Preterite tense mine

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THE PRETERITE TENSE A simple past tense in Spanish

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Spanish Preterite Tense

Transcript of Preterite tense mine

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THE PRETERITE TENSE

A simple past tense in Spanish

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What is the preterite tense?

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The preterite is a simple past tense

in Spanish.

It is used for:

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An action completed in the past

Ayer le escribí una carta a mi mamá.

Yesterday I wrote a letter to my mom.

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An action viewed as a single event in the past

Ellos llegaron a las ocho.

They arrived at 8:00.

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Actions that were repeated a specific number of times

Anteayer llamé a mi novio tres veces.

The day before yesterday I called my boyfriend three times.

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Actions that occurred during a specific period

of timeNosotros trabajamos en la librería

por dos años.

We worked at the bookstore for two years.

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Actions that were a part of a chain of events

Ella se levantó, se vistió, y salió de la casa.

She got up, got dressed, and left the house.

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Stating the beginning or end of an action.

Empezó a nevar a las cuatro de la tarde.

It began to snow at 4:00 p.m.

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How is the preterite formed?

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For regular -AR Verbsdrop the -AR and add the

following:Yo é

Tú aste

Usted ó El óElla ó

Nosotros amosNosotras amos

Ustedes aronEllos aronEllas aron

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For Regular -ER or -IR Verbsdrop the -ER or -IR and add the

following:

Yo í

Tú iste

Usted ió El ióElla ió

Nosotrosimos

Nosotrasimos

Ustedes ieron

Ellosieron

Ellasieron

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Ser (to be) and Ir (to go) are irregular and have the same

conjugation:Yo fui

Tú fuiste

Usted fueEl fueElla fue

Nosotros fuimosNosotras fuimos

Ustedes fueronEllos fueronEllas fueron

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Dar (to give) is irregular:

Yo di

Tú diste

Usted dio El dioElla dio

Nosotros dimosNosotras dimos

Ustedes dieronEllos dieronEllas dieron

(*It is the only –AR verb that takes –ER/-IR endings, but with NO accent marks!!)

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Ver is a companion verb to Dar

•It also takes –ER/-IR endings (okay, it is an –ER verb!) but WITHOUT the

accent marks!!!

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Ver – to see

Yo vi

Tú viste

Usted vio El vioElla vio

Nosotros vimosNosotras vimos

Ustedes vieronEllos vieronEllas vieron

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Verbs that end with –CAR, -GAR & -ZAR will take

spelling changes in the ‘YO’ form!!

C→QU

G→GU

Z→C

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-CAR verbs have an irregular yo.

Buscar (to look for) is an example:

Yo busqué

Tú buscaste

Usted buscó El buscóElla buscó

Nosotros buscamosNosotras buscamos

Ustedes buscaronEllos buscaronEllas buscaron

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-GAR verbs have an irregular yo. Jugar (to play) is an

example:Yo jugué

Tú jugaste

Usted jugó El jugóElla jugó

Nosotros jugamosNosotras jugamos

Ustedes jugaronEllos jugaronEllas jugaron

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-ZAR Verbs have an irregular yo.

Empezar (to begin) is an example:

Yo empecé

Tú empezaste

Usted empezó El empezóElla empezó

Nosotros empezamosNosotras empezamos

Ustedes empezaronEllos empezaronEllas empezaron

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-AR and -ER verbs that change their stem in the

present tense do not change in the preterite.

They are conjugated just like other regular preterite verbs.

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IR verbs that change their stem in the present tense do change in the preterite, but

in a different way.

•They change only in the él and ellos forms.

•The changes are e→i and o→u.

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Dormir (o-ue) (to sleep) is an example of this rule:

Yo dormí

Tú dormiste

Usted durmió El durmióElla durmió

Nosotros dormimosNosotras dormimos

Ustedes durmieronEllos durmieronEllas durmieron

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Another example is preferir (e-ie)

(to prefer):Yo preferí

Tú preferiste

Usted prefirió El prefirióElla prefirió

Nosotros preferimosNosotras preferimos

Ustedes prefirieronEllos prefirieronEllas prefirieron

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And finally, Sentir (e-ie)(to feel, regret, be sorry):

Yo sentí

Tú sentiste

Usted sintió El sintióElla sintió

Nosotros sentimosNosotras sentimos

Ustedes sintieronEllos sintieronEllas sintieron

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•The él,/ella/usted form uses the ending yó (rather than ió).

Verbs that end in -AER, -EER, -OIR and -UIR.

•The third person plural uses the ending yeron (rather than ieron). •The remaining forms gain a written accent over the letter i.

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Some examples of these verbs are:

•Caer

•Oír

•Destruir •Leer

•Construir

•Creer

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Leer (to read) looks like this in the preterite tense.

Yo leí

Tú leíste

Usted leyó El leyóElla leyó

Nosotros leímosNosotras leímos

Ustedes leyeronEllos leyeronEllas leyeron

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El Fin