Princeton UniversityHonors Faculty Members Receiving Emeritus Status

May 2010

The biographical sketches were written by colleagues in the departments of those honored.

Copyright © 2010 by The Trustees of Princeton University

10747-10

Contents

Faculty Members Receiving Emeritus Status

Jeanne Altmann 1

David Perkins Billington 5

Patricia Fortini Brown 9

William A. P. Childs 11

Perry Raymond Cook 13

Slobodan Ćurčić 15

Arcadio Díaz-Quiñones 17

Gerard Charles Dismukes 20

Avinash Kamalakar Dixit 22

Emmet William Gowin 25

Ze’eva Cohen (Ludwig) 27

Janet Marion Martin 29

Anne Marie Treisman 31

Daniel Chee Tsui 35

James Wei 37

Froma I. Zeitlin 39

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Jeanne Altmann

Behavioral ecologist Jeanne Altmann, the Eugene Higgins Professor of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, was born in New York City in 1940 and raised in the Maryland suburbs of Washington D.C. She received her bachelor’s degree in mathematics from the University of Alberta in Canada, where she and her zoologist husband Stuart started a family. Joining Stuart for a year of fieldwork in southern Kenya in 1963 provided Jeanne with an introduction to nonhuman primates and their savannah environment, which would later become a focus of her methodological and empirical research. Following a move from Canada to Atlanta in 1965, Jeanne developed and taught a remedial mathematics program for the local school system and received a master of arts in teaching degree in mathematics from Emory University. With the family’s relocation to Chicago, Jeanne turned her professional endeavors toward integrating her quantitative background with behavioral biology by addressing methodological issues in non-experimental research design for observational research. This culminated in a 1974 publication, Observational Study of Behavior: Sampling Methods, which soon became an Institute for Scientific Information citation classic in several categories and remains a standard for animal behavior research.

This project, which coincided with her younger child’s entry into school, also helped Jeanne decide to enter a Ph.D. program that would suit her growing multidisciplinary interests in behavioral ecology and research methodology. She received her Ph.D. in human development from the University of Chicago in 1979. Her thesis was published by Harvard University Press the next year as Baboon Mothers and Infants. Jeanne’s thesis research on the ecology of motherhood focused on the allocation challenges faced by simultaneous investment in survival, maintenance, and reproduction in non-seasonal breeders with high offspring investment in slowly maturing young. The study reinforced her

original idea that studying mothers and infants was not the “cute,” soft female topic that it was then considered in biology. Rather, this life stage is a situation of particularly great opportunity for selection, especially so in challenging environments such as the arid African savannahs. She was further intrigued by the extent to which the social environments of mothers enhanced or hindered their ability to succeed in negotiating this perilous period. Equally striking was the great degree to which parents and offspring were dependent on each other for success. Although the interests of parents and offspring were not identical, their ability to find creative, mutually beneficial solutions to potential conflicts of interest seemed at the core of success in the primate lineage, perhaps a major factor in evolution of human ontogeny and sociality. In the past several decades, these issues and approaches have remained salient for Jeanne’s investigations. Like the changes in observational field methodology that she introduced, her emphasis on ontogeny and on female life histories moved from radical outsider status to accepted and expected.

Both non-invasive methodology and life history variability have remained major themes of Jeanne’s research. Intimately connected to these themes was her development of the Amboseli Baboon Research Project into one of the most intensive, longstanding, and ongoing studies of any wild population of large mammals in the world. Now completing its 39th year, the project database currently represents more than seven generations of individually known animals. In the mid-1980’s, Jeanne joined both the newly established research and conservation department at Brookfield Zoo and the faculty in ecology and evolution at the University of Chicago. She subsequently served as chair of the Committee on Evolutionary Biology, a graduate training and faculty program that spanned across the university and several major scientific institutions.

As the Amboseli field project approached almost two decades in the late 1980’s, three new areas gained saliency, all of which called for development of new non-invasive methodologies. These areas were intertwined with an understanding of life history variability in natural environments, including a rapidly changing climate and environment in Amboseli; the role of physiology in life-history variability and

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in adaptation to environmental variability; and the importance, for understanding survival and reproduction, of genetic relatedness through paternal as well as maternal lines. To tackle these issues, Jeanne established in 1989 several collaborations and developed new techniques to get “under the skin” with minimally or non-invasive methodologies. Initial investigations produced a number of novel papers throughout the 1990’s that just scratched the surface and provided compelling motivation to continue studies of steroid hormones and behavior and of molecular ecology, and to do so in the context of climate change. However, to answer the next set of questions required genetic samples from individuals who could only be accessed by fully non-invasive techniques such as fecal sampling. Fortunately, a few research groups around the world were starting to validate fecal steroid methods in primates and to advance use of fecal sources of DNA. In 1998, Jeanne joined Princeton’s Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology and established a steroid hormone lab in which such techniques could be expanded and validated, complementing a molecular ecology lab that her primary collaborator, Susan Alberts, had established at Duke University.

Once at Princeton, Jeanne continued to explore which patterns and aspects of primate lives are relatively stable, exhibit little variance across time and space, even across individuals in some cases, and conversely, which aspects are highly age-dependent, contingent on ecological and social factors, and on genetic differences. The themes of survival, reproduction, care, the importance of ecological and social context, parental effects, ontogeny, demography, and the relationship between demographic structure and both genetic relatedness and social structure, were all topics of study in the first decade of the baboon project, and all were ones for which as many questions remained as were answered. They increasingly interwove with each other and continued or re-emerged in exciting directions with the help of new methodologies, diverse collaborations, and changing developments in the fields of ecology, evolution, and behavior.

Elected to the U.S. National Academy of Sciences in 2003, Jeanne also has received a range of broad and disciplinary scientific honors. She

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has served on a number of national and international scientific advisory committees, was editor of the top international journal in animal behavior for a number of years, and has served as associate editor for a variety of major journals in fields including evolution, behavior, primatology, and endocrinology.

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David Perkins Billington

David Billington was born in Bryn Mawr, Pennsylvania, in 1927. He graduated from Princeton University in 1950 with a degree in basic engineering. He then won a Fulbright Fellowship and spent two years in Belgium to study post-war innovations in bridge and pre-stressed concrete structural design. In 1951, he married Phyllis Bergquist, also on a Fulbright Fellowship, who was studying the piano in Brussels. In 1952, David started working for Roberts and Schaeffer Company, consulting engineers in New York City, where he spent eight years as a structural engineer and designer of bridges, aircraft hangars, piers, thin-shell tanks, and missile-launch facilities. In 1958, he was chosen to be a member of a six-man delegation to the Soviet Union to observe concrete construction. In the same year, while he was still working in New York, David started to teach a course on structural engineering at Princeton as a visiting lecturer. He was a lecturer for two years before officially joining the faculty in 1960. He has remained on the Princeton faculty ever since and was named the Gordon Y. S. Wu Professor of Engineering in 1996. In 1966, he was visiting professor at the Technical University of Delft in the Netherlands. He was a visitor to the School of Historical Studies at the Institute for Advanced Study in Princeton from 1974–75 and 1977–79. In 1984–85, he was a Phi Beta Kappa Visiting Scholar, the first engineer in the 30-year history of the program.

