Prescription for Success: Consumer Health Information on the Web
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Transcript of Prescription for Success: Consumer Health Information on the Web
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This Workshop Is Brought to You By
National Network of Libraries of Medicine, Pacific Southwest Region, UCLA Louise M. Darling Biomedical Library.
Funded by the National Library of Medicine
Infopeople Project
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Introductions
Name
Library
Position What brings you here? Are there health-related questions that you are
frequently asked?
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Objectives
Use MedlinePlus to aid health seekers to: find reliable disease-specific information find reliable drug & supplement information find hospitals and doctors find the latest health news
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Be able to identify and use: NLM and other government websites to find
answers to commonly asked health questions Websites specifically designed for California
and multi-cultural health seekers
Develop strategies for finding and evaluating health information on the Internet
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Pre-Test
MedlinePlus can help you find a local consumer health library. T FReference librarians can provide advice about health information. T FName three criteria for evaluating a health website.What is the name of the largest biomedical library in the world?
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The Patron’s Path to You
Physician
Patient
Friend/Relative
Librarian
Fibrocystic breast disease
Cystic Fibrosis
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What the Patron Says, What the Patron Means
Sick lick vomiting
Rose acre
Fireballs in the Eucharist
Sweet smiling Jesus
Cyclic vomiting
Rosacea
Fibroids in the uterus
Spinal meningitis
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The Health Reference Interview
Determine who the information is for.Use dictionary, anatomy book or medical encyclopedia first.Have patron contact health care provider if sufficient information is unavailable.Never provide interpretation of the information, or advice. Always suggest that patron contact her/his health care provider.
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From NLM & NIHAuthoritative & up-to-date informationEncyclopedia & dictionaryDrug & supplement informationClinical trial informationUpdated dailyNo advertising
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MedlinePlus en Español
MedlinePlus is available in Spanish by clicking on the “español” link.
All materials responsive to language, dietary, and cultural needs of Hispanic population.
http://medlineplus.gov/spanish/
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MedlinePlus Resources
Encyclopedia includes 4,000+ entries on diseases, tests, symptoms, injuries and surgeries, and an extensive library of photographs and illustrations.
Medical Dictionary
Health Topics
http://medlineplus.gov/
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Bookmarks
Go to: bookmarks.infopeople.org
Look for the class bookmark file. [prescription_success_bk.html]
Click on it so it shows on the screen.
With the class bookmark file showing in Internet Explorer, click the Favorites menu, choose Add to Favorites…
Notice the name in the Name: box so that you can use the Favorites list to get back to the class bookmarks for the rest of the day.
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Other MedlinePlus Resources
Drug & supplement information
News
Doctor/hospital finder
Interactive tutorials/surgery videos
Local libraries
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NLM Resources & Collaborations
NIH Senior Health
clinicaltrials.gov
DIRLINE
Genetics Home Reference
American Indian Health
Household Products Database
Tox Town
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Reliable Resources for Common Consumer Health Questions
Complementary & Alternative Medicine
Cancer resources
Lab Tests Online
Drug Digest
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Complementary & Alternative Medicine (CAM)
“Diverse medical & health care systems, practices, and products …not presently considered to be part of conventional medicine.” Source: http://nccam.nih.gov/health/whatiscam/
Less evidence of efficacy of treatments and safety.36% of adults over age 18 use some form of alternative medicine Source: CDC 2002 Nat’l Health Interview Survey
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Integrative Medicine
Combines mainstream medical therapies and CAM therapies for which there is some high-quality scientific evidence of safety and effectiveness.
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National Center for Complementary & Alternative
Medicine http://nccam.nih.gov
My daughter, who is on Zoloft, is taking St. John’s Wort for depression. Does it really work?
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Reliable Cancer Information
National Cancer Institutehttp://www.cancer.gov/
American Cancer Societyhttp://www.cancer.org
University of Pennsylvania’s Oncolinkhttp://www.oncolink.org
My mother was diagnosed with cervical cancer. I think they called it stage IIA. What can you tell me about it? Is she going to have chemo or radiation?”
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Drug Web Sites
Many drug sites are commercial ones.
Many are simply advertising for pharmaceutical companies or particular drugs.
Direct-to-consumer advertising of prescription drugs can be misleading.
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Drug Digest
Drug Library
Interactions
Comparisons
Conditions & Treatments
Interactive Tools
http://www.drugdigest.org/
Are there interactions between St. John’s Wort and Zoloft?
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Lab Tests Online
My doctor says my cholesterol is 210. What does that mean?
http://www.labtestsonline.org/
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Why is evaluation of health websites important?
How is evaluation of health web sites different from evaluation on non-health websites?
