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The banana crop is sensitive to grasses especially in the early stages of their growth compare to herbaceous dicot weeds.

The major monocot weeds of banana fields are Cyperus rotundus, Cynodon dactylon, Digitaria marginata, and Eleusine aegyptium, and the dicot weed are Euphorbia spp, Polygonum plebejum, Portulaca oleracea, and Mimosa pudica.

In banana cultivation grassy weed dominate the weed ecosystem whicvh accounts >60 per cent of the total weed population followed by broad leaved weed and sedges.

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Cynodon dactylon Pers.

In black soils and in dryland is a noxious weed and once a field is infested with it, cultivation becomes impossible.

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It belongs to the family Graminae (Poaceae) and common name is

Bahama Grass, Hariyali. In tamil it is called as Arugampullu

It is considered as one of the ten worst weeds in the world and problematic in all tropical

and subtropical areas in dry land and garden lands.

Cynodon dactylon Pers.

A perennial grass extensively creeping by means of scaly rhizomes

or by strong flat stolons, very common in plains and hills slender and

grows upto 7.5 to 30 cm height.

The underground stems are hard, brittle, thick, pale white in colour

and covered with short scale-leaves and occur at varying depth in

soil. Leaves are linear, finely acute, 7.5 to 12.5 cm long, spikes 3 to

6.

Propagated by through seeds and underground stolons.

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Cyperus rotundus L

Family is Cyperaceae and common name is Nut Grass, Nutsedge. In tamil it is called as Korai kizhangu.

Stoloniferous, stolons not bulbiferous, stems trigonous, up to 1 m high, and tubers not zoned. Stem sparsely tufted.

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Leaves shorter or longer than stem,

narrow, numerous, bracts usually 3 and

up to 60 cm long.

Cyperus rotundus L

Floral biology:

.

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spikelets spreading, linear to lanceolate, up to 2.5 cm long; glumes imbricate, plicate, pale-brown or chestnut-brown, sometimes with a reddish tinge; nut trigonous, broadly

obovoid, grayish-black

Portulaca oleracea L.

It is a succulent broad leaved weed and it belongs to the family Portulacaceae.

Common name is Indian Purslane. In tamil it is called as Paruppu Keerai.

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The main stem is short and erect bearing a number of lateral branches

which lie prostrate on the ground, they grow to a length of 4-20 inches

and are green or reddish in colour.

The leaf-stalk is short. Flowers are without stalks, from 2-6 in

number and are collected together in clusters at the ends of

branches. Sepals are 2 and fleshy; they are united at the base

and are free above.

Petals are 5 and are yellow in colour. Fruit is dry, dehiscing

transversely by the upper part enclosed by the sepals, coming

off as a lid leaving the lower part in the plant.

Seeds are minute, blackish brown in colour and are covered

with concentric lines of tubercles. Propagation is by seed.

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Euphorbia geniculata Ort.

An exotic weed introduced recently and now common in

dryland, garden land and on bunds in wet lands.It is a broad

leaved weed and it belongs to the family Euphorbiaceae.

It is a annual herb with latex in all parts. Stem is round in

shape.

Leaves simple, ovate, alternate, opposite above.

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Involucre small, in dense corymbose cymes and monoecious.

Flowers combined to form a cyathium; bracteoles many,

setaceous; male Flowers several surrounding a solitary female

flower. Seeds are dark grey, truncate at the lower end.

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Mimosa pudica L.

An introduced weed form Tropical America now wild in dry, wet and garden

lands, gregarious in habit.It is broad leaved weed and it belongs to the family

Leguminosae (Mimosoideae) Common name is Touch Me Not.

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In tamil name it is called as Thotta vadi. Fast spreading, diffuse,

copiously branched, prostrate perennial herb. Stem and branches

covered with prickles.

Leaves bipinnate, digitate, leaflets 24-40 sensitive to touch,

nearly sessile, glabrous. Flowers small, pink, polygamous, in

globose heads, solitary or in pairs, bracteoles bristly; calyx

very small, campanulate shortly 4-toothed; corolla of 4 petals,

connate at the base. stamens Pod 3-4 seeded, sutures with

many spreading bristles, breaking into a number of 1 seeds

bits.

Propagation by means seeds.

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Gupta, O.P. 1998. Weed management - Principles and Practices. Agro Botanical

Publishers, Bikaner.

Rao, V.S.1994. Principles of Weed Science. Oxford and IBH Publishing Co. Pvt.

Ltd., New Delhi.

Subramanian, S., A.Mohamed Ali and R.Jayakumar. 1997. All about weed control.

Kalyani Publishers, New Delhi.

C. Chinnusamy, N.K. Prabhakaran P. Janaki K. Govindarajan. 2009. Compendium

on Weed Science Research in Tamil Nadu (25 years). AICPR-WC, Department of

Agronomy, TNAU, Coimbatore - 641 003

K. A.A. Kabeer and V.J. Nair. 2009. Flora of Tamil Nadu- Grasses. Botanical

Survey of India, Kolkatta.Previous EndNext

1. Banana crop sensitive to ------------ type of weeds. Ans : Grassy2.What is the Major monocot weeds in banana fiels ?a. Portulaca oleracea b. Mimosa pudica c. Cyperus

rotundus3. In banana cultivation grassy weed dominate the weed

ecosystem which accounts ---------- % of the total weed population followed

Ans : >60 %4. what is the tamil name of Mimosa pudica L a. Korai kizhangu. b. Thotta vadi c. Arugampullu

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