Interpretation of chest x-ray.

Dr/ ABD ALLAH NAZEER. MD.

CR Interpretation:

Silhouette sign.Consolidation, Infiltrate or opacity.Air bronchogram.Nodule and masses.Cavitory lesion.

Density in left lower lung field,left heart silhouette intact, loss of diaphragmatic silhouette

Right middle lobe consolidation silhouette the right cardiac border intact diaphragmatic silhouette .

Infiltrate is when your alveolar spaces are filled with some sort of fluid, i.e. transudate, exudate. Consolidation is more of a measure of the texture and hardening of the lungs. But on a CXR you can't distinguish between the two.

Air bronchogram.

Nodules and Masses.A solitary pulmonary nodule or SPN is defined as a discrete, well-marginated, rounded opacity less than or equal to 3 cm in diameter.It has to be completely surrounded by lung parenchyma, does not touch the hilum or mediastinum and is not associated with adenopathy, atelectasis or pleural effusion.The differential diagnosis of SPN is basically the same as of a mass except that the chance of malignancy increases with the size of the lesion.Lesions smaller than 3 cm, i.e. SPN's are most commonly benign granulomas, while lesions larger than 3 cm are treated as malignancies until proven otherwise and are called masses.

Pulmonary nodule. Pulmonary mass.

Causes of cavitating lung lesions.

. Abscess.

. Neoplasm.

. Cavitating pneumonia.

. Cavitations in infarcts.

. Rheumatoid nodule(Rare).

Pneumonia with cavitation. Pneumonia with abscess formation.

Pathology.

Tension pneumothorax with tracheal deviation.

Causes of pneumothorax.

Spontaneous(Rupture of sub-pleural bleb).Iatrogenic/trauma.Obstructing lung disease, e.g. asthma, COPD.Infection, e.g. pneumonia, tuberculosis cystic fibrosis.Connective Tissue Disorder, e.g. Marfan,s ,

Ehlers-Danlos.

Lung nodules.

Cavitory lesions of the lung.

Multiple abscesses.

Primary T.B with lymphadenopathy. T.B RUL infiltrate with 3 peri-hilar Cavitory lesions.

T.B disease.

T.B RUL infiltrate

Military T.B.

Mediastinal lesions.

Posterior mediastinal mass.