Presentation on Branches of Physics & Radar
Transcript of Presentation on Branches of Physics & Radar
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Branches of Physics &Branches of Physics &
RadarRadar
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Glance At PresentationGlance At Presentation
Physics & its branches
Radar & its uses
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PhysicsPhysics
The word Physics comes from a greek wordPhysikos means natural.
Physics deals with the combination of matterand energy. It also deals with a wide varietyof systems about which theories have beendevelo!ed that are used by !hysicists.
The !hysicists have divided the sub"ect of
!hysics into various branches each branchhas ac#uired a title of a full sub"ectnowadays.
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Branches of PhysicsBranches of Physics
$echanics %lectricity
%lectromagnetism
olid tate Physics 'tomic Physics
(uclear Physics
Plasma Physics
)io Physics
'stro Physics
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MechanicsMechanics
$echanics science concerned with the motionof bodies under the action of forces includingthe s!ecial case in which a body remains at rest.
$echanics may be divided into three branches*
Statics which deals with forces acting on and ina body at rest.
Kinematics which describes the !ossiblemotions of a body or system of bodies+ and
Kinetics which attem!ts to e,!lain or !redictthe motion that will occur in a given situation.
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ElectricityElectricity
Electricityis the set of !hysical!henomena associated with the !resenceand -ow of electriccharge. Electricitygives a wide variety ofwellknown e/ects such as lightningstatic electricity electromagneticinduction and electrical current.
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ElectromagnetismElectromagnetism
It deals with observations !rinci!les laws& methods that relate electricity andmagnetism.
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Solid State PhysicsSolid State Physics
It is concerned with the structure and!ro!erties of solid state materials.
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Atomic PhysicsAtomic Physics
This is the branch of !hysics that studiesatoms and the structure of atoms. (uclear!ower !lants 0ray machines and thesmoke detectors in your home all e,istbecause of our understanding of atomic!hysics.
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Nuclear PhysicsNuclear Physics
(uclear !hysics is the 1eld of !hysics thatstudies the constituents and interactionsof atomic nuclei.
The most commonly known a!!lications ofnuclear !hysics are nuclear !owergeneration.
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Plasma PhysicsPlasma Physics
It is concerned with the !ro!erties ofhighly ioni2ed atoms forming a mi,ture ofbare nuclei 3nuclei without electrons4 andelectrons.
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Bio-PhysicsBio-Physics
This branch studies the !hysics of livingorganisms. It is sometimes considered tobe an overla! of biology and !hysics.
)io!hysics and medicine go hand in handas this study !lays a big !art in thedevelo!ment of lifesaving machines andarti1cial limbs.
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Astro PhysicsAstro Physics
This is the study of stars and gala,ies.'stro!hysics also involves abstractconce!ts such as !redictions about thebeginnings of the universe. 5ith a degreein astro!hysics you could design satellitesor even run missions into outer s!ace byworking at (''.
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RadarRadar
'cronym for Radio Detection and Ranging.
Radar is a remote sensing techniue*6a!able of gathering information about
ob"ects located at remote distances fromthe sensing device.
RADAR is a method of usingelectromagnetic waves to remotesense
the !osition velocity and identifyingcharacteristics of targets.
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!istory of Radar!istory of Radar
Radar was develo!ed for military !ur!osesduring 5. 5. II.
The )ritish and 7 $ilitary used radar to
locate shi!s and air!lanes.
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Radar Performance andRadar Performance and
"reuency Bands"reuency Bands )andwidthThe bandwidth determines the range resolution and fre#uency agility ca!abilities of the
radar.
'ntenna8or a given gain low fre#uency antennas are larger than high fre#uency. 9ow fre#uency are favored
for
longrange search a!!lications because of the larger e/ective area associated with a given gainallowing more e/ective ca!ture of echoes.
TransmitterIn general more radio fre#uency !ower can be !roduced at low fre#uency than at high.
ReceiverThere is no clear choice between high and low fre#uencies.
Pro!agationThe attenuation at high fre#uency is dramatic. ' given raindro! has over three orders of magnitude
more scattering cross section at 0band3:;
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#ses of Radar#ses of Radar
Nautical Radars$ it is used to locatelandmarks and other shi!s+ oceansurveillancesystems outer s!ace surveillance etc.
A%iation Radars$ 'ircrafts are e#ui!!ed with
radar devices that warn of obstacles in ora!!roaching their !ath and give accuratealtitude readings.
Marine Radars$They are used to measure the
bearing and distance of shi!s to !reventcollision with other shi!s to navigate and 1,their !ositions at sea.
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#ses of Radar 'ont()#ses of Radar 'ont()
*eather-sensing Radars$ It is an im!ortant tool inweather forecasting and hel!s make the forecasts moreaccurate
Detection and search Radar$ It is the ?early warningradar@ which is used for longrange detection of ob"ects
Missile Guidance Systems$This radar is used to locatethe target of missile often !resent in $ilitary aircraft
Radar for Biological Research$ )ird and Insect radarare used fre#uently by scientists to track the migration
!atterns of animals. Air tra+c control and na%igation Radar$This radar is
used by air!ort to ensure the safety of !lanes.
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%nd of Presentation
,han .ou