PRLC Armstrong Biogas FLHS Spr08
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Transcript of PRLC Armstrong Biogas FLHS Spr08
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8/17/2019 PRLC Armstrong Biogas FLHS Spr08
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BiogasAlix Simnock
Brooke Myones
Carrie SenftDan Cohn
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What is Biogas?
• Clean, efcientsource o renewableenergy (1)
• Made rom organic
waste• roduces methane• !naerobic digestion (")
• #e$laces non%
renewable energy• &igested in an
airtight container
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Why 'ae a Biogas&igester?
• #e$laces ossil uels andother sources ononrenewable energy
• im$le, cost e*ectiedesigns
• 'ighly aailable uelsu$$ly
• Better usage o manure
% no longer $olluting water
% no longer being burnt
• aes money
• &ecrease greenhouse gasemissions
• roduces organic ertili+er
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'ow &oes it Wor?
• Manure mi-ed with water to create
slurry
• lurry is $ut into airtight digester
• !naerobic decom$osition
• Methane created and collected
• ./uent $roduced and remoed(1)
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Water, Excreta,
Organic Material,
Biodegradable
Waste
Hydrolysis,
Fermentation,
Acetogenesis,
Dehydrogenization,
Methanogenesis
MethaneCO2
Amonio
H2SBiogas
Anaerobic EnvironmentAnaerobic Environment
Water with 80-90%
less contaminants,
Organic Fertilizer
O2
Graphic courtesy of Raul Botero
ENE!"
+
(3)
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0echnical #euirements orBiodigestor
$'
0em$erature (2)
0ime
#atio o water to waste#atio o carbon to nitrogen (3)
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Fats and !rease
Food #rocessing Waste
$%ltivation Waste
Whey &'itho%t salt(
Man%re
Biomasselative Biogas #rod%ction
(3)
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./uent
• 4ertili+er (5)• 6nly 789 $athogen
ree
• ulabh ./uent 0reatment
%sedimentation
%:ltration
%;< radiation (=)
• 0ila$ia $ond (>)
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Digester
Inuen
t
Digester
Euen
t
Percente!uctio
n
"SEPA
#imit
CII"$
#imitC%D
&mg'#( )*+, -.) ,-/01 0)2 233
B%D&mg'#( -+. *+/) .*/-1 )2 )33
4SS&mg'#( ))3* 50* ,2/+1 52 )33
4ur6i!ity &74"( 0,0, 0.) *3/21 23
487&mg'#( 53+ 0++ -2/.1 02 23
79-:7
&mg'#( -+/0 ,)/)
-5/*1Increas
e )
P% :P05/+1Increas
(3)
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crubber
• '" % hydrogen sul:de Corrosie to metal $arts o generator
Com$onent o biogas
• teel wool scrubber(7)
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Where 'as it Been ;sed?
M!@@ C!@. &A.0.#
18,888,888 in China
3,888,888 in Andia28,888 in Cambodia
3,888 in
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As it uccessul?
• China EesF 'el$edwith energyshortage $roblem(18)
• Costa #ica EesFBig in rural areas(1)
• Middle .ast EesF'el$ed im$roe
health and saetyconditions (5)
• Most successul inrural areas
i d l hi i d
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&esignsGModels China 4i-ed&ome
()
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&esignGModel Andia 4loatingCoer
Mi!in"
#it
$nlet #ipe
Gas Outlet
%loatin"
Gas Co&er
#artition
'all
%lui e&el
Outlet #it
Slurry
(2)
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&esignsGModels% anta 4eWomenHs rou$ Costa #ica
• 'alting deorestation
• ;se o cow manure
• roduces energy or
cooing• 1I7 meters dee$
J1I3 meters wide J Dmeters long
biodigester• "1 ratio o water to
manure (1)
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Calculations188 goatsK and 13 $eo$leKs waste can $roduce
18 mD o biogas ( D )
1 W generator can run on 3I52 m
D
o biogas or1" hours $er day
5 W generator DDI>2 mD or 1" hoursGday
(DDI>2 mD) J (1 G I2 mDGg biomass) L >2I5 ghorse manure
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Calculations (continued)D8 ydD dum$ster :lled to ca$acity 1%" times $er
wee
(D8 ydD) J ("= tDGydD) L >18 tDGdum$ster
(>18 tDGdum$ster) J (33 lbsGtD dry manure) L 22338lbs manureGdum$ster
(22338 lbsGdum$ster) J (1 g G "I" lbs) L "8"38gGdum$ster
("8"38 gGdum$ster) J (1 G >2I5 gGday) L
"D7ID5 daysGdum$ster
(3)
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Calculations (continued)
D8 ydD dum$ster :lled to ca$acity (1 $ullN) 1%"
times $er wee
Barn $ays or hauler $er month, based on number ostalls% estimated O38%O=3 dollarsGstall, or "> stalls
(1288 OGmonth) J (1 G > $ulls $er month) L O1=3G$ull
("188 OGmonth) J (1 G 2 $ulls $er month) L O3"3G$ull
.ach $ull costs the barn between O1=3 and O3"3I
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6ur #ecommendation
Biogas L yes
%Carbon neutral, renewable uel
%no net increase in atmos$heric greenhouse gas
Considerations%0ime %@abor%Construction cost %Waste dis$osal
%4uel source %0em$erature and $'
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#eerences1 "Biodigester Design & Construction: Understanding the Basics of a Biodigester." Rural Costa Rica. 2007.
Rural Costa Rica. 5 Jun 2008 .
2 “3.1.2. Biogas.” Sustainable Energy Technologies Solutions for Poverty Reduction in South Asia. Inforse-Asia: The International Network for Sustainable Energy..
3 Arnow, Josh. "bio gas." E-mail to Alix Simnock. 28 May 2005.
4 “Biogas Digesters.” Household Energy Options. Energy for Sustainable Development (ESD) Limited. 3 June2008 .
5 “The biogas plant-some technical considerations.” Bioconversion of Organic Residues for RuralCommunities. 1979. The United Nations University. 31 May 2008.
6 Nagamani , B., and K. Ramasamy. "Biogas production technology: An Indian perspective." Indian Academyof Sciences. Indian Academy of Sciences. 5 Jun 2008 .
7 Jha, P. K.. "Recycling and reuse of human excreta from public toilets through biogas generation to improvesanitation, community health and environment." United Nations Asian and Pacific Center for AgriculturalEngineering and Machinery. United Nations Asian and Pacific Center for Agricultural Engineering andMachinery. 5 Jun 2008 .
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#eerences (continued)8 Todd, John. "T H E E C O - M A C H I N E: Design and Construction." Todd Ecological, Inc. - Solutions
For Water Planning and Management. 2007. Todd Ecological Design, Inc.. 8 Jun 2008
.
9 “Biogas Scrubbing System (Eliminating Corrosive Hydrogen Sulfide Gas).” Energy Farms Network:Reliable Renewable Energy for a Post Carbon World. 2006. Post Carbon Institute. 3 June 2008.
10 "Sichuan's Home-Scalae Biogas Digesters". Mother Earth News. 6/5/08.
11 "Current Project: Small-Scale Biogas in La Florida". Appropriate Infrastructure Delegate Group. 6/5/08.
12 Beckmann, Curt. "Home biogas system (original)." Appropedia. MediaWiki. 5 Jun 2008.
13 Jokela, Bill. “Manure Spreader Calibration.” University of Vermont Extension. 9 June 2008