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ELA Forum 4.6.04 1
The basis, objective and content of SNEL - EN81-80
Michael Savage
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ELA Forum 4.6.04 2
The objective of SNEL is to
upgrade the existing portfolio of lifts in Europe to today’s state of
the art for safety and thereby
reduce accidents!!
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ELA Forum 4.6.04 3
Background for SNEL
• Thanks to the EU Commission the fantastic “New
Approach concept” was established in the EU for removing
barriers to trade for new products placed on the market.
• This resulted in the publication of the Lift Directive
95/16/EC.
• The Lifts Directive also makes reference to the EU
Recommendation 95/216/EC (doc. L213 page 1) to
improve the safety of existing lifts.
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ELA Forum 4.6.04 4
Background for SNEL
• After experiencing an excellent application of the Lift
Directive, the best way forward for the EU
Recommendations was considered since it is notmandatory. It was felt that an EN Standard based on risk
assessment was needed.
• This concept was duly accepted by CEN/TC10 and SNEL
was born.
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ELA Forum 4.6.04 5
CEN/TC10/WG10 which prepared SNEL included experts
from:
• Industry
• Notified Bodies
• Consumer Association (ANEC)
• Insurance Companies
SNEL (EN81-80) received 100% positive vote by all countries!!
SNEL - EN81-80
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ELA Forum 4.6.04 6
Highlights of SNEL
• SNEL is based on risk assessment
• The proposed SNEL corrective actions are based on high medium and low risk
• SNEL allows a step by step upgrading
• SNEL allows Member State filtering of requirements
• SNEL includes a safety audit check list allowing an independent check of all
existing installations
SNEL - EN81-80
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ELA Forum 4.6.04 7
EN81-80:2003
Safety rules for the construction and installation
of lifts - Existing lifts - Part 80: Rules for the
improvement of safety of existing passenger and goods passenger lifts
(SNEL - Safety Norm for Existing Li fts )
EN81-80 is now officially published!!
SNEL - EN81-80
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ELA Forum 4.6.04 8
Facts:
Existing Lifts
• Many of the existing lifts across Europe do
not provide the level of safety society
expects today
SNEL - EN81-80
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ELA Forum 4.6.04 9
Facts:
Existing Lifts (cont.)
• Individual national code development
has led to different levels of safety
across Europe
•but all countries agree that older existing lifts (e.g. pre 1997) are not as
safe as new ones
SNEL - EN81-80
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ELA Forum 4.6.04 10
EN81
series of
Standards
The Delta shall
be determined
by the National
authorities
1920 1979 1985 1998 2000 20102001
Step by step improvement of safety standards for lifts
Safety Existing lifts
EN 81-1
EN 81-
1/2
EN 81 series
EN 81
series
prEN 81-80
Difference in level of
safety country by
country
SNEL - EN81-80
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ELA Forum 4.6.04 11
Facts:
Existing Lifts (cont.)
The needs of disabled and elderly people
need to be addressed
• access to lifts
• use of lifts
SNEL - EN81-80
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ELA Forum 4.6.04 12
Facts:
Existing Lifts (continued)
• Lifts are for use by everyone, whether alone or un-
supervised
• Their safety is not in the direct users control
• Therefore they have to be independently safe!!!
SNEL - EN81-80
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ELA Forum 4.6.04 13
The series of EN81 standards for lifts was used as the
basis of today’s state of the art for safety for SNEL
in particular EN81-1/2 - Basic safetyprEN81-21- New lifts in existing buildings
EN81-28 - Remote Alarm
EN81-70 - Access and use by disabled persons
prEN81-71 - Vandal resistant lifts
prEN81-73 - Behaviour of lifts in the event of fire
SNEL - EN81-80
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ELA Forum 4.6.04 14
Scope of EN81-80
Rules for improving the safety of existing lifts with
the aim of reaching an equivalent level of safety to
that of a newly installed lift, by the application of
today’s state of the art for safety.
NOTE : Due to building design etc. it may not
be possible in all cases to reachtoday’s state of the art.
