Preventing Cancer with Healthy Life Styles
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Transcript of Preventing Cancer with Healthy Life Styles
Preventing Cancer with Healthy Life Styles
Li-Fen L. Chang, M.D., Ph.D.
Radiation Oncology
SOMC Cancer Center
Estimated US Cancer Cases*
*Excludes basal and squamous cell skin cancers and in situ carcinomas except urinary bladder.Source: American Cancer Society.
Men766,860
Women678,060
32% Breast
12% Lung and bronchus
11% Colon and rectum
6% Uterine corpus
4% Non-Hodgkin lymphoma
4% Melanomaof skin
3% Ovary
3% Thyroid
2% Urinary bladder
2% Pancreas
21% All Other Sites
Prostate 33%
Lung and bronchus 13%
Colon and rectum 10%
Urinary bladder 7%
Melanoma of skin 5%
Non-Hodgkin4% lymphoma
Kidney 3%
Leukemia 3%
Oral Cavity 3%
Pancreas 2%
All Other Sites 17%
Estimated US Cancer Deaths*
ONS=Other nervous system.Source: American Cancer Society,
Men289,550
Women270,100
27% Lung and bronchus
15% Breast
10% Colon and rectum
6% Ovary
6% Pancreas
4% Leukemia
3% Non-Hodgkin lymphoma
3% Uterine corpus
2% Multiple myeloma
2% Brain/ONS
22% All other sites
Lung and bronchus 31%
Prostate 10%
Colon and rectum 10%
Pancreas 5%
Leukemia 4%
Esophagus 4%
Liver and intrahepatic 3%bile duct
Non-Hodgkin 3% Lymphoma
Urinary bladder 3%
Kidney 3%
All other sites 24%
Cancer Facts African Americans are more likely to die of
cancer than people of any other racial or ethnic group.
The number of new cancer cases and cancer death rates for MEN are highest among African Americans.
Cancer death rates for WOMEN are highest among African Americans.
Among MEN and Women, the number of new cases of lung cancer is more than 2 times higher among African Americans than among Asian/Pacific Islanders.
*Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
Statistics (to continue)
In 2004, African American men were 1.4 times as likely to have new cases of lung and prostate cancer, as compared to non-Hispanic white men.
African American men were almost twice as likely to have new cases of stomach cancer as non-Hispanic white men.
African Americans men had lower 5-year cancer survival rates for lung and pancreatic cancer, as compared to non-Hispanic white men.
The Office of Minor Health, US Department of Health & Human Services
Statistics (continue)
In 2005, African American men were 2.4 times as likely to die from prostate cancer, as compared to non-Hispanic white men.
In 2005, African American women were 10% less likely to have been diagnosed with breast cancer, however, they were 34% more likely to die from breast cancer, as compared to non-Hispanic white women.
African American women are twice as likely to have been diagnosed with stomach cancer, and they are 2.4 times as likely to die from stomach cancer, as compared to non-Hispanic white women.
Cancer PreventionDo not using tobacco products: tobacco causes cancer of many sites!Lung ThroatMouthNasopharyngealEsophagusStomachBladderPancreasLiverCervixAcute myeloid leukemia
Cancer Prevention
Choosing foods with less fat and eating more vegetables, fruits, and whole grains:
Obesity is associated with colon, breast, endometrial, Ovarian,and possibly other cancers.
Cancer Prevention
Avoiding excessive alcohol drinking: Excessive alcohol consumption is associated with increased risk of oral,
esophageal,
breast,
and other cancers.
Cancer Prevention
Exercising regularly and maintaining a lean weight: Physical inactivity is associated with increased risk of colon, breast, Gynecologic,and possibly other cancers.
Cancer PreventionAvoiding the harmful rays of the sun, using sunscreen, and wearing clothing that protects the skin: skin cancer.Fair skinned,
lots of moles,
relative has had melanoma or other skin cancer
common signs and symptoms of cancer
new mole or an obvious change in the appearance of an existing wart or mole
Cancer PreventionAvoiding exposure to ionizing radiation and ultraviolet radiation, certain occupational and chemical exposures: radon,
asbestos (mesothelioma), chemical dye (bladder cancer)
Cancer PreventionAvoid infectious agents: human
papillomavirus (HPV), hepatitis B and C (HepB and HepC), and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), increase the risk of some types of cancer:
Cervical cancer,
oral cancer,
lymphoma,
liver cancer
Kaposis Sarcoma
common signs and symptoms of cancer
new thickening or lump in the breast or any other part of the body
Monthly self breast exam
Clinical breast exam
Self testicular exam
common signs and symptoms of head and neck, lung cancer Nagging cough or
hoarseness Unhealing mouth sore Persistent sore throat Nose bleed Chest pain Cough up blood Short of breath
common signs and symptoms of GI or GU cancer changes in bowel or
bladder habits Tarry stool Fresh blood in stool
or urine Lost of bowel or
bladder control Urination problem
common signs and symptoms of cancer persistent indigestion
or difficulty swallowing
“bloating” feeling New lump or nodules Night sweat
Why is cancer screening important? Treatment is often more effective when cancer is detected early. Screening exams, such as
Sigmoidoscopy/colonoscopy or the fecal occult blood test,
mammography,
Pap test,
PSA
can detect precancerous conditions, which can be treated before they turn into invasive cancer.