Prevention of Child Prevention of Child Abandonment Abandonment

Sofia, 3 May 2007Sofia, 3 May 2007

Rodica PaslaruRodica PaslaruNational Authority for the Protection of Child’s National Authority for the Protection of Child’s RightsRightsROMANIAROMANIA

What “abandonment” means?What “abandonment” means?

Romania - the country with over 100,000 orphans/abandoned children (’90s)

- The term included children separated from their parents, placed in different institutions, such as: children’s homes, special boarding schools, hospital sections, institutions for disabled children, but also children placed in substitute families (extended family, other families or persons)

-Very few of these children were orphans

-Many of them had families and visited them, being placed from economical reasons or in order to give them a chance to continue their studies

What “abandonment” means?What “abandonment” means?

Law on judicial declaration of the abandonment of children (Law no.47/1993):

-The child found in the care of an institution of state social or medical protection, of a private institution of legal protection legally constituted or entrusted to a natural person under the terms of the law, may be declared as abandoned by a judicial decision, as a result of the fact that the parents took, obviously, no interest in him, for a period longer than 6 months;

-By disinterest is understood the imputable cessation of any relation between the parents and the child, relations that should prove the existence of normal parent relations. The lack of interest shown towards the child may be attested by any means of proof

What “abandonment” means?What “abandonment” means?

Law on judicial declaration of the abandonment of children (Law no.47/1993)

Contributed to the corruption in the system of international adoptions of Romanian children moratorium instituted in 2001 over international adoption

moratorium instituted in 2001 over international adoption

quasi – banning of the international adoptions in Romania: Law on the juridical regime of adoption, adopted in 2004 and entered into force at the 1st of January 2005 (Law no.273/2004)

AGROGATES

What “abandonment” means?What “abandonment” means?

Law on the protection and promotion of child’s rights -Child’s Law (Law no.272/2004), adopted in 2004 and entered into force at the 1st of January 2005

- replaces the word “abandonment” with “children left” by their mother/parents or “children separated from their parents”.

- the word “abandoned” can still be found in the text of the law

What “abandonment” means?What “abandonment” means?

UNICEF Report “The situation of child abandonment in Romania” - January 2005:

-9,000 babies “abandoned” in maternities and hospital units each year (2003 and 2004)

National Authority for the Protection of Child’s Rights (NAPCR):

-5,130 children left in hospital units in 2003, out of which, 2,512 were re-integrated in their biological families;

- 4,614 children left in hospital units in 2004, out of which, 2,389 were re-integrated in their biological families

What “abandonment” means?What “abandonment” means?

The UNICEF report:

-important from the perspective of the observance of the child’s right to get an identity as well as of the child’s right to know his/her parents and to be raised and educated by them

- brought to the attention of the authorities the need to intensify their efforts to address this phenomenon

Prevention measures and interventionsPrevention measures and interventions

Recommendations of the working group set up by the High Level Group constituted the basis of an action plan for prevention of child abandonment adopted by the Government in March 2007 and include: - focusing the prevention programs towards the regions and categories of population with increased risks of abandonment;-setting up a coherent reporting and monitoring system as regards the abandonment and the risk of abandonment;-hiring social workers in all sanitary units depending on the number of doctors existing in the unit;-hiring community medical assistants and physicians in all the communities presenting increased risks of abandonment;-standardizing the written forms and the procedures of registering women which get admitted in maternities in order to give birth;-elaborating procedures for keeping records of mothers and children without identity papers and creating a database on this matter

    

 

Prevention measures and interventionsPrevention measures and interventions

Child’s Law already contained detailed provisions concerning the establishment of children’s identity and the identification of the parents of the abandoned children:

-implementation of the law was needed

- Action Plan for the implementation of the law adopted in September 2005, setting responsibilities for several central public authorities, as well to local public authorities with a view to ensure the observance of children’s rights through practical measures.

Prevention measures and interventionsPrevention measures and interventions

Medical and social assistance staff are obliged to report cases in which pregnant women and children have no identity papers (art.

13 (1))

Medical institutions with a maternity or pediatric unit are obliged to employ a social worker (or a person with this responsibility)

Police units are obliged to appoint a policeman to take care of registering the birth

Action to be taken in cases of child abandonment

(1) Issue a medical record of birth within 24 hours (doctor).(2) Report birth to the GDSACP and police within 24 hours of the mother’s dissapearance (medical institution).(3) Within 5 days of (2), issue a report stating child abandonment, signed by GDSACP, the police and the representative of the medical institution to allow for the child’s immediate placement by the GDSACP director.(4) Within 30 days of (3), the police must conduct specific investigation to locate the mother.

