President Richard Nixon says farewell to members of his cabinet and staff in the White House East...
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Transcript of President Richard Nixon says farewell to members of his cabinet and staff in the White House East...
![Page 1: President Richard Nixon says farewell to members of his cabinet and staff in the White House East Room following his resignation (August 9, 1974). NEXT.](https://reader038.fdocuments.net/reader038/viewer/2022103122/56649d025503460f949d54f9/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
President Richard Nixon says farewell to members of his cabinet and staff in the White House East Room following his resignation (August 9, 1974).
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President Nixon governs a divided nation, the Watergate scandal causes a political crisis, and Presidents Ford and Carter attempt to solve the nation’s problems.
Years of Doubt,1969–1981
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SECTION 1
SECTION 2
SECTION 3
Nixon Confronts Problems
Watergate Brings Down Nixon
Issues of the Seventies
Years of Doubt,1969–1981
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President Richard M. Nixon faces the challenge of governing a deeply divided America.
Section 1
Nixon Confronts Problems
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A Divided America
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• President Richard M. Nixon wants to focus on foreign policy
1SECTION
• Faces U.S. torn apart by inflation, racial issues, Vietnam
Nixon Confronts Problems
• Wants to cut running of U.S. government, states do more activities
• Vetoes Democratic bills, cuts education funds, low-income housing
• Revenue sharing—U.S. returns tax money to state, local governments
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1SECTION
• President Nixon promises to end social unrest, restore law, order
• Directs CIA, FBI to investigate his political enemies
• Wants U.S. government crackdown to reduce crime, protests
• Appoints 4 conservative justices to Supreme Court, wants them to:- have strict interpretation of law to reduce
crime
Law-and-Order Politics
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1SECTION
• Under President Johnson, government spends a lot, does not raise taxes
• Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC)—Arab-run group
• Nixon cuts spending, stops wage, price increases, inflation drops briefly
• Causes recession, inflation, unemployment increases
• OPEC raises prices, cuts oil to U.S. to protest U.S. support of Israel
A Troubled Economy
• U.S. gas prices quadruple, inflation, unemployment soar
Map
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Nixon Eases the Cold War
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1SECTION
• Nixon’s main foreign-policy goal is world stability
• Visit opens diplomacy, trade with Chinese
• Nixon’s advisor Henry Kissinger arranges Nixon visit to China (1972)
• Soviets invite Nixon to Moscow, Soviet/American relations improve
• U.S., Soviets sign Strategic Arms Limitation Treaty (SALT): - limits each country’s nuclear weapons
• Détente— French word, easing of tension between rivals
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Nixon’s involvement in the Watergate scandal causes a political crisis that forces him to resign.
Section 2
Watergate Brings Down Nixon
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The 1972 Presidential Election
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2SECTION
• Diplomatic successes give Nixon Republican nomination for reelection
• Nixon easily defeats McGovern for president
• Nixon’s Democratic opponent is liberal senator George McGovern
Watergate Brings Down Nixon
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The Watergate Scandal
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2SECTION
• People working for Nixon engage in illegal activities
• Nixon, aids break law to cover up Watergate, want to avoid scandal
• 5 men caught breaking into Democratic headquarters, Watergate office: - linked to Nixon’s Committee to Reelect
the President
• Senate begins investigating Watergate (February 1973)
• Nixon, aids cover up of Watergate, other crimes—Watergate scandal
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Nixon Resigns
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2SECTION
• Senate Watergate investigation closes in on president’s advisors:- H.R. Haldeman- John Ehrlichman- John Mitchell- John Dean
• President Nixon pays illegal “hush money” to keep burglars quiet
• Dean claims Nixon involved in cover-up, Nixon denies
Continued . . .
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2SECTION
• White House aid claims Nixon taped incriminating conversations
• Vice-president Agnew accepts bribes, Gerald Ford named vice-president
continued Nixon Resigns
• Watergate committee approves impeachment charges of Nixon
• Nixon releases tapes, hard evidence, Nixon resigns (Aug. 9, 1974)
• Vice-president Gerald Ford sworn in as president
• Watergate causes many Americans to lose faith in government, leaders
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Section 3
Issues of the SeventiesPresidents Ford and Carter have a difficult time solving the nation’s problems after Watergate.
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Ford Takes Over
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• President Ford wants to restore confidence in the presidency
3SECTION
• Pardons Nixon, popularity drops, economic plan fails
• Negotiates Helsinki Accords with European nations, Canada which: - spells out basic human rights for citizens
of signer nations
Issues of the Seventies
• Ford loses presidential election to Democrat Jimmy Carter (1976)
• Carter promises honesty in government, support for human rights
Chart
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Carter as President
3SECTION
• President Carter shows he is one of the people, political outsider
• Carter sets up treaties that give Panama Canal to Panama in 2000
• National energy plan gets little support, fails to help economy
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• Negotiates Camp David Accords (1978):- Egypt, Israel sign 1st peace treaty between
Israel, Arab nation- ends 30 years of conflict
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The Environmental Movement Begins
3SECTION
• Environmentalism—work to protect environment, gets much notice, 1960s
• Nixon, Ford, Carter all propose environmental laws, help environment
• In 1969, a huge oil spill increases cry for tougher environmental laws
• Biologist Rachel Carson writes about dangers of pesticides (1962)
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• Accident at Three Mile Island nuclear power plant, disaster averted
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Reagan and the Conservatives Win
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3SECTION
• Muslims overthrow Shah of Iran, Shah comes to U.S. for medical reasons
• Poor economy, hostage crisis make Carter unpopular
• Carter’s negotiations with Iran’s leader for release of hostages fails
• Angry about Shah, Iranians take 52 U.S. hostages—Iran hostage crisis
• Republican Ronald Reagan wins presidential election (1980)
• Carter wins release of hostages who leave Iran day Reagan inaugurated
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