Presentation An overview on non-wood forest products development in Europe by Sven Walter FAO NWFP...
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Transcript of Presentation An overview on non-wood forest products development in Europe by Sven Walter FAO NWFP...
PresentationPresentation
An overview onAn overview on
non-wood forest products development in Europenon-wood forest products development in Europe
bybySven WalterSven Walter
FAO NWFP ProgrammeFAO NWFP Programme
COFORD Seminar „Growing markets for non-wood forest products“
Tullamore, Co Offaly, 15 April 2005
Structure of PresentationStructure of Presentation
1. Introduction2. NWFP in Europe – facts and figures3. NWFP in Europe – outlook4. Forest services5. Current issues6. Conclusions
1. Introduction1. Introduction
• to raise levels of nutrition and standards of living,
• to improve agricultural productivity, and
• to better the condition of rural populations.
FAO’s FAO’s MandateMandate
1. 1. IntroductionIntroduction
Mission of the NWFP ProgrammeMission of the NWFP Programme
To improve the sustainable utilization of Non-Wood Forest Products in order to contribute
• to the wise management of the world's forests,
• to conserve their biodiversity, and
• to improve income-generation and food security.
1. 1. IntroductionIntroduction
Key areas of the NWFP ProgrammeKey areas of the NWFP Programme
• Improving methodologies
• Supporting institutional capacity
• Strengthening global networking
• Promoting best practices
1. 1. IntroductionIntroduction
What are non-wood forest products?What are non-wood forest products?
NWFP consist of goods of biological origin
other than wood, derived from forests,
other wooded land and trees outside forests.
1. 1. IntroductionIntroduction
Ants’ eggs
Cork
FodderChristmas trees
Medicinal plants
BushmeatResins
Nuts
Mushrooms
Birch sap
HoneyFoliage
Fruits and berries
What are the main European non-wood forest products?What are the main European non-wood forest products?
1. 1. IntroductionIntroduction
NWFP statistics – Caution!NWFP statistics – Caution!
• No recognized standard classification
• Incomplete national/regional coverage
• Problems of comparability
• Problems to estimate production/consumption trends
• Problems of aggregation
• Interdisciplinary topic
1. Introduction1. Introduction
Key literatureKey literature
Forest Resource Assessment, 2001
Temperate and Boreal Forest Resource Assessment, 2000
1. Introduction1. Introduction
Key literatureKey literature
State of European Forests, 2003
European Forest Sector Outlook Study, 2005
1. Introduction1. Introduction
Key literatureKey literature
Other specialized literature
2. 2. NWFP in Europe – facts & figuresNWFP in Europe – facts & figures
Ants’ eggs
Cork
FodderChristmas trees
Medicinal plants
BushmeatResins
Nuts
Mushrooms
Birch sap
HoneyFoliage
Fruits and berries
What are the main European non-wood forest products?What are the main European non-wood forest products?
2. 2. NWFP in Europe – facts & figuresNWFP in Europe – facts & figures
2.1 Nuts2.1 Nuts
Annual value: 3 billion EUR; 2 Mio t (2000)
A street vendor selling fresh roasted
chestnuts, Piazza di Spagna, Rome, Italy.
2. 2. NWFP in Europe – facts & figuresNWFP in Europe – facts & figures
2.1 Nuts2.1 Nuts
Annual value: 3 billion EUR; 2 Mio t (2000)
Main products:
• Almonds• Walnuts• Chestnuts• Hazelnuts
Regional trends:
• Western Europe• Eastern Europe• CIS
2. 2. NWFP in Europe – facts & figuresNWFP in Europe – facts & figures
2.2 Game meat and pelts2.2 Game meat and pelts
Annual value: 466 million EUR (large underestimation)
• Meat of all hunted birds and mammals• Pelt: Skin of fur
2. 2. NWFP in Europe – facts & figuresNWFP in Europe – facts & figures
2.2 Game meat and pelts2.2 Game meat and pelts
Annual value: 466 million EUR (large underestimation)
• Meat of all hunted birds and mammals• Pelt: Skin of fur
Issues:
• CIS: 1% of value but 59% of game and 99% of pelts harvested
• Significant income to private landowners and public agencies
• Unclear trends
2. 2. NWFP in Europe – facts & figuresNWFP in Europe – facts & figures
2.3 Christmas trees2.3 Christmas trees
Annual value: 444 million EUR, 43 million trees/yr (1990s)
2. 2. NWFP in Europe – facts & figuresNWFP in Europe – facts & figures
2.3 Christmas trees2.3 Christmas trees
Annual value: 444 million EUR, 43 million trees/yr (1990s)
• Major seasonal and significant export crop (e.g. Denmark)
• Forest or horticulture product?