Mother is not foundGDSACP gives the child’s details to PSAS. Within 5 days, PSAS

names child (Law 119/1996) and issues a birth registration declaration

GDSACP provides care for the child

Intervention in the case of child

adandonment

Preventionof abandonment

Mother is foundGDSACP offers counselling and support

Prevention measures and interventionsPrevention measures and interventions

Administrative measures undertaken by NAPCR during 2005 and 2006 : -monitoring the implementation of the legal provisions regarding the obligation of hiring social workers or at least persons with social assistance responsibilities in all the maternities and paediatric units; -nominating social workers from the GDSACP for this matter, where necessary; -monitoring the phenomenon by creating a monthly mechanism of reporting the nominal data concerning these children from GDSACPs and the Public Health Departments; -establishing a periodic dialogue between NAPCR and the Ministry of Health in order to find solutions for reducing the extent of the phenomenon (including Joint Order, establishing a coordination methodology between the interventions of the involved institutions as regards the preventions of child’s abandonment

in hospital units).

Prevention measures and interventionsPrevention measures and interventions

Measures undertaken by other central institutions during 2005 and 2006 :

-future modification the Law on the civil status in the sense of instituting the temporary identity (NAPCR and the National Institute for Evidence of Population within the Ministry of Internal Affairs and Reform of Administration);

- 2006 Woman and Child Health Program, including: the editing, printing and free distribution of the Pregnant Woman’s Book and training of the medical staff for using it, as well as sustaining the initiative “Baby Friendly Hospital” and the Regional Centers for promoting the breastfeeding (Ministry of Public Health)

Preventive mission of the local authoritiesPreventive mission of the local authorities

The activities aiming at the prevention of the children’s separation from their parents (in cases where there is a risk situation which, by non-intervention, could lead to the establishment of a special protection measure), are carried on, according to the new legislation, by the Social Assistance Public Services set up at the level of the local communities (municipalities, towns, communes).

In order to prevent separation, the local councils have the task of organizing day care services:

-day care centres;

-counselling and support centres for parents;

-monitoring, assistance and support centres for pregnant women facing the risk of abandonment.

Supporting the preventive mission of the Supporting the preventive mission of the local authoritieslocal authorities

National interest programs (2005, 2006, 2007) for the setting up of community based social services for children and families to prevent the separation of the children from their families and to support the reintegration or integration of the children in family.  Results of the 2005 and 2006 NIPs:-32 day care centres;-10 counselling centres;-16 pre-natal abandonment prevention services; -293 social workers or persons with social assistance responsibilities were trained and/or hired.

The total number of day services (day care centres, counselling centres etc.) currently functioning at the local level is of 236.

Supporting the preventive mission of the Supporting the preventive mission of the local authoritieslocal authorities through training through training

Training programs addressing the professionals working in the community that interact with children and parents:

2005: dissemination of the provisions of the Child Law

-86 1-day workshops for the social workers from the county and local level, attended by approx. 2600;

- 100 2 days seminars plus 96 1-day follow-up sessions for teachers, medical staff, policemen, magistrates (judges and prosecutors) and priests, attended by 1,750 professionals

Supporting the preventive mission of the Supporting the preventive mission of the local authoritieslocal authorities through training through training

Training programs addressing the professionals working in the community that interact with children and parents:

2007: training the professionals on their roles and responsibilities in the protection and promotion of child’s rights

- 41 3-days training courses for local social workers/persons with social assistance attributions, attended by approx. 1,000 persons;

- 141 3-days training courses for teachers, medical staff, policemen, magistrates (judges and prosecutors) and priests; approx. 4,000 participants

Supporting the preventive mission of the Supporting the preventive mission of the local authoritieslocal authorities through training through training

Training programs addressing the professionals working in the community that interact with children and parents:

2007: training the professionals on their roles and responsibilities in the protection and promotion of child’s rights

-specific manuals for each of the six professional groups;

-teaching manuals, including all the power point presentations, case studies, role-plays and other useful materials;

-posters and brochures

Supporting the preventive mission of the Supporting the preventive mission of the local authoritieslocal authorities through training through training

Supporting the preventive mission of the Supporting the preventive mission of the local authoritieslocal authorities through training through training

Supporting the preventive mission of the Supporting the preventive mission of the local authoritieslocal authorities through training through training

Supporting the preventive mission of the Supporting the preventive mission of the local authoritieslocal authorities through trainingthrough training

Training programs addressing the professionals working in the community that interact with children and parents: seeking to ensure the sustainability

- training courses organized at the county level;- local trainers prepared;- large-scale dissemination of the training materials;- approaching the universities

Supporting the preventive mission of the Supporting the preventive mission of the local authoritieslocal authorities through trainingthrough training

Future programs:

- unique training materials at the national level;- lots of specialists involved in their elaboration;- materials should be clear, concise, and specific to each professional category.

Prevention of child abandonmentPrevention of child abandonment

Thank you!