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Evaluation Issues
Increasing number of :patients accessing information on the
Internethealth-related websitesPatients believe that the web is a reliable source of information
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What Do We KnowAbout Consumer Behavior?
Consumers use search engines rather than medical portals or sites of medical societies or libraries.
When assessing the credibility, they claim to primarily look for the source, professional design, scientific or official touch, language, and ease of use.
Under observation, none checked “about us” sections, disclaimers, or disclosure statements.
Source: Eysenbach, G, Köhler, C. How do consumers search for and appraise health information on the world wide Web? BMJ. 2002 March 9; 324 (7337): 573–577.
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Five Criteria for Evaluation
Accuracy
Authority
Bias
Currency
Coverage
Each of these alone is meaningless, but together they
create solid guidelines for evaluation.
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Read URL Carefully
Is it someone’s personal page? ~ or % geocities or aol.com
What type of domain does it come from? .gov or .edu or .org
Who is the “publisher”? http://publisher/
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¡¡Evaluate, Evaluate, Evaluate!!
Scan the perimeter of the page and think about these questions: Why did the person create the page? What’s in it for them? Are they trying to sell something?
Contact informationAbout us
Now apply the five criteria
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Accuracy
Is the information accurate? Remember:
Anyone can publish on the web Many web pages are not reviewed or verified
by editors or peers Web standards to ensure accuracy do not exist
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Accuracy Example
http://www.malepregnancy.com/
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Authority
Is the author an authority on the subject? Remember: It is often difficult to determine the authorship
of web pages If a name is listed, the author’s qualifications
are frequently absent Check if the web page has the backing of a
well-established organization, institution, or agency
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Authority Example
http://members.tripod.com/~tourette13/
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Bias
Does the author bring any biases in posting the information? Remember: Web pages often are “soapboxes” Check that the author’s goals are clearly stated Watch out for the emotional “kick”…
photographs, exclamation points, huge fonts
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Bias Example
http://bseinfo.org/
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Currency
Is the information current and timely? Remember: Dates are not always included If dates are included it may not be clear if it is:
Date created Date revised Date page was placed on Web
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Currency Example
http://www.nytimes.com/specials/women/whome/hrt.html
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Coverage
Many health sites are not comprehensive. The information may be accurate but important information may be left out. Remember: How does the information compare with other
sources on the same topic? Is a better source available? Does the site have a disclaimer?
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Coverage Example
http://www.medical-library.net/
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http://servers.medlib.hscbklyn.edu/ebm/2100.htm
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¡¡Evaluate, Evaluate, Evaluate!!
“Contributes to”, “is linked to”, “associated with” is not the same as “causes”
“Doubles the risk” is meaningful depending upon what risk was in the first place
“Significant” is not the same as “statistically significant”
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More Evaluation Tips
“May” v. “will”
“Proves” - one study alone infrequently proves something.
“Breakthroughs” rarely happen.
Beware of miraculous cures.
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MedlinePlus Evaluation Resources
Evaluating health Internet information: a Tutorial http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/webeval/webeval.html
Health fraud resourcehttp://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/healthfraud.html
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Health Literacy
Health literacy is the ability to read, understand, and act on health care
information.
Source: Center for Healthcare Strategies, http://www.chcs.org/usr_doc/FS1.pdf
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Who Has Health Literacy Problems?
People of all backgrounds, especially those with chronic health problems
Most adults in U.S. read at 6th grade level, 45% below 6th grade level.
Older people, immigrants & those with low incomes are disproportionately more likely to have trouble reading & understanding health-related information.
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According to the latest U.S. census data, 41% of Californians over the age of 5 speak a language other than English at home.
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Multilingual Resources
What language group(s) does your library serve?
The NN/LM provides links to many multilingual resources
http://nnlm.gov/train/chi/multi.html
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California-Specific Web Sites
California Department of Health Services
California Healthcare Foundation What Patients Think of California Hospitals California Nursing Home Search Online Enrollment for Public Health Insurance
NN/LM/PSR http://nnlm.gov/psr/about/region/california.html
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Action Plan: Next Steps
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Post-Test
MedlinePlus can help you find a local consumer health library. T FReference librarians can provide advice about health information. T FName three criteria for evaluating a health Web site.What is the name of the largest biomedical library in the world?
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In Summary
The National Library of Medicine provides many important and reliable consumer health resources.Evaluation of unknown sites is essential.Health seekers frequently have difficulty finding, understanding and using health information.NEVER provide medical advice. Send patrons to their health care providers for advice and interpretation of health information.
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Wrap-Up
How to reach NNLM/PSR:http://nnlm.gov/psr/ or 1.800.338.7657
Funding opportunities:http://nnlm.gov/psr/funding/
Other classes:http://nnlm.gov/psr/training/
Member Serviceshttp://nnlm.gov/psr/members/