Presentation: Launch of the Knowledge Hub on Health and Migration
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Transcript of Presentation: Launch of the Knowledge Hub on Health and Migration
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Launch of the Knowledge Hub on Health and Migration
Dr Zsuzsanna JakabWHO Regional Director for Europe
15 November 2016, Palermo, Italy
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Close collaboration between WHO/Europe, Italy and Sicily Region
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Assessment missions
Contingency planning
Panorama case study
2011 2012 2014
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Close collaboration between WHO/Europe, Italy and Sicily Region
Workshop for toolkit consultation
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The Knowledge Hub on Health and Migration
Migration and health multi-stakeholder
knowledge sharing platform
Scientific and capacity-building forum
Aim:Improve public policies and interventions to address the
health needs of migrants and the public health implications of migration in the WHO European Region
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The Knowledge Hub
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Collaboration and interaction between health and non-health sectors
Gather good practices, experiences, evidence-based approaches
Iimproving countries’ preparedness
Promoting people-centred health
systems
Reducing health inequalities
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Looking forward to a good collaboration with Sicily
• Similar to the extensive and close collaboration with Italy
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Extensive collaboration with Italy over decades
• Member of WHO Governing Bodies• SCRC now
• EB from 2017
• Pan-European conference in Rome in November 2015 on migration and health – migration/health strategy
• 2018: Italy hosts the Regional Committee for Europe
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Life expectancy trends in ItalyLife expectancy at birth (years), males Life expectancy at birth (years), females
70
75
80
85
1980 1990 2000 2010 1980 1990 2000 2010
European Region EU15 Italy
Source: WHO/Europe: European Health for All database
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Proportion of population aged 65 and over and birth rate
% of population aged 65+ years Live births per 1000 population
8
12
16
20
1980 1990 2000 2010 1980 1990 2000 2010
European Region EU15 Italy
Source: WHO/Europe: European Health for All database
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Mortality by broad cause, all ages
SDR, Infectious and parasiticdiseases, per 100000 SDR, Neoplasms, per 100000 SDR, Diseases of the circulatory
system, per 100000
SDR, Diseases of the respiratorysystem, per 100000
SDR, Diseases of the digestivesystem, per 100000
SDR, External causes of injury andpoisoning, per 100000
5
10
15
20
160
200
240
100
200
300
400
500
50
100
150
20
30
40
50
60
20
40
60
80
1980 1990 2000 2010 1980 1990 2000 2010 1980 1990 2000 2010
1980 1990 2000 2010 1980 1990 2000 2010 1980 1990 2000 2010
European Region EU15 Italy
Source: WHO/Europe: Mortality indicator database
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Premature mortality(064 years), by broad cause
SDR(0-64), Infectious and parasiticdiseases, per 100000 SDR(0-64), Neoplasms, per 100000 SDR(0-64), Diseases of the
circulatory system, per 100000
SDR(0-64), Diseases of therespiratory system, per 100000
SDR(0-64), Diseases of the digestivesystem, per 100000
SDR(0-64), External causes of injuryand poisoning, per 100000
5
10
15
60
80
100
50
100
10
20
30
10
20
30
25
50
75
1980 1990 2000 2010 1980 1990 2000 2010 1980 1990 2000 2010
1980 1990 2000 2010 1980 1990 2000 2010 1980 1990 2000 2010
European Region EU15 Italy Source: WHO/Europe: Mortality indicator database
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Health situation in Sicily – comparison with the European Region
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Infant mortality, life expectancy and all-cause mortality in Sicily and comparison with EU regions,
around year 2013
Indicator Sicily Comparison with EU regions (quintiles)
(2010)
Infant mortality rate (deaths per 1000 live births)
4.14
Life expectancy at birth – females (years) 83.4
Life expectancy at birth – males (years) 79.0
WHO/Europe: Equity in health project – interactive atlases, http://data.euro.who.int/equity
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All-cause and amenable mortality in Sicily and comparison with EU regions, around year 2013
Indicator Sicily Comparison with EU regions (quintiles)
Age standardized death rate (ASDR) per 100 000 population, all causes, all ages, females
705.2
ASDR per 100 000 population, all causes, all ages, males 1038.3
ASDR per 100 000 population, all causes, all ages, both sexes 967.8
ASDR per 100 000 population, amenable causes, 2064, both sexes 116.75
WHO/Europe: Equity in health project – interactive atlases, http://data.euro.who.int/equity
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Causes of amenable death Standardized death rate by residence 2013 (all ages)
GEO/SEX
Malignant neoplasm of colon, rectosigmoid junction, rectum, anus and anal canal
Malignant neoplasm of liver and intrahepatic bile ducts
Malignant neoplasm of trachea, bronchus and lung
Alzheimer disease
Ischaemic heart diseases
Acute myocardial infarction including subs. myocardial infarction
Cerebrovascular diseases
Asthma and status asthmaticus BPCO
Malignant neoplasm of breast (Females)
Malignant neoplasm of cervix uteri (Females)
European Union (28 countries) 31.29 10.51 55.15 17.83 131.87 50.08 88.68 1.38 33.52 33.19 4.03Italy 27.75 14.57 50.51 14.52 104.16 37.94 84.11 0.64 28.87 31.63 1.23Sicily 29.06 13.59 46.56 15.19 103.83 38.20 115.42 0.60 6.77 29.91 1.27
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Availability of hospital beds and human resources for health in Sicily and comparison with EU regions, around year 2013
Indicator Sicily Comparison with EU regions (quintiles) 2010
Hospital beds per 100 000 inhabitants 470.3
Physicians per 100 000 inhabitants* 705.5
WHO/Europe: Equity in health project – interactive atlases http://data.euro.who.int/equity
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Social gradient in Italy – disposable household income and life expectancy, around 2010
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Social gradient in Italy – disposable household income and amenable mortality, around 2010
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Social gradient in Italy – long-term unemployment and amenable mortality,
around 2010
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Social gradient in Italy – long-term unemployment and premature mortality (064 years) from ischaemic heart
disease among males, around 2010
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Summary of findings• Infant mortality in Sicily is high, in the highest quintile of the EU regions.• Life expectancy in Sicily is close to the average of all EU regions and is the
second lowest in Italy.• Inequalities in social determinants like disposable income and long-term
unemployment are large between Italian regions.• In Italy, the difference between the regions with highest and lowest life
expectancy is 2.5 years;• Sicily has one of the highest densities of physicians in the EU, but the
availability of nurses and hospital beds is below average;• There is considerable inequality at regional level in Italy, and health
outcomes like life expectancy and amenable mortality show strong correlation with social determinants.
