Presentation on Biodiversity Conservation

8/12/2019 Presentation on Biodiversity Conservation

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PLANTS AND ANIMALS CAN LIVE

WHERE

HUMAN BEINGS ARE NOT THERE

!!!

BUT HUMAN BEINGS CANNOT LIVE

WITHOUT

ANIMALS AND PLANTS !

SALIM ALI


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INDIA HAS MYRIAD OF FAUNA AND FLORA


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CORAL REEF HAVE MORE THAN 3000 sp


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MORE THAN 115 sp of SOFT CORALS


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Terrestrial Biodiversity


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Forest Eco-System


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WE ARE ONE OF THE MEGA BIODIVERSITY

COUNTRIES IN THE WORLD


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BIODIVERSITYWHAT IS BIODIVERSITY THE VALUE OF BIODIVERSITYWHAT ARE THE THREATSWHAT ARE THE MEANS BY

WHICH WE CAN CONSERVE

BIODIVERSITY CONSERVATION

&

SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT


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Biodiversity refers to the totality of

species, populations, communities and

ecosystems, both wild and domesticatedthat constitute life in one area; or of an

entire planet(Dasman,1991)

Three types of diversity

Biodiversity encompasses the variety of all life on earth.


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1. GENETIC DIVERSITY:

VARIARION IN GENES WITHIN

A PARTICULAR SPECIES ???

2. SPECIES DIVERSITY:VARIETY OF LIVING

ORGANISMS ON EARTH ??

3. ECOSYSTEM DIVERSITY:VARIETY OF HABITATS ?


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WORLD BIODIVERSITY

PLANTS & ANMIALS : 5-10 million sp.30m ?; 100m?.(1 m animal (75% insect); 2,48, 000 higher plants, 69,000 fungi, 31,000

protozoa, 27,000 algae, 5000 bacteria & 1000 viruses)IDENTIFIED: 1.5 million sp. (17,70,000)

BIODIVERSITY OF INDIA

90,000 SPECIES OF ANIMALS

45,000 SPECIES OF PLANTS

BACTERIA-850, FUNGI-14500, VIRUS-na?


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Economic Value

Source of lively wood to billions of People

Food Fodder

Fibers, Fruits

Timber Spices

Condiments Fuel

Medicine Meat Hydes

About 100 species are domesticated to meet of foodand raw materials demand


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Memecylon malabaricum : (Leaves used to cure herpes )]


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Dioscorea sp: Tubers used to extract steroids


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Embelia ribes : Threatened medicinal plant seed used in verms


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Ecological Value

Ecological balance in the nature

Species delicately balanced

Environmental Value:Hydrological cycle

Nutrient recycle

Carbon sequestration

Green house gases mitigation

Temperature and rainfall regulations

Flood control etc.,


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Biodiversity constantly eroded since the

industrial revolution 1800

Biological diversity is being eroded as fast today as at any timesince the dinosaurs died out some 65 million years ago. Around10 millions species live on earth according to the best estimatesand tropical forests house between 50 to 90 percent of this total.

About 17 million Ha. of tropical forests an area four times that ofSwitzerland are now being cleared annually and scientistsestimates that at these rates 5 to 10 percent of tropical speciesmay face extinction with in next 30 years. Some scientistsbelieve that about 60,000 of the world 2,40,000 plant species andeven higher percentage of vertebrates and insect species couldlose the lease of life over the next 3 decades.

World Resource Institute et alin (1992).


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THREATS

1. NATURALEARTH QUAKE, CYCLONE, BLEACHING, TSUNAMI

2. HUMAN INDUCED??


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The one process ongoing in the 1990 that will

take millions of years to correct the loss of

genetic and species diversity by the

destruction of natural habitats. This is the follythat out descendants are least likely to forgive

us. E.O. Wilson (1992)

IMPLICATION OF THE LOSS OF BIODIVERSITY

Outbreak of diseasePest attacks in agriculture. Etc.,


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International initiative for

conservation of Biodiversity

International Conventions:

1971 convention on wetland of International importance

(Ramsar convention) (India became a party 1982)

1972 Protection of world natural heritage sites in Paris -

( India became a party 1987)

1973 convention on International Trade in Endangered

species of Wild fauna & flora in Washington (CITES) -( India

became a party 1976)


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National Government initiative

Wild life (protection) Act, 1972

Forest Conservation Act, 1980

Biological diversity Act, 2002

Biological diversity Rules,2004


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BIODIVERSITY ACTRioCBD: Follow up India

NBSAP/MOEF

Genesis of the Biodiversity

Act 2002.


