Presented by: Tommy Carpenter Computer science University of Waterloo
description
Transcript of Presented by: Tommy Carpenter Computer science University of Waterloo
PRESENTED BY:TOMMY CARPENTERCOMPUTER SCIENCEUNIVERSITY OF WATERLOO
Outline
The grid has real problems• that smart grids can solve
These problems are intrinsic and difficult• so progress has been slow
Three areas where changes are imminent are solar, storage, and sensing
• examples of our work in these areas
The Grid
…is old
Post-war infrastructure is reachig EOL
…inefficient
US DOE: http://www.southeastchptap.org/cleanenergy/chp/
…poorly measured
…poorly controlledElectrons are not addressable
RealityPerception
…dirty (mostly)
…without storage (mostly)
Needed capacity
http://ieso-public.sharepoint.com/
Smart grid
Current gridRenewables/low carbonStorage richSensing richControl richEfficientDecentralized
High carbon footprintLittle to no storage
Poorly measuredPoorly controlled
InefficientCentralized
Smart grid
…but Consumers & Utilities lack incentives
Savings of 10%: $5-10/month
Utilities make $$ regardless
hence slow progress:-Demand response: only time of use pricing
-Grid storage: tiny
-Smart buildings and homes: demo stage
-Microgrids: rare
-Electric vehicles: early mainstream
-Security and privacy: mostly missing
Three inflection points
SolarStorageSensing (and control)
Storage research, investment growthGlobal investment to reach $122 Billion by 2021 – Pike Research
LiON Declining. $600 down to <$200
Largest change: EVs Some grid storage
Sensing & Control
Michigan Micro Mote
HomeGrid Pervasive
Our Contributions
GRIDRenewable Source
ElectronsStorage
Transmission lineTransmission network
Distribution networkDemand response
INTERNET =Variable bit-rate source=Bits=Buffer=Communication link=Tier 1 ISP=Tier 2/3 ISP=Congestion control
Insight: Grid-Net Isomorphism
SSS: Solar, Storage, Sensing
Sensing: auto thermal comfort (Spotlite) - Uses ML to learn comfort levels, occupancy patterns
- Pre-heat prior to occupancy periods, lower heat afterwards
- Cooling
6 7 8 9 10111213141516171820212223242526
Time of a day
Tem
pera
ture
Sensing: preserving data privacy
App
VEE
API
App Store
Gateway
Host
-Certification and Validation -Data
collection-Data access control-Application
framework
-High density hosting
-Integrating cloud storage
Each user’s data is stored and processed (by apps) in user-owned virtual execution environments, enabling:
Data ownershipData privacyData applications
Sensing + Storage: distributed charging
1 EV = 5 homes• Creates hotspots
Real-time AIMD control of EV charging rateSolution is both fair and efficient
- Goal: fairly allocate resources during congestion periods- Our work: distributed, model free and real time via congestion signals- Prior work: centralized, perfect network knowledge, day ahead,
Solar + Storage: Solar EV Charging - Base case (no solar): try meeting all charging deadlines - If infeasible; perform fair allocation
- Integrate solar to reduce emissions while ensuring same (or greater) utility
Solar + Storage: ROI, EROEI of Solar Systems w/ Storage
-Advanced modeling of stochastic inputs, comprehensive battery model
Storage: EV ecosystem & adoption modeling
Storage: EV Sentiment AnalysisEV Ops gauged using:- Field Trials: Expensive = usually short, not many
participants- Surveys: Hard to target- But lots of opinions buried in discussion forums!
Storage: EV Sentiment Analysis
Storage (EVs): Vehicle Access networks for EV owners- Range Anxiety: long trips not possible yet. Prohibitive to ownerswithout another car.
- EV owners sometimes need access to ICEVs
- Solution: operate some form of multi pool network (a carshare)
- Can be integrated into dealership, operated by gov, community nonprofit, etc.
- Regardless of business model, sizing/managing the fleet is hard
Storage (EVs): Vehicle Access networks for EV owners
Challenge: Ensure maintained over timeDemand patterns constantly changing, non-stationary, arbitrary
Sensing + storage + solar: WeBike- A fleet of 25-30 ebikes on campus- Tons of sensors, data collection- Bikes now being deployed!
Why study eBikes?
Conclusions- We are networking and smart grid researchers exploiting similarities between the net and grid
- Currently working in 3 main areas:- Solar- Storage (EVs)- Sensing/Control
Extra Slides
Sensing: TOU pricing analysis
Current
Sensing: TOU pricing analysis
Current
Sensing: TOU pricing analysis
Current
Proposed
Solar + Storage: Cost-Efficient Energy Storage
Source: European technology platform: Smart Grids
Smart grid vision