Privacy and Education in the Internet Age

Cliff LandisHonors Freshman Seminar

Fall 2013

Cliff gets a phone call…

FERPA to the rescue!

http://www.ed.gov/policy/gen/guid/fpco/ferpa/index.html

You only have the rights that you know you have and that you know how to use and enforce.

Who is this guy?

• Web Services Librarian @ Georgia State University

• Author, A Social Networking Primer for Librarians (2010)

• Researcher on the intersection of human culture and technology

THE SLIDING SCALE: PRIVACY VS CONVENIENCE

PRIVACY

What do we mean by privacy?

http://thosecrazyliberals.com/wp-content/uploads/2013/06/fourthamendment.jpg

Mr. Otis regrets… general warrants

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:James_Otis.jpg

Supreme Court Justice Louis Brandeis

“the right to be let alone”Harvard Law Review Dec. 15, 1890, on "The Right to Privacy."

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Brandeisl.jpg

USA PATRIOT Act• Uniting (and) Strengthening America (by) Providing Appropriate

Tools Required (to) Intercept (and) Obstruct Terrorism Act of 2001.• Includes:

– Title I: Enhancing domestic security against terrorism– Title II: Surveillance procedures– Title III: Anti-money-laundering to prevent terrorism– Title IV: Border security– Title V: Removing obstacles to investigating terrorism– Title VI: Victims and families of victims of terrorism– Title VII: Increased information sharing for critical infrastructure

protection– Title VIII: Terrorism criminal law– Title IX: Improved Intelligence– Title X: Miscellaneous

USA PATRIOT Act• Criticisms Include:

– authorization of indefinite detentions of immigrants; – the permission given law enforcement officers to search a home or

business without the owner’s or the occupant’s consent or knowledge; – the expanded use of National Security Letters, which allows the Federal

Bureau of Investigation (FBI) to search telephone, e-mail, and financial records without a court order; and

– the expanded access of law enforcement agencies to business records, including library and financial records

• On May 26, 2011, President Barack Obama signed the PATRIOT Sunsets Extension Act of 2011, a four-year extension of three key provisions in the USA PATRIOT Act: roving wiretaps, searches of business records (the "library records provision"), and conducting surveillance of "lone wolves"—individuals suspected of terrorist-related activities not linked to terrorist groups

BIG DATA

The Stacks

• “In 2012 it made less and less sense to talk about “the Internet,” “the PC business,” “telephones,” “Silicon Valley,” or “the media,” and much more sense to just study Google, Apple, Facebook, Amazon and Microsoft. These big five American vertically organized silos are re-making the world in their image.”

-- Bruce Sterling

http://images.smh.com.au/2010/05/14/1450513/zuckerberg420-420x0.jpg

http://i.huffpost.com/gen/161782/FACEBOOK-PRIVACY.jpg

http://allfacebook.com/infographic-the-history-of-facebooks-privacy-changes_b116292

http://allfacebook.com/infographic-the-history-of-facebooks-privacy-changes_b116292

Another story…

http://casketglass.com/

http://i.i.cbsi.com/cnwk.1d/i/tim/2012/07/19/Harris_III_privacy_charts__final_7.17.12_Slide_1_Grocery,_Amazon,_more_trusted_than_FB_610x452.jpg

How many of you own an e-book that you purchased from Amazon.com?

BIG EDUCATION

Learning Analytics

http://public.tableausoftware.com/static/images/Te/TestScoresOverTime/School-LevelEvaluation/1_rss.png

Who enforces privacy?

WASHINGTON - February 1, 2010 -- The U.S. Education Department has fired the top federal official charged with protecting student privacy, in what the dismissed official says was a conflict with the agency's political leaders over their zeal to encourage the collection of data about students' academic performance.

http://www.insidehighered.com/news/2010/02/01/ferpa

Risky cloud computing• Unsuitable Privacy Policies: "Cloud providers may deliberately or

inadvertently force schools to accept policies or terms of service that authorize user profiling and online behavioral advertising."

• Poor Consent Policies: "Some cloud privacy policies...stipulate that individual data subjects (students) are also bound by these policies, even when these subjects have not had the opportunity to grant or withhold their consent."

• Commercial Data Mining: "It may be difficult for the cloud provider to turn off [ad-supported user profiling features and tracking algorithms] even when ads are not being served."

• Shady Contracts: "Some cloud providers leave the door open to future imposition of online advertising as a condition for allowing schools to continue receiving cloud services for free."

http://blogs.edweek.org/edweek/DigitalEducation/2013/09/cloud_computing_jeopardizes_st.html

All it takes is one person

http://static.guim.co.uk/sys-images/Guardian/Pix/pictures/2013/6/23/1372015020195/Edward-Snowden-008.jpg

SURVEILLANCE

Surveillance

monitoring of the behavior, activities, or other changing information, usually of people for the purpose of influencing, managing, directing, or protecting them

Lyon, David. 2007. Surveillance Studies: An Overview. Cambridge: Polity Press.

http://crapaganda.com/wp-content/uploads/2012/11/surveillance_big.gif

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=QGxNyaXfJsA

Robbins v. Lower Merion School District

http://media.nbcphiladelphia.com/images/722*542/Webcamgate-photo.jpg

Sousveillance

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:SurveillanceSousveillanceLifeGloggingMannSensecamMemoto.jpg

THE INTERNET

Privacy concerns are growing• The study reported that privacy concerns among Americans are

on the rise, with 50 per cent of internet users saying they are worried about the information available about them online, up from 33 per cent in 2009.

• Meanwhile, 86 per cent of people surveyed have tried at least one technique to hide their activity online or avoid being tracked, such as clearing cookies or their browser history or using encryption.

• While trying to avoid snooping - at least in some circumstances - is now commonplace, people cite varying reasons for doing so. About one-third said they had tried to conceal their activity from hackers or criminals, while 28 per cent have tried to block advertisers. Others said they wanted to keep information private from family members or spouses, employers or the government.

http://www.theaustralian.com.au/higher-education/us-study-exposes-internet-privacy-fears/story-e6frgcjx-1226712002951

http://xkcd.com/1269/

Anonymity Online

http://peterblogs.de/wp-content/uploads/2013/05/VPN-Lock.png

http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/15/Tor-logo-2011-flat.svg/306px-Tor-logo-2011-flat.svg.png

https://drupal.org/files/project-images/proxy.png

THE SLIDING SCALE: PRIVACY VS CONVENIENCE

http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-Z9ZRKB-gihM/TXv0-_EsIGI/AAAAAAAAAPI/yRfPpubDBWE/s1600/convenience_vs_privacy_tension.jpg

CONTROLLING YOUR PRIVACY

Chose what you show the world

http://www.flickr.com/photos/95572727@N00/216941152

Multiple accounts

http://www.iatsmartdial.com/wp-content/uploads/2012/10/Clones.jpg

Know your audience

http://www.flickr.com/photos/71214885@N00/2093047797

If you tell it to one other person, it is no longer private

http://www.flickr.com/photos/20722444@N00/224674200

Manage your privacy settings

http://www.flickr.com/photos/47691521@N07/4638981545

Watch out for changes to the TOShttp://www.tosback.org/timeline.php

http://tosdr.org/

Stalk yourself

For the truly paranoid…

http://www.magnet.fsu.edu/education/tutorials/tools/images/faradaycage.gif