Preterite tense verbs Explanation and conjugations.
-
Upload
maria-elena-hidalgo-quintero -
Category
Documents
-
view
242 -
download
0
Transcript of Preterite tense verbs Explanation and conjugations.
Preterite tense verbs
Explanation and conjugations
Preterite Tense NotesPreterite tense•The preterite is used for a past action that is completed. Treat the preterite tense as a word ending in the letters -ED.
How to form regular verbs:
1: drop the infinitive ending (-ar, -er, -ir)2: add the appropriate endings to match the subject.-ar verb endings -er /-ir endings
éaste
ó
amos
aronasteis
íisteió
imosisteis
ieron
Note: the nosotros forms for -ar and -ir verbs are the same in both preterite and present tenses: hablamos, vivimos. Context gives us the clues to know which tense is being used.
ConversaciónYour partner asks if you did each of
these actions yesterday. Respond yes and add a sentence about how it was
(ie. "it was fun")• comer en un
restaurante• enviar textos• tomar el tren• escribir un ensayo
• leer un libro• ver una película• trabajar• visitar la familia
Spelling Changes in the PreteritChanges for sound•In order to preserve the sound of the infinitive verb, some verbs change spelling in a few forms in the preterite tense. • "Yo" form changes only:– Verbs that end in -gar change g to gué
Verbs that end in -car change c to quéVerbs that end in -zar change z to cé
Ayer, yo tocé el piano
Ayer, yo tocé el pianotoquétoqué
Jugar
jugué jugamos
jugaste
jugó jugaron Buscar
busqué buscamos
buscaste
buscó buscaronEmpezar
empecé empezamos
empezaste
empezó empezaron
Spelling Changes, continued• For ER/IR verbs that end in two vowels before
the R (ie "leer" or "contribuir"), some the 3rd and 5th forms will conjugate with 3 vowels in a row• This is not usually allowed in Spanish, so
the "i" is changed into a "y":Leer
Leí Leimos
Leiste Leisteis
Leyó Leyeron
7
Listening practice1. Hola, amigo. ¿Recibiste las notas del primer
semestre?2. Sí, nos las pasaron en la segunda clase.3. ¿Y sacaste buenas notas?4. Sí, en todos menos la clase de Profe Brown. Él me
marcó muy mal.5. ¿Hablaste con él?6. Sí, unos otros estudiantes y yo fuimos a su oficina
para preguntarle por qué.7. ¿Y qué les contestó?8. Que no estudiamos suficientemente para el
examen.9. Ay, sí. Yo también fracasé en éste.10. Sí, fue horrible.
Stem changers in the preterite•-ar and -er verbs that change their stem in the present tense do not change in the preterite. They are conjugated just like other regular preterite verbs.
Soñar - to dream
Soñé Soñamos
Soñaste Soñasteis
Soñó Soñaron
Devolver - to return
Devolví Devolvimos
Devolviste
Devolvisteis
Devolvió Devolvieron
Stem changers in the preterite• -ir verbs that change their stem in the present tense
do change in the preterite. However, they make different changes in the preterite:• If they change o-UE in the present, they change o-u in
the preterite. This change only occurs in the él and ellos forms.
Dormir - PRESENT
duermo Dormimos
Duermes
Duerme Duermen
Dormir - PRETERITE
Dormí Dormimos
Dormiste
Durmió durmieron
Stem changers in the preterite•If they change e-ie or e-i in the present, they change e-i in the preterite. This change only occurs in the él and ellos forms.
Mentir - PRESENT
miento mentimos
mientes
miente mienten
Mentir - PRETERITE
mentí mentimos
mentiste
mintió mintieron
Irregular Verbs in the PreteriteAlternate endings•Some verbs, because of their short length, take alternate endings• ser / ir• dar (takes -er endings)
Irregular Verbs in the PreteriteAlternate endings• A number of verbs that are irregular in
the preterite follow a particular pattern. Their stems change in ALL FORMS, and they all take the following irregular endings:• -e -imos
-iste -isteis-o -ieron
Infinitive Stem Change
estar estuv-
tener tuv-
poder pud-
poner pus-
saber sup-
hacer hic-
querer quis-
venir vin-
decir dij-
traer traj-
Here are the irregular verbs, along with their corresponding stem changes. Remember to use the irregular endings on these verbs.
Note: One exception is the él form (3rd person, singular) of hacer. To preserve the sound, the C changes to Z to form "él hizo."
Note: A second exception is the ellos form (3rd person, plural) of decir and traer. These two verbs take the ending "eron", without the normal "i"