SNEL - EN81-80
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ELA Forum 4.6.04 15
Contents of
EN81-80:
4.2 Significant hazards dealt with by this standard ............................................................
5 Safety requirements and/or protective measures .........................................................5.1 General................................ ............................................................................................5.2 Accessibility requirements................................................................ .............................5.3 Requirements against vandalism................................................................ ...................5.4 Behaviour of lifts in the event of fire..............................................................................5.5 Well..................................................................................................................................
Introduction ................................................................................................................................ .
1 Scope...............................................................................................................................
2 Normative references......................................................................................................
3 Terms and definitions................................................................ .....................................
4 List of significant hazards..............................................................................................4.1 Significant hazards not dealt with by this standard ......................................................
Contents
Foreword
SNEL - EN81-80
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ELA Forum 4.6.04 16
Contents of
EN81-80:(cont.)
5.6.3 Lighting in machine and pulley room ............................................................................Clearances of machinery ............................................................................................................5.6.5 Floors of machine and pulley rooms .............................................................................5.6.6 Handling of equipment ...................................................................................................5.7 Landing and car doors....................................................................................................
5.7.1 Imperforate landing and car doors ................................................................................5.7.2 Locking devices..............................................................................................................5.7.3 Sliding doors with multiple panels.................................................................................Unlocking of landing doors.........................................................................................................5.7.5 Use of glass in car and landing doors ...........................................................................5.7.6 Automatic closing of horizontal sliding landing doors .................................................5.7.7 Fire rated landing doors .................................................................................................5.7.8 Lighting of the landing....................................................................................................5.7.9 Landing door sill ............................................................................................................5.7.10 Horizontally sliding car and landing doors with glass – Precautions against
trapping of children hands .............................................................................................
5.5.1 Protection of any accessible spaces located below the car, the counterweightor the balancing weight ................................................................................................ ..
5.5.2 Screens............................................................................................................................5.5.3 Well enclosures...............................................................................................................5.5.4 Pit access........................................................................................................................5.5.5 Pit and pulley room stopping device .............................................................................5.5.6 Inspection and emergency doors to well and access to the pit................................ ....5.5.7 Top and pit clearances ...................................................................................................
5.5.8 Counterweight or balancing weight screen ...................................................................5.5.9 Lighting of the well .........................................................................................................5.5.10 Emergency release of persons working in well.............................................................5.6 Machine and pulley rooms .............................................................................................5.6.1 Machine and pulley room access................................ ...................................................5.6.2 Machine room floor levels and recesses .......................................................................
SNEL - EN81-80
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ELA Forum 4.6.04 17
Contents of
EN81-80:(cont.)
Hinged landing doors in combination with power operated horizontally sliding car doors ...............................................................................................................................
5.7.12 Landing door fixings.......................................................................................................5.8 Car, counterweight and balancing weight .....................................................................5.8.1 Load control ................................................................................................ ....................5.8.2 Cars without doors .........................................................................................................
5.8.3 Protection against impact from power operated horizontally sliding car andlanding doors................................................................................................ ..................
5.8.4 Avoidance of the risk of people falling into the well .....................................................5.8.5 Lighting and emergency lighting in the car...................................................................5.8.6 Protection on the car roof...............................................................................................5.8.7 Strength of car roof and emergency trap door................................ ..............................5.8.8 Ventilation of the car.......................................................................................................5.8.9 Locking of emergency trap doors on the car.................................................................
5.9 Suspension, compensation and overspeed protection ................................................5.9.1 Safety gear and overspeed governor for electric lifts................................ ...................5.9.2 Ascending car overspeed and uncontrolled movement of the car with open
doors ................................................................................................ ...............................5.9.3 Protection for traction sheaves and pulleys..................................................................5.9.4 Protection of hydraulic lifts against free fall, descent with excessive speed
and creeping of the car................................................................................................ ...5.9.5 Governor rope tensioning device...................................................................................5.10 Guide rails, buffers and final limit switches ..................................................................5.10.1 Buffers.............................................................................................................................5.10.2 Counterweight or balancing weight guided by wire ropes............................................
SNEL - EN81-80
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ELA Forum 4.6.04 18
Contents of
EN81-80:(cont.)
5.14.1 Emergency alarm device ................................................................................................5.14.2 Inspection control station and stopping device ............................................................5.14.3 Communication between car and machine room................................ ..........................5.15 Notices, markings and operating instructions ..............................................................
