Presented by Joël Morin to Space Weather Workshop 2008.
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Transcript of Presented by Joël Morin to Space Weather Workshop 2008.
![Page 1: Presented by Joël Morin to Space Weather Workshop 2008.](https://reader037.fdocuments.net/reader037/viewer/2022110209/56649e385503460f94b29924/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Edmonton Area Control CentreEdmonton Area Control Centre
CROSS-POLAR AIR TRAFFIC,SPACE WEATHER
&
HF COMMUNICATIONS
CROSS-POLAR AIR TRAFFIC,SPACE WEATHER
&
HF COMMUNICATIONSPresented by Joël Morin to
Space Weather Workshop 2008
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Outline
• Edmonton Area Control Centre Airspace• Arctic Air Traffic Flow Patterns• Intro to ATC• Polar Flight Challenges• How Space Weather affects ATC• How scientists can help us.
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Edmonton Area Control Centre
• Largest domestic Flight Information region in the World– 3,600,000 mi2
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Edmonton ACC Airspace above FL2903.6 Million mi2
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Edmonton Area Control Centre
• Largest domestic Flight Information region in the World– 3,600,000 mi2
• Major crossroad– Western North America Europe
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Edmonton Area Control Centre
• Largest domestic Flight Information region in the World– 3,600,000 mi2
• Major crossroad– Western North America Europe– Eastern North America Asia via Alaska
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Edmonton Area Control Centre
• Largest domestic Flight Information region in the World– 3,600,000 mi2
• Major crossroad– Western North America Europe– Eastern North America Asia via Alaska– Eastern North America Asia via Polar gateways
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Air Traffic Control’s Function
• Safe, Orderly, Expeditious flow of air traffic• In the IFR domain (aircraft flying on instruments), ATC
provides the separation between aircraft.
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Vertical Separation – 1000 feet (in most cases)
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Non-radar Lateral Separation - In the arctic, 60 nautical miles
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Non-radar Longitudinal Separation 15 minutes(CMNPS airspace)
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Under certain conditions10 minutes
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Polar Flights
• Most Challenging• Fuel-critical• Payload-limited• Beyond Direct Controller – Pilot
Communications (VHF)• Rely on relayed High Frequency (HF) Family D
in arctic (2.9 – 13.3 KHz)• Satellite communications emerging
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Polar Flights
• Most Challenging• Fuel-critical• Payload-limited• Beyond Direct Controller – Pilot
Communications (VHF)• Rely on relayed High Frequency (HF) Family D
in arctic (2.9 – 13.3 KHz)• Satellite communications emerging.
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North American Airports Anchoring Polar Flights
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Asian Airports served by Polar Flights
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Sample Polar Great Circle Routes
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Sample Polar Great Circle Routes with Comms
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Communications
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Polar Gateways
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One day’s trajectories over a fixRed Lines: GCRsYellow Lines: actual trajectories
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Things get kinda tight…
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jan feb mar apr may jun jul aug sep oct nov dec
430387
508
565591
643
718680
623 620
573 573590613
635
411
North America - Asia Polar Gateway Air Traffic by Month2006 2007 2008
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April 15, 2008 - Colour Coded
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Polar Caravan
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Situation
• Critical flights• Large amounts of spacing– 60 miles laterally– 15 minutes longitudinally ( ~120 nautical miles)
• Limited flight levels– 320– 340– 380
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Situation
• Critical flights• Large amounts of spacing– 60 miles laterally– 15 minutes longitudinally ( ~120 nautical miles)
• Limited flight levels– 320– 340– 380.
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Requested Altitude Change
Pilot passes request to
Gander Radio
Gander transmits
message to controller
Controller issues
clearance to Gander Radio
Gander Radio relays
clearance to pilot
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Then – Just as things are going well….
• Credit: SOHO Consortium, ESA, NASA
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Geomagnetic Storm
• HF Blackout– Varying geographic area– Err on the side of safety
• Satellite Feeds may be lost• Satellite relay of VHF frequencies may be lost• GPS accuracy may be compromized
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Mitigation
• We are REACTING–We don’t like to react….
• Increased longitudinal separation– Due to uncertainty of aircraft positions
• More conservative style of control– Solve problems earlier– Assume we will not hear back from the aircraft
• Reduced capacity
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How Space Weather Science can help
• Give us as much notice as possible• Graphical & geographical products• Easily & rapidly understandable by non-
scientists• Categorize:– HF blackout?– Satellite blackout? loss?
• Duration of effects
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Questions?
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Edmonton Area Control CentreApril 2008
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CZEGWith NAM airports
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April 15 zoomed