David has won many prestigious awards and honors. He received the Society for the History of Technology’s Dexter Prize for the best book in 1979 for Robert Maillart’s Bridges. In 1985, he was elected to the Executive Council of the Society for the History of Technology. In 1986, he was elected to the National Academy of Engineering, and that year he also received the History and Heritage Award from the American Society of Civil Engineers. David served as an Andrew D. White Professor-at-large at Cornell University from 1987–1993. In 1990, he received the

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Dana Award for Pioneering Achievements in Education. The Carnegie Foundation for the Advancement of Teaching named him New Jersey Professor of the Year in 1995 and he was named one of five top educators in civil engineering since 1874 by the Engineering News Record in 1999.

He and Professor Jameson Doig, a professor of politics and public affairs, shared the 1995 Abbot Payson Usher Prize, which recognizes the author of the best scholarly work published during the preceding three years under the auspices of the Society for the History of Technology. This award was for their co-authored paper, “Ammann’s First Bridge: A Study of Engineering Politics and Entrepreneurial Behavior,” which has been described as a masterful example of the value of a collaborative and interdisciplinary approach to the history of technology. In 1998, David was elected fellow of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences. In 1999, he was elected honorary member of the American Society of Civil Engineers. David holds honorary degrees from Union College (1990), Grinnell College (1991), and the University of Notre Dame (1997). He was the 2003 recipient of the Director’s Award for Distinguished Teaching Scholars, which is the highest honor bestowed by the National Science Foundation for excellence in both teaching and research in science, mathematics, engineering, and technology. In 2006, David was named the Walter L. Robb Senior Engineering Education Fellow of the National Academy of Engineering and in 2008 he was awarded the Distinguished Award of Merit from the American Council of Engineering Companies.

During his first decade on the Princeton faculty, David focused his teaching and scholarship on the theory and design of shell structures, leading to his first book, Thin Shell Concrete Structures (1965). He would later become chair of the American Concrete Institute-American Society of Civil Engineers Joint Committee on concrete thin-shell design and construction. In this first decade he worked closely with Professor Robert Mark. From 1971 to 1983 he worked with the Princeton University Art Museum, eventually curating five exhibits. He introduced the new course CEE 262 “Structures in the Urban Environment,” and published two books: Robert Maillart’s Bridges (1979) and The Tower and the Bridge: The New Art of Structural Engineering (1983). He also worked closely

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then with Professor John Abel on the largest thin-shell structures being built, used for natural draft cooling towers. It was in this period that he discovered that structural design was a new art form, parallel to but independent from architecture. Describing this thesis, he would later publish two further books, Robert Maillart and the Art of Reinforced Concrete (1990) and Robert Maillart: Builder, Designer, Artist (1997).

Beginning in 1984, David developed a new course, CEE 102 “Engineering in the Modern World,” which centered on radical engineering innovations that have transformed America since the Industrial Revolution. The teaching led, in 1996, to a first book on American innovators, The Innovators: The Engineering Pioneers Who Made America Modern (1996). He started at this time to work closely with Professor Doig who later became chair of the Princeton politics department; twice the two gave a seminar in the American studies program on engineering and politics. David pursued this subject further with Professor Donald Jackson, professor of history at Lafayette College, with whom he wrote Big Dams of the New Deal Era: A Confluence of Engineering and Politics (2006).

In the mid-1990’s, David began to work closely with Professor Michael Littman, who developed the lab science part for both 262B and 102B. David wrote a book for CEE 262, The Art of Structural Design: A Swiss Legacy (2003), which went together with a new art museum exhibition by the same name; it traveled within the United States and to Toronto and Zurich.

In 2006, a second major book for the 102 course, Power, Speed, and Form: Engineers and the Making of the Twentieth Century (2006), appeared. It was followed in 2008 by David’s 10th book, Felix Candela: Engineer, Builder, and Structural Artist, co-authored with Professor Maria Garlock, which accompanied another exhibition in the Princeton University Art Museum, co-curated with Garlock.

Beginning in the early 1990s with the large enrollments of CEE 262 and 102, David and his colleagues began to enroll graduate students based on their ability to teach Princeton undergraduates and to pursue publishable scholarship. David and his colleagues admitted more than 60 such students. Half have become full- or part-time teachers; the

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others are practicing structural engineers. A version of 262 now is being taught at other universities.

Meanwhile, here at Princeton, there is a legacy for this type of program, and especially the example of how large engineering courses built upon scholarship and with outstanding graduate student teachers can have an influence, not only on the civil engineering program, but also on the entire University community. David has taught various undergraduate and graduate courses on structural analysis and design to students in engineering and architecture. His teaching and research have also explored the connections between engineering and the liberal arts, and he has developed curriculum materials aimed at teaching engineering to liberal arts students. It is estimated that through David’s two unique courses 262 and 102, taken by engineering students as well as students from the liberal arts, at least one quarter of all Princeton students have taken a course from David during their four years at Princeton.

The lasting impact of David’s teaching on the Princeton community is substantial. He has been the recipient of the President’s Award for Distinguished Teaching as well as the Distinguished Teaching Award for the School of Engineering and Applied Science. But, perhaps more important, are the large numbers of letters from former students stating how he inspired them and developed in them a long-term interest in a career in structural engineering as well as in the social and artistic impact of structures.

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Patricia Fortini Brown

With Patricia (Pat) Fortini Brown’s retirement at the end of this year, the Department of Art and Archaeology will lose not only a leading specialist in the art of Renaissance Venice, but also a kind and generous colleague with a great love of teaching.

A Californian by birth, Pat arrived at Princeton in 1983 to teach Renaissance art with an unusual background in studio art and a career as an artist, but also with an B.A. in political science and a Ph.D. in art history from the University of California–Berkeley. In 1989, she became the first woman in the department to receive tenure, and she served between 1999 and 2005 as its chair.

Venice, from the late middle ages through the early modern period, has been the primary site of Pat’s scholarly research, with a focus on how works of art and architecture were able to form and convey significant aspects of the city’s culture in which they were produced. In the course of her career, Pat provided substantial contributions to Venetian and Renaissance studies: Her early interest in the painter Carpaccio gave way to studying the discourse of antiquity in Venice—a city that did not share with other Italian cities a past in classical antiquity and instead oriented itself toward other models, such as Byzantium. Her interest in the discussion of the cultural context of art led to Art and Life in Renaissance Venice (1997)—subsequently translated, among other languages, into Mandarin and Korean—in which she explored the role of guilds and the nobility, the environment of the church and the private home, the political rivalries with other states, and Venice’s distinct taste for symbols and metaphors. Her most recent work, Private Lives in Renaissance Venice: Art, Architecture, and the Family (2006) provides deep insight into the aristocratic lifestyle in Venice during a period of changing definitions of nobility. Recapturing the interplay between the public and private, she focused now on attitudes toward wealth and display, the articulation of

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family identity, and the visual culture of Venetian women—how they decorated their homes, dressed, undertook domestic tasks, entertained, and raised their children.

Pat has received numerous fellowships and awards, including Fulbright and Guggenheim fellowships, a Rome Prize at the American Academy in Rome, a Folger Shakespeare Library Fellowship, and several Delmas grants for research in Venice. Pat was also president of the Renaissance Society of America (2000–02, Slade Professor of Fine Arts at the University of Cambridge (2001), and a member of the Board of Advisers for the Center for Advanced Study in the Visual Arts (2004–07). She currently serves on the Board of Trustees of Save Venice. In the past years, Pat spearheaded the introduction of courses to the department’s curriculum that included a travel component. Sponsored by the Program in Hellenic Studies, her courses on Venice and the Mediterranean introduced students to Crete and Corfu. Pat’s active career at Princeton may perhaps come to an end in this academic year, but all signs indicate that her life as a scholar will not lose its fast and productive pace, fueled by the passion for everything Venetian. Her new project will trace the steps of some prominent members of Venetian society who shaped the urban character of Venetian cities outside the Serenissima as far as Crete and Cyprus in the eastern Mediterranean.

