presentation prepared by peerzada parvez nissar on industrial revolution

8/14/2019 presentation prepared by peerzada parvez nissar on industrial revolution

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The Industrial

Revolution

Presented by:

PeerzadaParvez


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What was the Industrial Revolution?

Period of time when machines startto replace work that had been

done by people.Steam and electricity replace

human and animal power.

Began in the 1800s.


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How did it start?

Agricultural Revolution

As food supply increases pop. Booms

Increase demand for goods Furniture, clothing etc

Increase in land

Cultivate larger fields

Experimentation= greater output

Ex. breeding


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Traditional Farming Methods

1. MACHINESin thepicture.

2.POWERSOURCES arein thepicture.

3.SOCIALCLASSESrepresentedhere.


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The Agricultural Revolution

What happens when

farmer Bob plants the

same crop in his field

year after year?


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Wheat

Middle Ages

Crop rotation

3 field system

Rotate Cropseach year

Nothing

Wheat

Problem Only 2/3 of

the land is used each

year

Wheat

Nothing


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Wheat

Corn

Clover

Year one = Corn,

Year 2 =wheat,

Year 3= potatoes or clover

Clover puts nutrients back in

the soil, cows love it.

Cows add manure

How about

this? Instead

of rotating

the fields, we

rotate whatcrops are

grown in

those fields.

Yum!

more cows = more

meat = more protein= better diet = longer

life = more people =

exploding

population


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Inventions that help even more

Jethro Tull and his seed drillPlant in nice neat rows.

Plants have more room to grow,more plants grow and survive

which leads to more food


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Notice the Difference?


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1500s Domestic System

People make items particularly cloth, at home.

Entrepreneurs supply them with the wool and theyspin it into thread and make it into cloth at home.

Often called Cottage Industry

By the 1700s with more food leading to morepeople, there was a greater need for items such

as clothCottage industry methods cant keep up

Need a new idea


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Crimey! A mancant even get apair o trousers

anymore!
http://images.google.com/imgres?imgurl=http://www.fotosearch.com/comp/THK/THK161/B0011945.jpg&imgrefurl=http://www.fotosearch.com/THK161/b0011945/&h=300&w=200&sz=11&tbnid=87Qzy8kjar5g4M:&tbnh=111&tbnw=74&hl=en&start=33&prev=/images?q=businessperson+clipart&start=20&svnum=10&hl=en&lr=&sa=N


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Necessity is the Mother of Invention

We need more cloth, so someoneis bound to step up and figure out

a way to make it faster.Why?

To make money.

Greed is good


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Out with the old Water power begins to be used to speed up

the process.Powers machines that can work faster than humanhands

Spinning Jenny

English Textile industry takes off. Problems - Need to set up near a water

source.Cant do this at home.

End of the Domestic System and beginning of the

Factory System still use today.


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Water powers shafts,

Shafts power belts, whichpower the machines

So, what do you think of the

working conditions?


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The Problem of Fuel1700s England

Population rising.

People need fuel for heat,cooking etc.

Traditional source of heat wood

Cut down trees for firewood.More people = more trees cut

down.

Soon, no more trees. Need asolution


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TreeHuggersAre

Sad


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More Fuel Problems

More factories opening up.

Originally use water power.

Problems:Only so much space on the rivers and streams.

What do you do in the summer when the riversget low?

What do you do in the winter when the riversfreeze over?


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Blimey!,

Theres no

room left!!
http://images.google.com/imgres?imgurl=http://www.fotosearch.com/comp/THK/THK161/B0011945.jpg&imgrefurl=http://www.fotosearch.com/THK161/b0011945/&h=300&w=200&sz=11&tbnid=87Qzy8kjar5g4M:&tbnh=111&tbnw=74&hl=en&start=33&prev=/images?q=businessperson+clipart&start=20&svnum=10&hl=en&lr=&sa=Nhttp://www.fotosearch.com/comp/IMZ/IMZ001/jba0065.jpghttp://www.fotosearch.com/comp/IMZ/IMZ001/jba0065.jpghttp://www.fotosearch.com/comp/IMZ/IMZ001/jba0065.jpghttp://www.fotosearch.com/comp/IMZ/IMZ001/jba0065.jpghttp://www.fotosearch.com/comp/IMZ/IMZ001/jba0065.jpghttp://www.fotosearch.com/comp/IMZ/IMZ001/jba0065.jpg


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The Solution - Coal

Burns longer and hotterthan wood.

England has plenty of it.
http://collections.ic.gc.ca/kingcoal/home.html


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The Problem - Water Problem:

Notice where the coal is?English coal mines keepflooding.

Solution:Get rid of the water.

How?Create a pump.

Bonus -The pump can bepowered by coal.


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James Watt creates apump that works.

Pumps water out of coalmines

YEEEEAAAAHHHH!!!!Now we can get thecoal!!!


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Importance of the Steam Engine

Invention radically transformed theworld from an agricultural societyinto an industrial one.

Moved our modern world from a 90%rural basis to a 90% urban basis.


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OK, next step getting the coal to the houses

that need it.

Copied from http://occawlonline.pearsoned.com/bookbind/pubbooks/brummettconcise/chapter98/medialib/thumbs/ch24_514.html

Coal is in the

north.

Main city

(London) is in

the south.

How do you get

coal from thepoint of

production to the

point of use?


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The First Solution

First step put iton boats.

Canals dugthroughout England

Coal shippedthroughout Britain

Powers and heatshouses andfactories

Of course it has its problemsOf course it has its problems

Barges are pulled by horses

Can only move as fast as a

walking horse


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Coals Effect on Industry

Now look whathappens:

Coal is the new superfuel.

Iron foundries use thatcoal to produce moreiron.

Factories need more andmore coal to keep up


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Enter the Rocket

Need to get coal to foundries


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Need to get coal to foundries

faster 1829 George and Robert

Stephenson use Watts steamengine and hook wheelsupto it

Creates a locomotive TheRocket.

Steam engine powered by coal.

Rides along on iron rails Now they can use trains to

transport the coal to London evenfaster.


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Long Term Effects We Will See

British Empire ExpandingColonies in Africa, Middle East, India and Asia.

British Navy

using Watts steam engine and Fulton's ideas

steam powered warships

Telegraphs enable British to send messages quicklyaround their empire.

Always know what is happening around their empire

Ships can travel throughout the empire more quickly.

BUT they need coaling stations every few hundred miles

Colonies develop from coaling stations


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Some Fringe Benefits

Coal gas used to light street lights

Cities not as dark anymore

Factories can work longer Make more stuff

No longer work from Sunrise to Sunset Now we work according to the clock

The whole cycle feeds off of itself


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So, here is the question:

Why did it start in Britain and not somewhereelse in Europe?

Why not France, or Germany or Austria or Italy or

Russia? British had many advantages

Stable Government

government Laissez Faire policies provide easy chancefor industries to grow

growing population plenty of resources

overseas colonies which will provide British with a marketfor goods (mercantilism)


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THANK

YOU

presentation prepared by peerzada parvez nissar on industrial revolution

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