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Sicily: facts and figures on migration
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Migrants arriving in Sicily through the Mediterranean Sea
Foreign citizens living in Sicily and their origin
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Maximum value
Regional average
Minimum value
Situation in Europe:Inequalities in life expectancy: declining, but gap persists
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Maximum value
Regional average
Minimum value
Situation in Europe:Inequalities in life expectancy: declining, but gap persists
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Health equity and determinants at the heart of Health 2020
Lifestyle, social, economic and environmental determinants of health
Health equity
Good governance
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Towards a roadmap for implementation of the SDGs in the European Region
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PARTNERSHIPS
Agenda 2030:Health is central to development
Health and well-being arean outcome,
a determinant and an enabler
of the 17 SDGs
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PARTNERSHIPS
Speaking one languageHEALTH DISCOURSE DEVELOPMENT DISCOURSE
Health equity Leave no one behindSocial, economic and environmental determinants Social, economic and environmental dimensionsEmpowerment Empowered peopleResilient communitiesLife courseRights- and gender-based Rights- and gender-basedWhole-of-societyWhole-of-governmentHealth in all policies Health in all SDGs
Good governance and peace-building
Resilient nations
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We are on track towards a healthier Europe
Premature mortalityLife expectancy
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Yet challenges remain
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The early years and childhood Health inequities have a strong association with material conditions and experiences
Source: Life Gets Under Your Skin, International Centre for Life course Studies in Society and Health (ICLS), 2012
• Low birth weight• Not being breastfed• Maternal depression• Having a lone parent• Median family
income <60% of average
• Parental unemployment
• Maternal qualifications
• Damp housing• Social housing• Area deprivation
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Gender inequity: longer life expectancy for women but more years in poor health
Global Health Observatory (GHO) data [online database]. Geneva: World Health Organization; 2016 (http:// www.who.int/gho/en/, accessed 20 July 2016)
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Geographic inequities Life expectancy at birth in EU NUTS 2 regions, 2007–2009
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The working years• Long durations of involuntary unemployment (three or more years)
in young men significantly predict heavy drinking and more frequent drinking at ages 2735 years.
• Those who experienced long-term unemployment before the age of 33 are more likely to report risky health behaviours than those who had not experienced unemployment, including those from more advantaged backgrounds.
• Poor mental health is more prevalent among workers with non-fixed temporary employment and those without contracts than among workers with permanent or fixed temporary employment contracts.
• There is a 50% increased risk of fatal and non-fatal cardiovascular events in those experiencing work-related stressors and this follows a social gradient.
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• There is a positive association between unemployment and hospitalization for all causes in the Belgian provinces. • There is a strong association between long-term unemployment and hospitalization for cerebrovascular disease in adult males.
Unemployment as a risk for NCDs
Belgian provinces with higher unemployment rates = higher illness rates
Equity in health project – correlation map atlas, WHO/Europe 2012
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Increasing European and international attention on reducing inequities
Income inequalities
Employment & educational inequalities
Health inequities
Good governance for equitable development
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A joint monitoring framework forHealth 2020, NCDs and SDGs
AlcoholEducational attainment
Health expenditureHousehold consumption
MortalityReducing income inequality
SanitationSmoking
Social supportTB treatment
UnemploymentVaccination
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Towards a roadmap for implementation of the 2030 Agenda
Roadmap
Consultations with experts
Consultation with civil society
Consultations with UN agenciesOnline review
SCRC
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PARTNERSHIPS
Agenda 2030:Health is central to development
Photo: Fotolia
Leaving no one behind
Health for all
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Better health for EuropeMore equitable and sustainable