• Trend unclear: Increased production in some countries, e.g. Ireland
2. 2. NWFP in Europe – facts & figuresNWFP in Europe – facts & figures
2.4 Fruits and berries2.4 Fruits and berries
Annual value: 349 million EUR, 211 000t (1990s)
Clusters of bright red fruits of the European mountain ash (Sorbus aucuparia). These berry-like fruits can be used for a wide variety of purposes.
2. 2. NWFP in Europe – facts & figuresNWFP in Europe – facts & figures
2.4 Fruits and berries2.4 Fruits and berries
Annual value: 349 million EUR, 211 000t (1990s)
• Main producers: Scandinavia, Albania, Czech Republic• Supply >> demand
Western Europe:
• Mainly subsistence use• Commercial collection
Eastern Europe:
• ?•
2. 2. NWFP in Europe – facts & figuresNWFP in Europe – facts & figures
2.5 Fungi and truffles2.5 Fungi and truffles
Annual value: 262 million EUR, 77 000t (1990s)
Fresh porcini being prepared for cooking and preservation in brine, prior to being sold.
2. 2. NWFP in Europe – facts & figuresNWFP in Europe – facts & figures
2.5 Fungi and truffles2.5 Fungi and truffles
Annual value: 262 million EUR, 77 000t (1990s)
• Important fungi: Matsutake, chanterelles, boletes, morels
• Increased competition from cultivated fungi/truffles
Regional disparity:
• Western Europe: 68% of value and 40% of production• Eastern Europe: 26% of value and 48% of production
• Strong demand for wild fungi (subsistence & commerce ↑)
2. 2. NWFP in Europe – facts & figuresNWFP in Europe – facts & figures
2.6 Cork2.6 Cork
Annual value: 209 million EUR, 300 000t (2000)
Harvesting cork on a large
Quercus suber tree in Portugal.
2. 2. NWFP in Europe – facts & figuresNWFP in Europe – facts & figures
2.6 Cork2.6 Cork
Annual value: 209 million EUR, 300 000t (2000)
• Bottle stoppers, floor covers, construction material, etc.
• Issues: non-wood substitutes, product quality
Producing countries:
Portugal (62%), Italy (6%)
Spain (30%), France (2%)
2. 2. NWFP in Europe – facts & figuresNWFP in Europe – facts & figures
2.7 Medicinal plants2.7 Medicinal plants
Annual value: 118 million EUR, 43 000t (1990s)
A western yew, Taxus brevifolia, is the prime source of the anti-cancer drug taxol.
2. 2. NWFP in Europe – facts & figuresNWFP in Europe – facts & figures
2.7 Medicinal plants2.7 Medicinal plants
Annual value: 118 million EUR, 43 000t (1990s)
• World market: Europe main import market (120 000t/yr)
• 2 000 European species used
• Wild gathering > cultivation (species/volume)
Trend:
• Western Europe
• Eastern Europe
2. 2. NWFP in Europe – facts & figuresNWFP in Europe – facts & figures
2.7 Medicinal plants2.7 Medicinal plants
Issues:
• Conservation (341 medicinal plants fully/partially protected)
• Substitution (e.g. Pacific yew/taxol)
• Cultivation (quality, price, demand – supply)
2. 2. NWFP in Europe – facts & figuresNWFP in Europe – facts & figures
2.8 Decorative foliage2.8 Decorative foliage
Annual value: 49 million EUR, 45 000t (1990s)
Juniperus procumbens bonsai in the shakan style (Photo taken at the Bonsai Nursery, Denver, Colorado).