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William A. P. Childs

Born in Washington, D.C. in 1942, and having lived a portion of his youth in the Bahamas, William (Willy) Childs entered Princeton in 1960 and received subsequently his B.A. (1964), M.A. (1968), and Ph.D. (1971) from the University. Unusual for his time, however, he spent his junior year at the Institut Catholique and École du Louvre in Paris to study early church history. In 1964–65, he was in London at the University College and the Institute of Archaeology to learn Greek and immerse himself in ancient Near Eastern art history. A Deutscher Akademischer Austausch Dienst fellowship took him to Munich in 1969, and the city became his home during the last two years of writing his dissertation on Lycian city-reliefs and their Mediterranean traditions. Columbia University hired him as assistant professor in 1971, but three years later Willy returned from New York to his alma mater. For the next 36 years, he taught Greek and ancient Near Eastern art and archaeology of the Iron and Bronze age to generations of Princeton students. He continued the long Princeton tradition of archaeology and art historical studies in the Levant and the eastern Mediterranean of Howard Crosby Butler and Rudolf Brünnow, publishing widely on the arts of Lycia between Greece and Persia, but also the Greek Classic. Willy chaired the department from 1985 to 1988 and served twice as president of the Princeton chapter of the Archaeological Institute of America.

Willy’s particular interest in the eastern Mediterranean led him to participate in various excavations during his career: He worked at Xanthos, Turkey, with the Institut francais d’Archéologie d’Istanbul and as director of publication research at the Princeton excavation at Morgantina, Sicily. In 1983, the department began excavations under his direction at the small village of Polis Chrysochous on the northwest shore of Cyprus. The main objective of the project was to locate the city that had produced noteworthy and rich tombs that had been sporadically

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excavated for over a hundred years by European expeditions and local treasure hunters. Literary sources record two cities in the vicinity: Marion, the seat of an archaic kingdom that was destroyed by Ptolemy I Soter, in 312 B.C., and Arsinoe, founded by Ptolemy II Philadelphos in the 270s. The excavations uncovered an archaic and a classical sanctuary with spectacular finds, large sections of the fourth-century city wall, part of what may be an archaic palace, a large Roman building of Augustan and early imperial date, and two early Christian to Byzantine basilicas.

Willy will continue to work on this site for years to come, but the focus of the dig is now shifting away from fieldwork toward the publication of synthetic studies of the material found during the excavations. Last year, Willy and his staff began preparations for an exhibition that will summarize and crown his long work on Cyprus. The project, titled “City of Gold,” is tentatively scheduled for the fall of 2012 in the Princeton University Art Museum.

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Perry Raymond Cook

Perry Cook is a seminal figure in computer music; his research is at the heart of several important areas today: physical modeling, digital interface and instrument design, acoustics, psychoacoustics, and real-time audio processing. His influence pervades the research and musical communities, and his students have become leaders in the fields of digital audio and music research.

Singer, inventor, author, and mentor to generations of students across diverse disciplines, Perry is known for his brilliance, creativity, and disarming sense of humor. His ideas become physically embodied overnight at his workbench: for example, “The DigitalDoo” (a digitally enhanced digeridoo), “The SqueezeVox” (a sensor-enhanced accordion), and “The Fillup Glass” (a minimalist musical water glass). Other instruments come to life virtually; his work with digital synthesis algorithms modeled on the physics of acoustic instruments has resulted in numerous musically intuitive and expressive virtual instruments that are widely used by electronic musicians worldwide. His visionary and sometimes irreverent work with these unusual instruments ultimately led to the formation of the Princeton Laptop Orchestra, which he co-founded in 2005.

In addition to being a builder, Perry has been a prolific writer on a range of subjects. His two books, Music, Cognition, and Computerized Sound: An Introduction to Psychoacoustics and Real Sound Synthesis for Interactive Applications, have enabled researchers and musicians inside and outside academia to both learn and apply these varied topics. His most ambitious book, La Bella Voce e la Macchina: A History of Technology and the Expressive Voice, is near completion and promises to redefine and refine our understanding of the voice and its relationship to music, expression, technology, and communication; Perry’s unique ability to draw deeply on such disparate fields as electrical engineering, vocal performance, acoustics,

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and psychoacoustics make him singularly qualified to take on such a fundamentally multidisciplinary subject.

Born in Independence, Missouri, in 1955, Perry took a circuitous route to Princeton. After growing up in Blue Springs, he attended the University of Missouri at Kansas City Conservatory from 1973–77, studying voice and electronic music, eventually earning degrees in music (1985) and electrical engineering (1986). During that period, he also worked variously as an audio engineer, roadie, and stagehand with more than 250 bands and artists, including Bill Monroe, the Amazing Kreskin, Cool and the Gang, and Bill Cosby, to name but a few. In 1986, Perry began graduate studies at Stanford University and completed his Ph.D. in electrical engineering in 1990. Subsequently, he served as technical director at Stanford’s Center for Computer Research in Music and Acoustics and worked in industry for NeXT Computer, Media Vision, Chromatic, and Interval Research. In 1996, he arrived at Princeton with a joint appointment in computer science and music.

At Princeton, Perry fostered a vital community of musicians and researchers, collaborating with faculty from computer science and elsewhere in the School of Engineering and Applied Science, not to mention music. His collaborative spirit resulted in dozens of publications with students and colleagues, and led to awards from the Guggenheim and MacArthur foundations, among others, as well as performances at Carnegie Hall and elsewhere.

While Perry is “retiring” from Princeton, he is hardly settling into a life of leisure; in addition to finishing his book on the voice and technology, he is creating new musical applications with the company Sonic Mule (Smule), a leading developer of software for the iPhone. Appropriately, Smule was founded by, and is directed by, one of Perry’s former students. Surely we are going to be hearing much, much more from Perry in the coming years.

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Slobodan Ćurčić

Slobodan (“Danny”) Ćurčić is retiring this year from a long teaching career in Byzantine art and architectural studies that spans almost 50 years, 28 of which were spent at Princeton. During this time, he became one of the most prolific and influential scholars in his field, working on a wide range of topics within a large geographical framework—from the evaluation of late Roman and early Christian archaeological remains in Greece to the decorative programs of Byzantine-Norman churches on Sicily, and the architecture of fortresses, palaces, churches, and monastic complexes of the Byzantine Balkans.

Danny was born in 1940 in Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina (the former Yugoslavia), and grew up in Belgrade. He received his bachelor’s degree in architecture from the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign. In 1975, he received his Ph.D. from the Institute of Fine Arts, New York University, with a dissertation on the Late Byzantine church at Gracanica. He was awarded the prize for the best dissertation dealing with an art-historical subject on Eastern Europe by the American Council of Learned Societies and the Social Science Research Council. After having taught for 11 years back at his alma mater in Illinois, Danny joined Princeton’s Department of Art and Archaeology in 1982 as a successor to Kurt Weitzmann, whose heritage as a specialist in the study of Byzantine icons he respected and complemented through his own research. Interested in interdisciplinary studies, Danny quickly connected with neighboring disciplines in a series of colloquia and exhibition projects that were realized in collaboration with colleagues from local and international academic institutions. Danny served as chair of the department between 1988–1990 and from 2006 on shouldered additional responsibilities as the director of the Program in Hellenic Studies. In the aftermath of the Balkan conflict of the early 1990s, Danny was appointed in 2005 to an

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international experts committee on the Rehabilitation and Safeguarding of Cultural Heritage in Kosovo.