6 Verification of safety measures and/or protective devices ...........................................
7 Information for use .........................................................................................................
Annex A (informative) Method for national implementation of EN 81-80................................A.1 Identification of hazardous situations............................................................................A.2 Evaluation of hazardous situations................................................................................A.3 Classification of priority levels.......................................................................................
Annex B (informative) Safety check list for existing lifts.........................................................
5.12.2 Electro-mechanical brake (electric lifts) ........................................................................5.12.3 Low cylinder pressure (hydraulic lifts) ..........................................................................5.12.4 Shut-off valve (hydraulic lifts) ........................................................................................5.12.5 Slack rope/ chain device.................................................................................................5.12.6 Run-time limiter................................................................................................ ...............5.12.7 Stopping the machine and checking its stopped position............................................5.13 Electric installations and appliances .............................................................................5.13.1 Protection against electric shock...................................................................................5.13.2 Over-temperature protection of the lift machine ...........................................................5.13.3 Phase reversal protection...............................................................................................5.14 Protection against electric faults, controls, priorities...................................................
5.10.3 Final limit switches .........................................................................................................5.11 Distance between car door and landing door................................................................5.12 Lift machine.....................................................................................................................5.12.1 Emergency operation......................................................................................................
Bibliography
SNEL - EN81-80
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ELA Forum 4.6.04 19
Prioritising the risks
Severity
I II III IVFrequency
Priority level
A Extreme Extreme High Low
B Extreme High High Low
C Extreme High Medium
C-D High High Medium
D High Medium Low
D-E Medium Low
E Low Low
F
Frequency (hazard cause level) :
A Frequent, B Probable, C Occasional,
D Remote, E Improbable, F Imposs ib le
Severity (hazard effect category) :
I Catastrophic, II Critical,
III Marginal , IV Negligible
Risk analysis
- 74 hazardous scenarios were addressed
and accidents which have occurred in
Europe reviewed
SNEL - EN81-80
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ELA Forum 4.6.04 20
Severity
I II II IVFrequency
Number of hazardous situation
A
B
37
C
9 37 57 N1 33 40 55
C-D
69 5 11 16 18 19 20 2731 36 46 53 68
30 44
D
1 5 7 8 10 12 13 1416 24 25 26 27 2834 36 38 39 41 4650 52 56 57 58 6364 68
17 21 23 43 45 4748 59 61
32 42 49 60 62
D-E
29 47 51 65 70 71N2
22 35 54 66 67
E
6 15 23 35 54 66
F
Frequency (hazard cause level) :
A Frequent, B Probable, C Occasional,
D Remote, E Improbable, F Impossible
Severity (hazard effect category) :
I Catastrophic, II Critical,
III Marginal, IV Negligible
NOTE 1 Numbers in squares correspond to the number of hazardous situation as listed in
table 1.
NOTE 2 For the significance of colours see table A.3.
Extreme
Medium
High
Low
SNEL - EN81-80
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ELA Forum 4.6.04 21
National Filteringand step by step
Implementation
SNEL - EN81-80
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ELA Forum 4.6.04 22
No. of
passenger
and goods
lifts
1957 1986 1979 1998
14,000
2002
BS 5655
(EN81) BS 5655 (EN81) BS EN81
BS 2655
58,000 lifts
35,000
High
Medium
Low
BS 2655 (1957)
National major code orregulation changes
6, 22, 32, 35, 42,49, 60, 62, 67
17, 23, 29, 30, 33, 43,
44, 47, 48, 51, 59, 61,
65, 66, 70, 71
1, 5, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12,
13, 14, 16, 18, 19, 20,
21, 24, 25, 27, 28, 31,
36, 37, 39, 41, 46, 50,
52, 53, 57, 58, 63, 64,
68, 69
1, 5, 27, 41, 58,
68,
17,29, 33, 47,
59, 61,65,66, 70
32, 35, 60
1, 5, 27,
41, 58, 68
17, 29,
33, 47,
65, 66
32, 35
5
33, 29
Risk
Notes:
1. prEN81-21/70/71/73 not considered (e.g. disabled, vandalism, fire recall)
