito”. I love you girls!

—Felipe Gutierrez