A testimony to his immense energy as a human being and as a scholar, Danny’s last semester at Princeton coincided with two lifetime achievements of his scholarly career. It saw first the opening of the exhibition “Architecture as Icon,” a project that explored the relationship between the representation and various levels of interpretation of architecture on or as ritual artifacts. After having spent many years in planning stages, its overwhelming success in the Princeton University Art Museum and before that in Thessaloniki, Greece, showed once more that his fresh approach to pertinent questions in the field illustrated by the beauty of artifacts could unite scholars and non-specialists in an unbroken admiration for Byzantine art. Right on the heels of the exhibition came the publication of Danny’s new book, Architecture of the Balkans, a true magnum opus of grand scope that begins with the Diocletian period to end—not with the end of Constantinople—but with an in-depth discussion of the Ottoman contribution to the architecture of this region. Typical for many of Danny’s contributions to the field, he stresses the synthetic aspects, common roots, and parallel strands of architecture in the Balkans, a region that is still reeling from political and cultural fragmentation and in which art has frequently been interpreted under aspects of national identity. In that sense this work is not only emblematic for Danny’s lifelong intensive occupation with architectural history, urbanism, and the minutiae of plans and elevations, but a powerful, timely advocacy for the common and shared cultural heritage of a large portion of southeastern Europe that formed and forms a cultural landscape beyond existing borders and the succession of dynasties and states.

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Arcadio Díaz-Quiñones

Arcadio Díaz-Quiñones is one of the finest and most prominent Caribbean public intellectuals of his time, a talented writer and scholar whose essays already have become classics in the Latin American and Latino/a modern literary canon, and an extraordinary teacher who has inspired generations of undergraduate and graduate students at Princeton and elsewhere.

Arcadio received a B.A. (1961) and a M.A. (1963) in Hispanic studies from the University of Río Piedras, Puerto Rico, and completed his graduate training at the Universidad Central de Madrid, Spain, with a doctoral dissertation on the uses of the Spanish language in 16th- century colonial archival documents, under the supervision of the legendary Spanish scholar Rafael Lapesa. He taught at the Universidad de Puerto Rico, Río Piedras, from 1970 to 1982, before joining the Princeton University faculty in 1983. In recognition of the excellence of his scholarship and teaching, he was named the Emory L. Ford Professor of Spanish in 1999. He also served as director of the Program in Latin American Studies at Princeton for six years, when with extraordinary determination and inspirational leadership he vigorously transformed the program into one of the strongest and most visible programs on campus, with a stellar interdisciplinary team of faculty members and a thriving community of undergraduate and graduate students.

Arcadio’s accomplishments as a scholar and essayist are many and varied. His main fields of interest have been Latin American cultural and intellectual history and Caribbean poetry. He has devoted many articles to the role of poets and intellectuals in Hispanic-Caribbean society, including Luis Palés Matos, Antonio S. Pedreira, and Pedro Henríquez Ureña. Among his many contributions to Caribbean intellectual and literary history are his polished editions of works by Caribbean writers and public intellectuals such as Luis Rafael Sánchez, Tomás Blanco, Cintio

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Vitier, and José Luis González. His publications include El almuerzo en la hierba (1982); an edition of El prejuicio racial en Puerto Rico, by Tomás Blanco (1985); an edition of works by Luis Lloréns Torres, Verso y prosa (1986); a study on the Cuban poet Cintio Vitier: La memoria integradora (1987); and an edition of Sánchez’s Puerto Rican classic La guaracha del macho Camacho (2003). But it is perhaps within the long and prestigious tradition of the Latin American essay where Arcadio has left his most indelible mark, with classics such as La memoria rota: ensayos sobre cultura y política (1993) and El arte de bregar: ensayos (2000), both preoccupied with tracing the elusive archive of experiences born from a long and contradictory colonial history. El arte de bregar offers a dazzling exploration of the Puerto Rican local uses of the word bregar as a symptomatological signifier condensing the traumatic traces of a Caribbean political unconscious. In Sobre los principios: los intelectuales caribeños y la tradición, published in 2006, Arcadio directs his erudition and elegant writing to the study of the anxious relationship of Caribbean writers with the notion of tradition, as it was conceived by Latin American leading intellectuals such as Pedro Henríquez Ureña, José Martí, Fernando Ortiz, Ramiro Guerra y Sánchez, Antonio S. Pedreira, and Tomás Blanco, or figures related to the Hispanic trans-Atlantic such as the Spaniard Marcelino Menéndez Pelayo, who was interested in the role of the last Spanish colonies in modern Hispanism. In Arcadio’s exquisite analysis, Caribbean intellectuals see themselves confronted with a continuous dilemma between a sense of belonging to a “Hispanic” common tradition and the threat of its dissolution, which forced them to re-visit over and over the question of the origins of a national culture.

Besides being a distinguished scholar, Arcadio has been an extraordinary teacher. He has always stressed that teaching is one of the highest and most challenging forms of intellectual engagement. Whether leading a graduate seminar on the question of memory and power, analyzing a poem by Chilean poet Gabriela Mistral, or directing a senior thesis or a doctoral thesis, he has brought the excitement of scholarship and the passion of literary writing to all his students. Two of his regular offerings at Princeton, “Introduction to Spanish

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American Literature” and “Introduction to Latin American Poetry,” became legendary courses within the undergraduate community. For many students, the “Princeton experience” was not complete until they had the opportunity to attend Arcadio’s famous lectures. The powerful, enduring effects of his commitment to teaching have created a vast web of enthusiastic and grateful heirs and disciples, forever touched by his knowledge, his wit, and the love of learning.

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Gerard Charles Dismukes

Professor of Chemistry Emeritus G. Charles Dismukes also was an affiliated member of the Princeton Environmental Institute and the Princeton Institute for the Science and Technology of Materials. He received a B.S. in chemistry from the Lowell Technological Institute, a Ph.D. in chemistry from the University of Wisconsin–Madison, and did postdoctoral work in the Calvin Laboratory at the University of California–Berkeley.

Charles arrived at Princeton in 1978 as an assistant professor. His research interests include metals in biological systems, and biological and chemical methods for splitting water. His published works describe the biology and chemistry of photosynthetic oxygen production by water oxidation, and bioinspired synthetic catalysts for renewable energy production. His honors include: Searle Scholars Award, Alfred P. Sloan Award, Squibb Institute Fellowship, DuPont Young Faculty Award, Japan Society for the Promotion of Science Fellowship, Monbusho Lecturer, National Research Council Fellowship, National Research Service Award Senior International Fellow, CNRS Fellowship (France), and the Lemberg Fellowship (Australia). He has been a visiting professor at the Université Joseph Fourier, Grenoble, France (1997); Kansai-Gaikun University, Nishinomiya, Japan (1997); the Squibb Institute for Medical Research, Princeton (1991); and the Service de Biophysique, Dept. de Biologie, CEA-Saclay, France (1984).