2. 21,24,27,37,39,44,46,53, 68 partially applied in UK from 1957
3. Total 207,000 lifts (Approx.)
4. Number of lifts removed from service or modernised since 1957 not known
1970
BS 2655
BS 2655 (1970)
1, 5, 7, 8, 9,
10, 11, 12, 13,
14, 16, 18, 19,
20, 21, 24, 25,
27, 28, 41, 46,
52, 53, 57, 58,
63, 64, 68,
17, 23, 29,
30, 33, 43,
44, 45, 47,
48, 51, 59,
61, 65, 66,
70, 71
6, 22, 32,
35, 42,
49, 60,
62, 67
100,000 Lifts
UK Lift InstallationsExample of National
Filtering
SNEL - EN81-80
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ELA Forum 4.6.04 23
SNEL - EN81-80
Fields in risk
profile
S F
Priority Schedule
I
II
A, B, C
AExtreme
Immediate, lift has to be
stopped
III
III
C-D, DB, C, C-D
A, B
High Short term
I
IIIII
D-E
DC, C-D Medium
Medium term or together
with a major modernisation
I
IIIII
IV
E
D-E, ED
A, B
LowLong term or together with a modernisation of the related component
III
III
IV
FF
D-E, E, F
C, C-D, D, D-
E, E, F
- -
Frequency (hazard cause
level):A Frequent, B Probable, C
Occasional,
D Remote, E Improbable, FImpossible
Severity (hazard effect
category):I Catastrophic, II
Critical,
III Marginal, IV Negligible
NOTE The length of the terms is subject to national filtering, e.g. short term within 5years, medium term within 10 years.
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ELA Forum 4.6.04 24
Annex B Safety audit check list
Annex B checklist is the tool to identify the significant hazards and
identifies the type of corrective action
This checklist has been created by risk assessment
The risk analysis methodology is based on ISO/TS 14798 and the
principles of EN1050
The safety checklist addresses the 74 significant hazards and
hazardous situations set out in clause 4
SNEL - EN81-80
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ELA Forum 4.6.04 25
Yes
No
Fit lockable main switches
as defined in
- EN 81-1:1998, 13.4.2 or
- EN 81-2:1998, 13.4.2
HighYes No5.13.1Presence of
lockable main
switches in
machine room
65
Yes
No
Yes
No
Yes No
1. Fit electric equipment with
casings in accordance with
EN 81-1:1998, 13.1.2 or
- EN 81-2:1998, 13.1.2
providing a degree of
protection of at least IP 2X
2. Fit markings as defined in
- EN 81-1:1998, 13.5.3.3 or
- EN 81-2:1998, 13.5.3.3
on connection terminals if the
voltage exceeds 50 V
3. Fit a notice warning
maintenance personnel that
there may still be a voltage
present when the main supply
of the individual controller is
switched off in group
controllers
HighYes No5.13.1Protection
against electric
shock (IP2X)
Protection and
marking of
electricalequipment
64
Remarks Possible
measure to
be adopted
Protective measure(s)
(Risk reduction measure)
Priority
levelRequirement
Fulfilled Clause Items to be
checked
Nr.
Table B.1 — check list example 5.13Electrical installations and appliances
SNEL - EN81-80
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ELA Forum 4.6.04 26
Some of the benefits for building owners and lift users
• brings the safety of existing lifts up to today’s state of the art for
safety
• makes buildings more lettable
• reduces risk of accidents and claims by users
• users of buildings are safer
SNEL - EN81-80
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ELA Forum 4.6.04 27
Question:
Do you expect the lifts youride in throughout Europe and
the world to be equally
safe???
SNEL - EN81-80
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ELA Forum 4.6.04 28
I am sure you do!!!
SNEL - EN81-80
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ELA Forum 4.6.04 29
Then let’s make them equally safe byapplying SNEL EN81-80 throughout
Europe!!!
SNEL - EN81-80
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ELA Forum 4.6.04 30
Thanks to the EU Commission
vision for considering existing lifts
via a Recommendation , Europe can
make another major step forward to
improve the safety of these lifts, for
all of society, by adopting SNEL -EN81-80 !!!
SNEL - EN81-80
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ELA Forum 4 6 04 31
Thank you for your attention
SNEL - EN81-80