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Conservation & Sustainable use of Biodiversity

Equitable Sharing of Benefits arising out of utilization

of genetic resource

To provide for access

1. to non-Indians through National Biodiversity Authority;

2. to Indians, intimation for collection to State Biodiversity Boards;

3. involvement of local bodies in decision making regarding use of

biological diversity

Funds at National, State and Local level for

conservation and benefit sharing

Relevant BDA objectives


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Biological Diversity Act, 2002Provisions

National Biodiversity Authority (NBA)

State Biodiversity Board (SBBs)

Biodiversity Management Committees (BMCs)

National Biodiversity Fund (NBF)

State Biodiversity Fund (SBF)

Local Biodiversity Fund (LBF)

SALIENT FEATURES OF THE


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SALIENT FEATURES OF THE

BIOLOGICAL DIVERSITY ACT

PROTECT INDIAS RICH BIODIVERSITYAND ASSOCIATED KNOWLEDGE AGAINSTTHEIR USE BY FOREIGN INDIVIDUALS ANDORGANISATIONS WITHOUT SHARING

BENEFITS ARISING OUT OF SUCH USE ANDCHECK BIOPIRACY.

SETTING UP OF NBA, SBB AND BMCs

PROTECT INDIAS BIODIVERSITY IN THEOUTSIDE THE PROTECTED AREAS.


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ACCESS AND BENEFIT SHARINGAND BIODIVERSITY ACT

CHAPTERS: II REGULATION OF ACCESS TO BIOLOGICAL

DIVERSITY(PAGE 3-5)

SECTION 3 (PAGE 3) CERTAIN PERSONS NOT TOUNDERTAKE BIODIVERSITY RELATED ACTIVITIES WITHOUTAPPROVAL OF NBA

SECTION 4 (PAGE 4) RESULTS OF RESEARCH NOT TOBETRANSFERED TO CERTAIN PERSONS WITHOUT APPROVALOF NBA

SECTION 5 (PAGE 4) ABOVE SECTIONS NOT TO APPLYCERTAIN COLLOBORATIVE RESEARCH PROJECTS.

SECTION 6 (PAGE 5) APPLICATION FOR IPR NOT TO BEMADE WITHOUT APPROVAL OF NBA.

SECTION 7 (PAGE 5) PRIOR INTIMATION TO SBB FOROBTAINING BIOLOGICAL RESOURCES FOR CERTAIN

PURPOSES.


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1. GEOGRAPHICAL INDICATION

2. AGRICULTURAL ANDFARMERS RIGHT ACT

3. PATENT ACT

ALSO OTHER ACTS RELATED

TO BIODIVERSITY CONSERVATION


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EDUCATION & AWARENESSFOR CONSERVATION OF BIODIVERSITY

WHO WILL DO THIS?1. GOVERNMENT OF INDIA2. SCIENTISTS

3. DEPARTMENTS INVOLVED

4.TEACHERS5. GENERAL PUBLIC

6. MEDIA (TV, PRINT, RADIO)


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INITIATIVES OF KARNATAKA GOVERNMENT

The Karnataka Forest Act,1963

Wild life (protection) Rules, 1974

Banning of clear felling since 1983

Banning of Green felling since 1990Karnataka preservation of Tree Act, 1976

Peoples participation in Forest Management (JFPM) 1993

Conservation of Medicinal Plant since 1993

Karnataka Medicinal Plant Authority

Implementation of Biological Diversity Act, 2002


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KARNATAKA BIODIVERSITYBOARD

Functioning from 01-08-2003

Functions:

a. Advising the State Government on matters relatingto conservation of biodiversity sustainable use ofits components and equitable sharing of thebenefits.

b. Regulating commercial utilization of any biologicalresources

Bi di i M C i


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Biodiversity Management Committee

(BMCs) Sec.41

1. Every local body shall constitute a BiodiversityManagement Committee for the purpose of promotingconservation, sustainable use and documentation ofbiological diversity.

2. NBA & SBB shall consult the BMC while taking anydecision relating the use of biological resources andknowledge.

3. BMC may levy charges for accessing or collecting anybiological resources for commercial purposes.

(406 BMCs are formed in the State).

Presentation on Biodiversity Conservation

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