Charles’s professional service has included: president of the Princeton Chapter of the American Chemical Society (ACS); ACS member and national meeting symposium organizer; program reviewer for the Department of Energy, Air Force Office of Scientific Research, the National Science Foundation, and the National Institutes of Health (NIH); and roles in many other capacities for the NIH Metallobiochemistry Resource Center, NIH Study Group for National

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EPR Facilities, NIH Molecular Biophysics Training Grant Study Group, NIH-Chemistry and Bioanalytical Science Review Panel, and NIH-Postdoctoral Award Review Panel. He has been on the Biophysical Society National Committee on Careers, and is on the Board of Editors, Journal of Biological Inorganic Chemistry. Charles also acted as consultant to Sakana Inc., the New Jersey Department of Environmental Protection, Sarnoff Laboratories, Agere Systems, Allied Innovative Systems, and Bingham McCutchen.

Charles currently is on the faculty of the chemistry department at Rutgers University.

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Avinash Kamalakar Dixit

Avinash Dixit came to Princeton in January 1981, after serving as an assistant professor at the University of California–Berkeley, a fellow of Balliol College, the University of Oxford, and a professor at the University of Warwick. He is the John J. F. Sherrerd ’52 University Professor of Economics at Princeton. Avinash was born in Bombay (now Mumbai) and earned a B.Sc. in mathematics and physics at St. Xavier’s College (Bombay), a B.A. in mathematics at Corpus Christi College, the University of Cambridge, and a Ph.D. in economics at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Avinash is a fellow of the Econometric Society, the American Academy of Arts and Sciences, and the National Academy of Sciences, a corresponding fellow of the British Academy, and a recently elected member of the American Philosophical Society. He is widely regarded as one of the leading economists of his generation.

The most remarkable aspect of Avinash’s professional career has been its breadth. In an era of increasing specialization in economics, Avinash has made seminal contributions to an extraordinary range of subfields that includes microeconomics, game theory, public economics, urban economics, international trade, industrial organization, macroeconomics, international macroeconomics, economic growth and development, and the law and institutions of economic governance. Indeed, there is hardly an area of economics that has not benefited from his clear thinking and prodigious economic modeling skills. Having learned the tools of applied theory from Nobel-laureate Robert Solow and others at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Avinash has taken this analytical approach to real-world problems to a new level, lending insight and rigor to whatever areas he touched.

So vast and broad are Avinash’s contributions, it is difficult to pinpoint the highlights. One surely is his 1977 paper with Joseph Stiglitz that provided a workhouse model of “monopolistic competition”

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in which firms that produce differentiated products are able to exploit market power in their product niches, yet see their supra-normal profits eroded by the entry of competing goods. This paper allowed a rigorous analysis of the product diversity that can be supported by the market in a world of economies of scale. The Dixit-Stiglitz formulation soon became the backbone of advances in international trade theory, macroeconomic theory, economic growth, and other areas. The 1,300-plus citations that the paper has garnered underestimate its impact, because the formulation has become so well accepted that not every user feels compelled to cite the original source.

In collaboration with Robert Pindyck, Avinash wrote Investment under Uncertainty, which has become required reading for economics graduate students and business students alike. The authors provide analytical methods for making capital investment decisions in a world of irreversibility and uncertainty. They recognized that physical investments made in a world of uncertainty have the features of financial options, because the investor almost always must decide whether to invest now (exercise the option) or wait until later. This insight allowed them to bring the analytical tools of option theory to bear on a wide range of practical problems that had not previously been approached this way. In another seminal contribution, Avinash collaborated with Victor Norman to bring “the dual approach” to bear on the theory of international trade. This approach emphasizes the cost-and-price relationships that characterize an economic equilibrium, in contrast to the primal approach that focuses on inputs and outputs. The Dixit-Norman monograph provided an elegant restatement and presentation of familiar results in trade theory and paved the way to numerous, important extensions.

Few in the profession rival Avinash’s flair with the pen. His prose is crisp and clear and he writes with wit, grace, and an immense knowledge of history, economics, and literature. Not surprising, then, that his 10 books have been best sellers in the profession, ranging in topics from The Theory of International Trade to Art of Strategy, from Optimization in Economic Theory and the Theory of Equilibrium Growth to Lawlessness and Economics and The Making of Economic Policy. His skill in exposition extends as well to the classroom, where Princeton economics students

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over three decades have benefited from his clear-headed and highly organized approach to microeconomic theory, games of strategy, the economics of uncertainty, international trade theory, and mathematics for economists. Avinash spent a decade too as a joint appointee in the Woodrow Wilson School of Public and International Affairs, where he gave future policymakers the tools to analyze international trade policy, economic development, and strategic interactions. Indeed, his teaching ranged even more widely in his frequent workshop collaborations with sociologists and political scientists.

Avinash has served both the University and the economics profession in numerous administrative roles. At Princeton, he has been director of graduate studies, chair of the junior faculty recruiting committee, departmental representative, and a member of the schedules committee, the course of studies committee, and the committee of committees. In the profession, he has held various leadership positions for the Econometric Society, the American Economic Association, and the American Academy of Arts and Sciences, including stints as president of the first two of these organizations.

It is difficult to exaggerate Avinash’s place in the academic world. He is a true scholar in every sense of the world.

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Emmet William Gowin

Emmet Gowin was born in 1941 in Danville, Virginia, the son of a Methodist minister. From the very moment, as a teenager, that he became conscious of the art of photography, he saw it as a spiritual vocation. He came to realize that that vocation was his when he was a student at the Richmond Professional Institute. Drawn to the work of Robert Frank, he sought his advice and followed it by attending graduate school at the Rhode Island School of Design to study under Harry Callahan, who became his mentor. There he encountered both Aaron Siskin and Frederick Sommer. The three became his elective guides in rigorously devoting his life to photography as an instrument of discovery.

However, the great influence on Emmet has been his wife, Edith Morris Gowin, whom he married in 1964. Throughout his career she has been the subject to which he returns again and again with intense love and wonder. The visual amazement he has felt in watching her is lavishly represented in his book Emmet Gowin: Photographs (2009). Much of this work was made in black and white with a large-format camera, often using an unmasked circular image, as if to allow the magical affinity of Edith, their children, or the landscapes he loves, to burn their radiance on the photosensitive paper as directly as possible.

After the eruption of Mt. Saint Helens, Emmet began to explore aerial photography, examining the surface of the Earth with the affection and surprise that he had learned in studying Edith. That work has continued in a series, Emmet Gowin: Changing the Earth (2002), devoted to nuclear test sites and strip mining, seen from the sky. Most recently, he has turned to color to photograph moths and insects. The unifying thread in all his work is the sacredness of the image.

At Princeton University, Emmet is renowned as a charismatic teacher in the visual arts program recognized with the President’s Award for Distinguished Teaching in 1997 and the Howard T. Behrman

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Award for Distinguished Achievemnt in the Humanities in 2006. Generations of photographers began their careers in his studio classes.

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Ze’eva Cohen (Ludwig)

Born in Israel in 1940, Ze’eva Cohen began her early dance training with the German expressionist choreographer Gertrude Kraus, and went on to study the Graham technique from Rena Gluck. At 19, Ze’eva began her fruitful 10-year relationship with Anna Sokolow, one of modern dance’s leading choreographers. Dancing first with Sokolow’s Israel-based Lyric Theater, Ze’eva later traveled to New York City to become a student at the Juilliard School and to perform starring roles with Sokolow’s New York dance company, the Anna Sokolow Dance Company. With her compelling presence and unerring dramatic gifts, Ze’eva was a perfect performer for the emotional work of Sokolow and garnered critical praise for her riveting performances in such historic works as Rooms, Dreams, and Lyric Suite.

