Presented by: - POOJA SHRESTHA

What is Fusion?What is Fusion?What is Fusion?What is Fusion?

When two light nuclei fuse together When two light nuclei fuse together to form heavy nucleus, the process is to form heavy nucleus, the process is known as Fusion.known as Fusion.

Fusion Fuel!!Fusion Fuel!!Fusion Fuel!!Fusion Fuel!! Two isotopes of hydrogen, such as Two isotopes of hydrogen, such as

Deuterium and Tritium are the Deuterium and Tritium are the fusion fuel.fusion fuel.• DeuteriumDeuterium (1 proton & 1 neutron) - (1 proton & 1 neutron) -

Heavy water, which is richly found in Heavy water, which is richly found in sea water.sea water.

• TritiumTritium (1 proton & 2 neutron) – (1 proton & 2 neutron) – obtained by the nuclear reaction obtained by the nuclear reaction between neutron and Lithium.between neutron and Lithium.

Where the Energy Come Where the Energy Come From?From?

Where the Energy Come Where the Energy Come From?From?

Mass defect in nuclear reaction Mass defect in nuclear reaction gives the energy.gives the energy.

Fossil Fuel Energy SourcesFossil Fuel Energy SourcesFossil Fuel Energy SourcesFossil Fuel Energy Sources

AdvantagesAdvantages DisadvantagesDisadvantages

CoalCoal AbundantAbundant Burn dirtyBurn dirty Causes acid Causes acid rain, air rain, air pollution, COpollution, CO22

OilOil Flexible fuel Flexible fuel sourcesource TransportableTransportable

Finite supplyFinite supply Causes air Causes air pollutionpollution Produces COProduces CO22

NaturaNatural Gasl Gas

Burns cleanlyBurns cleanly Transportable Transportable

Finite supplyFinite supply Produces COProduces CO22

Fossil Fuel Reserve??Fossil Fuel Reserve??Fossil Fuel Reserve??Fossil Fuel Reserve??

World Energy Need…World Energy Need…World Energy Need…World Energy Need…

Non-Fossil Fuel Energy Non-Fossil Fuel Energy SourcesSources

Non-Fossil Fuel Energy Non-Fossil Fuel Energy SourcesSources

AdvantagAdvantageses

DisadvantagesDisadvantages

FissionFission

(Nuclear (Nuclear power)power)

Clean, no Clean, no COCO22

No No immediate immediate pollutionpollution

Waste managementWaste management Safety ConcernSafety Concern

HydroelectriHydroelectricc

(mostly (mostly utilized)utilized)

Clean, no Clean, no COCO22

Dam construction destroys Dam construction destroys habitatshabitats Geographically limitedGeographically limited

WindWind

(low (low utilization)utilization)

Clean, no Clean, no COCO22

Huge no’s of windmills Huge no’s of windmills requiredrequired Geographically limitedGeographically limited

GeothermalGeothermal

(low (low utilization)utilization)

Clean, no Clean, no COCO22

Geographically limitedGeographically limited

SolarSolar

(under (under utilized)utilized)

Clean, no Clean, no COCO22

Huge no’s of solar cells Huge no’s of solar cells requiredrequired Geographically limitedGeographically limited

Advantages of FusionAdvantages of FusionAdvantages of FusionAdvantages of Fusion Abundant Fuel SupplyAbundant Fuel Supply ( (for thousands of for thousands of

yearsyears))• Deuterium – Deuterium – inexhaustible supply from sea inexhaustible supply from sea

waterwater• Tritium – Tritium – produced from Lithiumproduced from Lithium

No Risk of Nuclear accidentNo Risk of Nuclear accident• Fuel for energy is non-radioactiveFuel for energy is non-radioactive

No Air Pollution of Greenhouse GasesNo Air Pollution of Greenhouse Gases• Reaction product is HeliumReaction product is Helium

Minimal or No High Level Nuclear WasteMinimal or No High Level Nuclear Waste• Careful material selection should minimize Careful material selection should minimize

waste caused by neutron activationwaste caused by neutron activation

Comparison of Fusion fuel Comparison of Fusion fuel with other fuelswith other fuels

Comparison of Fusion fuel Comparison of Fusion fuel with other fuelswith other fuels

Fusion, Inexhaustible Fusion, Inexhaustible energy for Mankindenergy for Mankind

Fusion, Inexhaustible Fusion, Inexhaustible energy for Mankindenergy for Mankind

Where we find Fusion?Where we find Fusion?Where we find Fusion?Where we find Fusion?

The Sun is itself a good example of The Sun is itself a good example of Fusion.Fusion.