2. 2. NWFP in Europe – facts & figuresNWFP in Europe – facts & figures
2.8 Decorative foliage2.8 Decorative foliage
Annual value: 49 million EUR, 45 000t (1990s)
• Floral industry (tree branches, boughs, live plans, mosses, lichen)
• Increased cultivation of most popular species
• USA/North West Province: ¼ of decorative foliage exported to Europe
2. 2. NWFP in Europe – facts & figuresNWFP in Europe – facts & figures
2.9 Honey from forests2.9 Honey from forests
Annual value: 34 million EUR, 31 000t (1990s)
Honey produced from the flowers of black locust, Robinia pseudoacacia. In Italy it is marked as Acacia honey.
2. 2. NWFP in Europe – facts & figuresNWFP in Europe – facts & figures
2.9 Honey from forests2.9 Honey from forests
Annual value: 34 million EUR, 31 000t (1990s)
• Trend: Increasing demand
• How much honey comes from the forest?
→ Total annual honey production in Europe: 518 million EUR, 350 000 t
2. 2. NWFP in Europe – facts & figuresNWFP in Europe – facts & figures
2.10 Other NWFP2.10 Other NWFP
• Resins
• Eucalyptus oils
• Fodder/forage
• Bark
• Birch sap
3. 3. NWFP in Europe – outlookNWFP in Europe – outlook
1. Collection of NWFP as recreational activity• ↑ recreation → ↑ NWFP collection• e.g. fruits, berries, fungi, medicinal plants• Increase in Western Europe
2. Commercial collection of NWFP• Decrease in Western Europe, increase in Eastern Europe• More intensive management systems (truffles, cork, medicinal plans, foliage)
3. 3. NWFP in Europe – outlookNWFP in Europe – outlook
3. Edible NWFP and medicinal plants• Western Europe: Increasing demand for natural
products• Eastern Europe: NWFP perceived as inferior or
high value products??
4. Cork• Stable and moderate growth• Product must remain price competitive and reliable
5. Decorative foliage• Strong demand and future growth in Western Europe
3. 3. NWFP in Europe – outlookNWFP in Europe – outlook
6. Christmas trees• Demand driven by population numbers• Luxury item: innovative marketing and advertising
required
3. 3. NWFP in Europe – outlookNWFP in Europe – outlook
GlobalGlobal Western Western EuropeEurope
Eastern Eastern EuropeEurope
CISCIS
NWFPNWFP 4 9214 921 3 1263 126 1 6541 654 139139
WoodWood 15 96315 963 9 8869 886 2 8952 895 3 2173 217
NWFP/NWFP/WoodWood
24%24% 24%24% 37%37% 4%4%
Total annual value of NWFP in Europe in the mid-1990s (in EUR million at 2000 prices and exchange rates)
Source: FAO/UNECE. 2005. European Forest Sector Outlook Study
4. Forest Services4. Forest Services
a) Recreation ↑
b) Biodiversity conservation ↑
c) Mitigation of climate change ↑
d) Protection of soil and water
e) Cultural and spiritual aspects
55. Current issues. Current issues
a) Access to forest resources
b) Political and economic reforms in Eastern Europe and CIS
c) Substitution
d) Product quality
e) Certification
f) Statistical data
g) …
6. 6. ConclusionsConclusions
Non-wood forest productsNon-wood forest products
development in Europedevelopment in Europe
Grading of dried bay leaves (Laurus nobilis) in Turkey
FAO NWFP ProgrammeFAO NWFP Programme
FAOFAO
Forest Products and Economics DivisionForest Products and Economics DivisionForest Products ServiceForest Products Service
Viale delle Terme di CaracallaViale delle Terme di Caracalla00100 Rome, Italy00100 Rome, Italy
Fax: +39-06-570-55618Fax: +39-06-570-55618Email: [email protected]: [email protected]
HomepageHomepagehttp://www.fao.org/forestry/FOP/FOPW/NWFP/nwfp-e.stmhttp://www.fao.org/forestry/FOP/FOPW/NWFP/nwfp-e.stm
Sven WalterSven WalterTel: +39-06-570-53853, Email: [email protected]: +39-06-570-53853, Email: [email protected]
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