In 1965 Ze’eva, by then choreographing her own work, banded together with a group of independent choreographers to form the choreographer’s collective Dance Theater Workshop. In the ensuing years, she further developed her own choreographic voice and also performed in the works of Art Bauman, Jeff Duncan, and Kathryn Posin. Although the initial mission of the collective focused on independent dance artists pooling their resources, Dance Theater Workshop has evolved over the years to become an essential and pivotal organization fostering the work of dance artists the world over.

With her reputation as a dancer established and with a growing career as a choreographer, Ze’eva was invited in 1969 to Princeton to develop a dance program for its first class of women students. Those first dance classes, predominantly attended by men, were held in a small room attached to Dillon Gymnasium. Performances were given at the only place possible, the campus lawns. Ze’eva steadily worked to take the dance program beyond those humble beginnings and to create a place for it beside the other creative arts as a legitimate area of academic study.

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In her 40 years as head of dance, Ze’eva guided the development of dance at Princeton to its current status as a separate certificate program. Some of her students, like dancer Silas Riener and choreographer David Rousseve, became interested in dance for the first time through her classes and went on to become important figures in the dance world.

In 1971, Ze’eva decided to place her choreography on the back burner and devote herself to her deep need to perform. Known for her seemingly inexhaustible energy, she ambitiously launched a solo dance repertory program which toured throughout the United States, Canada, Europe, and Israel for 12 years under the auspices of the National Endowment for the Arts Residency Touring Dance Program. As a choreographer and dancer, Ze’eva came of age as the golden era of Modern Dance was winding down and the Judson Church era was just beginning. Her own choreography straddles those two periods and draws on her strengths as an expressive and dramatic performer. The repertory of her solo program included her own choreography as well as commissioned works and reconstructions from 23 choreographers. In 1983, Ze’eva founded the 10-member Ze’eva Cohen and Dancers, which performed her work in New York and on national tours through 1988. Ze’eva has also choreographed works for the Boston Ballet, Munich Tanzproject, Batsheva Dance Company, Inbal Dance Theater of Israel, and the Alvin Ailey Repertory Dance Company.

Ze’eva’s personality is as warm, spirited, and dramatic as her dancing. For four decades she personified dance for Princeton’s students, whom she encouragingly and fiercely cajoled and prodded into discovering their own physical and expressive capacities. Building a strong and vital program of dance at Princeton stands beside Ze’eva’s international career as a performer and choreographer as one of her finest artistic achievements—one which will continue to serve the Princeton student body for many years to come.

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Janet Marion Martin

After four years as an instructor and assistant professor at Harvard University, including a year as a fellow of the American Academy in Rome, Janet Martin spent the rest of her career at Princeton, where she joined the faculty as an assistant professor in 1973 and was promoted to associate professor in 1976. She received her A.B. in the history and literature of the Middle Ages at Radcliffe College and, after receiving a master’s in classical studies at the University of Michigan, returned to Harvard for her Ph.D. in medieval Latin, which was awarded in 1968. The Latin, literature, and history of the Middle Ages remained at the center of her teaching and scholarship at Princeton. Janet’s edition of selected letters of Peter the Venerable was published by the Pontifical Institute of Mediaeval Studies in 1974, and there followed a series of papers on the reception and circulation of classical literature in medieval Europe and a study on the text and music of Hildegard of Bingen. As a teacher, too, she brought medieval Latin and literature, the classical tradition, and Latin paleography and textual criticism to students at both the undergraduate and the graduate levels, in addition to teaching courses on the authors of the classical Latin canon. A decade’s service on the executive committee of the Program in Medieval Studies was among her many contributions to the University community, and she has long been a mainstay of the Classical Association of the Atlantic States.

As the first woman promoted to tenure in the classics department’s history, Janet was also in the vanguard of the feminist movement in the profession, in the classroom and beyond. From undergraduate courses on the tragic heroine and women’s writings to a graduate seminar on feminist literary theory and the classics, her teaching helped to open new vistas in the field and raise consciousness when it much needed raising, and in 1996 she co-organized the conference “Feminism and Classics: Framing the Research Agenda” that was among the gatherings

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held to celebrate Princeton’s 250th anniversary. Nationally, Janet was among the founders and leaders of the Women’s Classical Caucus, which through its support of women, their rights, and their interests, has made the academic world of classics a much more equitable, hospitable, and interesting place than it had been for generations. For such work, as for her teaching, generations of students at Princeton and beyond are in Janet’s debt.

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Anne Marie Treisman

Anne Treisman was born in 1935 in Yorkshire, England. She was interested in science early on, but at her father’s wish that she become a “cultured” person, she switched to French, Latin, and history for her last three years of high school. Upon receiving a B.A. in modern and medieval languages at the University of Cambridge, she was offered a research fellowship to work toward a doctoral degree in French literature. This time she decided to follow her interest in science and used the fellowship funds (with permission) to obtain a one-year undergraduate degree in psychology instead. She obtained her Ph.D. from the University of Oxford in 1962, where her thesis, “Selective Attention and Speech Perception,” presaged her major contributions to our understanding of attention and perception. Anne joined the Princeton faculty in 1993, following university appointments at Oxford, the University of British Columbia, and the University of California–Berkeley. Her academic honors include election as a fellow of the Royal Society, London (1989), American Philosophical Society (2005), National Academy of Sciences (1994), American Academy of Arts and Sciences (1995), honorary degrees from the University of British Columbia and University College London (2004, 2006), the Warren Medal of the Society of Experimental Psychologists (1990), and the Grawemeyer Award in Psychology (2009), which recognizes outstanding ideas in psychology. Her work has appeared in 29 book chapters and more than 80 journal articles and is heavily cited in the psychological literature, as well as prominently included in both introductory and advanced textbooks. She was named the James S. McDonnell Distinguished University Professor of Psychology in 1995.

Her early work focused on how attention can filter perceptual input, allowing only potentially relevant information to reach consciousness.

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The dominant theory at the time postulated a general, non-selective filtering mechanism. Anne used a selective listening paradigm to see what kinds of information get through the general filter. People wore earphones and were instructed to attend to only one ear. Messages in the attended ear were understood and remembered, those in the unattended ear were filtered out—they were neither noticed nor remembered. However, potentially important information, such as mention of one’s name in the unattended ear, is instantly noticed, demonstrating that the attentional filter is selective.

In the 1970s, Anne’s research interests turned from audition to vision, and to the feature integration, or binding, problem. Anne began with two observations: (1) perceptual features, such as shape, color, and motion are processed by different subsystems of the brain; (2) nonetheless, we experience multi-featured objects as integrated wholes. For example, when we look at a red ball rolling on the floor, we do not see redness, roundness, and motion as separate percepts. Instead, we see a moving red ball. How is this accomplished? Anne proposed that there is a “spotlight” of attention that serially moves around in the representations of space in the brain, perhaps as often as 25 time a second. The features of an object are bound together when the spotlight of attention lands on the location of that object. In a sense, this suggests that we need to know where an object is before we can know what it is—i.e., before its features are bound together.

