Preventing Amputations

© Business & Legal Reports, Inc. 0706

Session ObjectivesYou will be able to:•Identify the amputation hazards of different

types of machinery•Understand OSHA’s machine safety

requirements•Recognize different types of guards and

safety devices•Take proper precautions to prevent injuries


What You Need to Know•Types of machines with amputation hazards•Specific machine hazards•Guarding requirements•Safe work practices•Maintenance and repair rules•Inspection procedures


OSHA Requirements•OSHA standards•National Emphasis Program on Amputations•Machine safety stressed with citations from

OSHA for noncompliance


Four Primary Types of Machines•Power presses

and saws•Shears•Slicers


Other Machines•Bending, rolling,

shaping machinery•Boring, drilling, milling,

planing machinery•Conveyors•Food processing and

packaging machinery•Grinding and polishing

machinery•Printing machinery


Point of Operation•Most dangerous area

where work is done on the material

•Cutting•Punching•Shearing•Bending


Mechanical Motion•Reciprocating•Transverse•Rotation•Nip points


Guarding Requirements•Prevent contact•Be secured to

machinery•Protect from falling

objects•Create no additional

hazards•Allow for safe

lubrication•Cause no interference

with production


Guarding Types•Fixed guards•Interlocked guards•Adjustable guards•Self-adjusting guards

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Safety Devices•Light curtains•Two-hand controls•Pressure-sensitive

devices•Restraints and pull-

back devices


Distance Guarding•Barrier guards•Automatic feeding and ejection systems•Manual feed systems•Mechanical ejectors


Amputations: General Hazards and Guarding•Do you understand the

information presented in the previous slides?


Saws—Hazards•Table and radial arm

saws•Handheld, chop, miter,

and band saws•Point of operation—

blade•Power transmitting unit

—nip points


Saws—Guards•Self-adjusting guards for the blade•Push sticks or other tools•Alternate fixed blade guards•Spreaders or antikickback fingers•Additional fixed guards for moving parts


Shears—Hazards•Mechanically driven

ram moves the blade• Squaring shears cut sheet

metal• Alligator shears cut metal

stock• Guillotine shears cut

paper, plastic•Primary hazard is point

of operation•Other areas hazardous

also


Shears—Guards•Feed/eject systems•Feeding tools•Interlocked guards•Presence-sensing devices•Two-hand controls•Restraints or pull-back devices


Slicers—Hazards•Meat and food slicers

are most common•Most amputations

occur in the restaurant and grocery industry

•Primary hazard is point of operation

•Operator pushes food through the blade


Slicers—Guards•Blade is typically

unguarded•Adjust thickness

to zero when slicer not in use

•Use a guiding tool•Unplug when cleaning

or clearing jams


Power Presses—Hazards•Punch, shear, and form

metal and other materials

•Point of operation— materials manually fed

•Reciprocating motion of ram

•Power transmission units


Power Presses—Guards•Feed/eject systems•Interlocked guards•Light curtains•Two-hand controls•Pressure-sensitive

devices•Fixed guards—

reciprocating motion and power transmission


Amputations: Specific Hazards and Guarding•Do you understand the

information presented in the previous slides?


Safe Work Practices to Prevent AmputationsYou should be able to:•Identify machine hazards•Understand the function of machine guards

and safety devices•Identify personnel who are authorized to

remove guards


Safe Work Practices to Prevent Amputations (cont.)

You should also:•Know how to report damaged, missing,

or inadequate guards•Understand risks of circumventing guards •Know how to inspect machines and guards

before use•Know and follow machine-related safety

rules


Maintenance and Repair•Only remove guards

for maintenance or repair

•Lock out machine before removing guard

•Lock out before clearing a machine jam

•De-energize before changing dies or tools

Image Credit: WA State Department of Labor and IndustriesImage Credit: WA State Department of Labor and Industries


Machine Hazard Assessment•Initial machine

assessment•Annual guarding

assessment•Post-injury evaluation•Daily machine

inspections


Key Points to Remember•Many machines in the workplace have

hazards that can cause amputations•Keep hands away from the point of

operation•Guard mechanical motion•Inspect all machines before use•Never use a machine without proper

guarding•Follow safe work practices

Preventing Amputations

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