This idea is quite counterintuitive. People are not aware of either the serial scan, or of the binding process. Anne’s genius in examining this idea was in developing striking predictions of her feature integration theory and testing those predictions empirically. One such prediction is that one process is involved in detecting that a particular feature is present somewhere in a visual scene (e.g., there is something red in the scene), and a different process in detecting a conjunction of features (e.g., there is a red X on the left side of a scene). Key evidence for this prediction came from the results of visual search tasks. People are asked to look for a target item among some number of other items. The time to find a target defined by a single basic feature (e.g., a red target among green distractors) was independent of the number of distractor items. This

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implicates a parallel search process. If a target was not distinguished by a single basic feature (e.g., a letter among various other letters), then the time required to find the target increased as a linear function of the number of distracting items, suggesting a serial process of binding one item at a time.

The theory predicted a phenomenon heretofore not observed—the phenomenon of illusory conjunctions. When people cannot focus their attention, they may misperceive objects by combining features from other objects, e.g., see a red T when the actual objects are a red O and a blue T. It’s often said that there is nothing as practical as a good theory, and in Anne’s case her Feature Integration Theory (FIT) was good indeed. The theory helped to explain a puzzling symptom in patients with parietal lobe damage—known as Balints’ patients. These people have lost their ability to localize objects visually. According to FIT, if an object cannot be localized, then the selective attention cannot be deployed to that object, making binding of features difficult, if not impossible. Anne found that these patients had a major binding problem. Even when presented with just two objects, say a red X and a blue T, the patients would often see a blue X or a red T, even if they were given unrestricted observation time to make their judgments. This result was a striking confirmation of the counter-intuitive notion that we need to know where an object is to know what it is—what features must be bound together. And, because these patients could not attend selectively to different object locations, they display simultanagnosia (their inability to see more than one object at a time).

The theory also raises important questions. For example, if people must bind objects one at a time, how can we have immediate impressions of the detailed scenes that we encounter on a daily basis? Anne contrasted the operation of binding in order to individuate objects with a different mode of attentional deployment that processes sets of similar objects (e.g., a flock of geese) and even whole scenes. These latter attentional processes provide information about the global properties of scenes, general spatial layouts and gists of scenes, without the need to bind features of individual objects. Together, focused and global attention allow people to combine accurate identification of a few objects with quick apprehension of the gist of a scene.

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The impact of Anne’s work on theory and practice has been enormous. Her original 1980 paper on FIT is the most cited paper in the last 12 years in the main cognitive psychology journals. Her papers on attention have been cited more than 8,200 times. Her theory was instrumental in bringing together the behavioral phenomena of focused and global attention with what neuroscientists have discovered about the functions of the various pathways involved in representing locations and actions. And her work has been used by applied psychologists who work to improve the discriminability of such things as railway and traffic signals, or the search for weapons by baggage inspectors in airports. With luck, the people who design training regimens for airport security personnel may well be able to use her work to speed up the process without loss of accuracy.

Rounding out this brief summary of Anne’s stellar career, her contributions extend to her training of graduate and undergraduate students, her unstinting participation in both journal and book reviewing, in grant review processes, and in University service. Binding all of her features together, we have enjoyed the friendship and collegiality of a complete academic.

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Daniel Chee Tsui

Nobel laureate and the Arthur Legrand Doty Professor of Electrical Engineering, Daniel C. Tsui is retiring after 28 years at Princeton. Dan came to Princeton in 1982 after 14 years at Bell Labs where he was an innovator in the study of two-dimensional electron systems. At Princeton, Dan continued to be an innovator and garnered an international reputation for his scientific discoveries in experimental condensed matter physics.

Dan was born on February 28, 1939, in Henan Province, China. At the age of 12 he moved to Hong Kong to live with his two older sisters and attend Pui Ching Middle School. He graduated in 1957 and enrolled in Special Classes Centre to prepare for the entrance examination of the University of Hong Kong. Apprehensive about their ability to pass the physics portion of the entrance examination, Dan and two classmates obtained a copy of College Physics and met regularly to study. While preparing to take the entrance examination, Dan learned that he had received a full scholarship to Augustana College, in Rock Island, Illinois. He accepted the scholarship and in 1958 arrived on campus. He knew almost immediately that he would go on to study physics in graduate school at the University of Chicago. He had been greatly influenced in the years leading to his move to Augustana College by two men, C. N. Yang and T. D. Lee, who had won the Nobel Prize for Physics in 1957. Both men were graduates of the University of Chicago and both were role models during Dan’s high school years.

Dan graduated Phi Betta Kappa from Augustana College in 1961, three years after entering. He continued his studies as planned and in 1967 obtained his Ph.D. in physics from the University of Chicago. He remained at the University of Chicago for a year of postdoctoral study before joining Bell Labs in 1968 to do research in solid state physics. By his own account, Dan says, “I never got into the main stream in

1 Lex Prix Nobel. The Nobel Prizes 1998, Editor Tore Frängsmyr, [Nobel Foundation], Stockholm, 1999

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semiconductor physics . . . I wandered into a new frontier . . . dubbed the physics of two-dimensional electrons.”1

In 1982, Dan joined the Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science at Princeton. His appointment was supported by two Noble laureates. In just a few short years, he received the E. Buckley Condensed Matter Prize from the American Physical Society in honor of his groundbreaking work in condensed matter physics. In 1988, he won the Benjamin Franklin Medal in Physics, the highest honor in physical science in the United States. Shortly before joining Princeton in 1982, Dan and his colleague at Bell Labs, Horst Störmer, discovered a phenomenon that they called the fractional quantum Hall effect. In 1998, along with Störmer and Robert Laughlin, Dan received the Nobel Prize in Physics for discovering a new form of quantum fluid with fractionally charged exitations (the fractional quantum Hall effect).

Dan is a member of the U.S. National Academy of Sciences; the National Academy of Engineering; a fellow of the American Association for Advancement of Sciences; a fellow of the American Physical Society; an Academician of Academia Sinica, Taipei; and a foreign member of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing. He has also served on the nomination committee for the National Academy of Sciences.

Dan’s honor, sincerity, and kindness, as well as his academic performance, were commemorated by his teachers at Augustana College in numerous articles written for The Joy of the Search of Knowledge, a book published as a tribute to him on the occasion of his being named a Nobel laureate.

Dan is a committed teacher, adviser, and mentor. We expect he will continue his quest for knowledge after retirement. An active and inquisitive mind does not simply stop asking why and how.

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James Wei

James Wei transferred to emeritus status on February 1, 2010, following an exceptionally distinguished and diverse career that spanned research and administration, in both industry and academia. At Princeton, Jim is best known for his 11-year tenure as the dean of the School of Engineering and Applied Science (1991–2002), during which the school grew substantially in scope and stature.

Jim received his bachelor’s degree in chemical engineering from the Georgia Institute of Technology in 1952, and his M.S. and Sc.D. in chemical engineering from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology in 1954 and 1955 (with a minor in fine arts from Harvard University). He began his career as a research chemical engineer for Mobil Oil in 1955 and embarked upon a meteoric rise that led to the position of manager of long-range analysis in 1969, the same year in which he received a degree in advanced management from Harvard Business School. At Mobil, Jim established himself as a pioneer of chemical reaction engineering. Among his contributions was the Prater-Wei treatment of general first-order reaction networks, which is now a standard entry in every advanced textbook in chemical reaction engineering. Jim also launched a program on diffusion in zeolites—catalysts critical to the effective synthesis of a myriad of basic chemicals and chemical building blocks—which continued for five decades. At Mobil, Jim also created mathematical models of shale retorting, carbon burning in moving bed regenerators, and catalytic mufflers.

In 1971, Jim moved to academia as the Allan P. Colburn Professor of chemical engineering at the University of Delaware, expanding his research program into coal gasification and transport in biological systems, and supervising the doctoral theses of 11 students. After six years at Delaware, Jim joined MIT in 1977 as the Warren K. Lewis Professor, and served as department head until 1988. During this period,

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Jim raised MIT’s chemical engineering department to the position of prominence which it still enjoys today, while also supervising the doctoral theses of 18 students.

In 1991, Jim moved to Princeton as dean of the School of Engineering and Applied Science and the Pomeroy and Betty Perry Smith Professor of Chemical Engineering. Among the highlights of his tenure as dean were the construction of the Friend Center for Engineering Education, and the major gift from Sir Gordon Y. S. Wu ’58 in support of the school. Following his tenure as dean, Jim returned full-time to the Department of Chemical Engineering, where he taught courses of his own design on “Great Inventions that Changed the World” and on “Product Engineering,” the latter leading to a 2007 textbook published by Oxford University Press, Product Engineering: Molecular Structure and Properties.

Among Jim’s many honors are the Award in Petroleum Chemistry from the American Chemical Society (1966); the Professional Progress (1970), William H. Walker (1980), Warren K. Lewis (1985), and Founders (1990) awards from American Institute of Chemical Engineers (AIChE); and election to the National Academy of Engineering (1978), the American Academy of Arts and Sciences (1982), and the Academia Sinica (1982). During the AIChE’s 75th anniversary (1983), Jim was designated as one of 30 “Eminent Chemical Engineers,” and during AIChE’s 100th anniversary (2008), he was named one of the “100 Chemical Engineers of the Modern Era.”

Within the chemical engineering profession, Jim is best known for his creative and path-breaking research, some elements of which are outlined above. At Princeton, Jim is best known as an effective and resourceful administrator and leader. But to his colleagues in the Department of Chemical Engineering, he is perhaps best known for his encyclopedic knowledge and broad wisdom, his good humor, and for his love of the arts. We wish Jim and his wife Virginia the best in all their continued endeavors.

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Froma I. Zeitlin

In 1996, Froma Zeitlin published a 500-page volume of collected papers, Playing the Other: Gender and Society in Classical Greek Literature. In 2007, a Festschrift was devoted to her, Visualizing the Tragic. Drama, Myth, and Ritual in Greek Art and Literature. Essays in Honor of Froma Zeitlin: that volume contained 17 papers by a galaxy of scholars and, according to the editors, they could have included three times as many contributors. In May 2010, an international conference was held in Princeton titled “Mythmaking: Celebrating the Work of Froma I. Zeitlin.” On the poster for that conference the organizers summed up her career: “Over five decades she has transformed the field of classics, opening it up to fertile interactions with post-War French thought and feminist theory and imprinting it with her own extraordinary vision. During these years, and since 1992 as the Ewing Professor of Greek Language and Literature, she has helped make Princeton one of the leading centers for the innovative scholarship that she pioneered.”

Froma was born in New York City and received her B.A. (magna cum laude) from Radcliffe College in 1954, an M.A. from Catholic University in 1965, and a Ph.D. (with distinction) from Columbia University in 1970. From 1970–76 she was an assistant professor at Rutgers University, and an associate professor with tenure from 1976–77. Then, brilliantly, the classics department lured her to Princeton as a visiting associate professor in 1976–1977, and the rest is history: associate professor of classics, 1977–1983; professor of classics, 1983; professor of comparative literature, 1989; and the Ewing Professor of Greek Language and Literature, 1992. From 1996–2005 she also was devoted to another subject close to her heart, in serving as director of the Program in Judaic Studies. Indeed, her deep engagement with the humanities throughout the University and her service on numerous boards and committees, is reflected in the astonishing number of 18

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departments, programs, and other entities that subscribed to the Mythmaking conference.

Her honors and awards have been legion, including three National Endowment for the Humanities fellowships and fellowships from the Guggenheim Foundation and the American Council of Learned Societies. To note but a few jewels in her crown, she has been Directeur d’Études Associé at both the Collège de France and the École Pratique des Hautes Études; she is an honorary fellow of Newnham College, the University of Cambridge, and a member of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences; and in 1995–1996 she served as the Sather Professor at the University of California–Berkeley, delivering the Sather Classical Lectures, the most distinguished series in the classical world. In 1995, her distinction was duly acknowledged by Princeton with the Howard T. Behrman Award for Distinguished Achievement in the Humanities.

Froma is one of the world’s leading interpreters of Greek drama. In an important book on Aeschylus (Under the Sign of the Shield, 1982, second edition, 2009), in two edited collections which were nothing less than epoch-making (Nothing to Do with Dionysos? and Before Sexuality, both 1990), and in her own many articles and chapters (the long, careful, pioneering essay is her preferred form), she has redrawn the intellectual map of Greek Tragedy and Old Comedy. Her writing is distinguished by its force and its subtlety, by its high level of theoretical sophistication, and by its notably fierce attachment to the philological details of the texts themselves. Several major themes can be picked out from her broad interests: gender and sexuality, problems of self-identity, the role of society and locality, and the dramatic function of spectacle and performance. Her early articles helped to define the feminist approach to drama with a richness worthy of the texts. Her work bears a strong stamp of the French structuralism associated with Jean-Pierre Vernant (whose translated essays she edited in 1991), yet her scholarly voice is very much her own and she has resisted the term “structuralist” for her approach to literature. Some of her most compelling readings focus on painful issues of identity in drama, both for the individual self and the self as a social and political construct. She has shown that it is the perpetual struggle of tragic characters to understand and establish themselves and their places

in society—in the context of seemingly fixed but in reality frighteningly unstable social and political constraints, roles, and protocols—that makes Greek drama enduringly important to generations of readers.

In the last two decades, Froma has moved out from her core area of Athenian drama of the fifth century BCE to consider other genres and periods of Greek literature, again further developing her approach to gender, self-identity, locality, and society, in Hesiod, in Homer, and in the Greek novel. She has turned her attention to basic questions of vision and spectacle in both drama and the novel, and the title of the book version of her Sather Lectures, currently in preparation, is, appropriately, Vision, Figuration, and Image from Theater to Romance. At the same time, she has also made a reputation with several papers in the last decade on the literature of the Holocaust. Here it is important to note how closely intertwined her scholarship has been with her teaching. Just as she was renowned for her two core courses on classical literature in translation (appropriately CLA/COM 323, “Self and Society in Classical Greek Drama,” and CLA 329, “Sex and Gender in the Ancient World”), so she has won the highest praise from students, both Jewish and gentile, for her regularly taught COM 349, the rigorous and passionate, scholarly and emotionally demanding, “Texts and Images of the Holocaust.”

Space forbids further reflection on Froma’s scholarly achievement, particularly her mediation and bridge-building between European and American academic cultures. But one of her many personal virtues is relevant. As the editors of the volume of papers dedicated to her (“with all our love”) note, “she loves to say ‘Have you met…?’, ‘I must get you to see…’.” These and similar words must have been heard by hundreds of friends and admirers over the last few decades. If there is one virtue that sums her up, that marks her career at every turn, that doubles the impact of her formidable scholarship, and that lingers in the memory of all who have profited by her acquaintance, it is her extraordinary generosity.

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