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Prepositions. Prepositions are words that show the relationship between other words.
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Transcript of Prepositions. Prepositions are words that show the relationship between other words.
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PrepositionsPrepositions
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Prepositions are words that Prepositions are words that show the relationship between show the relationship between
other words.other words.
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inin fromfrom belowbelowatat intointo nearnearbyby overover underunderforfor acrossacross afterafterofof throughthrough beforebeforetoto towardtoward above above withwith uponupon duringduringaboutabout offoff onon
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Prepositions of timePrepositions of time
At, in, for, before, during, At, in, for, before, during, after, untilafter, until
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Using Using at, in, onat, in, on
at: at: specific time of the dayspecific time of the dayat midnight, at 5:00 PMat midnight, at 5:00 PM
at six o’clock, at lunch, at dinnerat six o’clock, at lunch, at dinnerat: at: an address, a specific an address, a specific
building building or participation in some eventor participation in some eventat the local library, at a movie at the local library, at a movie theater, at the doctor’s office, theater, at the doctor’s office,
at BCCat BCC
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Use Use AtAt after verbs that indicate after verbs that indicate being or remaining in one place being or remaining in one place and not moving from one place and not moving from one place
to anotherto another
Usually he Usually he stays atstays at work. He work. He sits atsits at his desk and his desk and looks atlooks at his his
inventions.inventions.
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InIn: general times or period of : general times or period of timestimes
in February, in 1972in February, in 1972in the afternoon, in the summerin the afternoon, in the summer
in the meantimein the meantimein these yearsin these years
InIn: location inside an enclosed : location inside an enclosed area or an area with specific area or an area with specific
boundariesboundariesin the yard, in my car, in a in the yard, in my car, in a
bookstore, in the pool, in an bookstore, in the pool, in an envelope, in a boxenvelope, in a box
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OnOn: specific days and dates, : specific days and dates, holidaysholidays
on Saturdayon Saturdayon June 19on June 19
on Thanksgiving Dayon Thanksgiving Dayon my birthdayon my birthday
On:On: “one object supported by “one object supported by another object with some another object with some
surface of both objects touching surface of both objects touching each other”each other”
on that table, on the road, on on that table, on the road, on her finger, on your face, on the her finger, on your face, on the
roof,roof,
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AtAt InIn OnOnat workat work in the officein the office on the jobon the jobat the gameat the game in the crowdin the crowd on the fieldon the fieldat the zooat the zoo in the parkin the park on the iceon the iceat 2:00 PMat 2:00 PM in Aprilin April on on TuesdayTuesdayat 9:00 o’clockat 9:00 o’clock in Octoberin October on July on July 1212thth
at midnightat midnight in 1968in 1968 on May 4, on May 4, 20032003at nightat night in bedin bed on a mattresson a mattress
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More expressions with More expressions with in, on, atin, on, at
In loveIn love on TVon TVin agreementin agreement on the radioon the radioin painin pain on the phoneon the phoneon edgeon edge on the on the computercomputeron targeton target on topon topon timeon time in a cityin a cityat oddsat odds in a countryin a country
in a continentin a continent
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Use Use ToTo after verbs that indicate after verbs that indicate movement from one place to movement from one place to
another.another.
Every morning Ana Every morning Ana walks towalks to the the library, library, goes togoes to the coffee shop, the coffee shop,
and and returns toreturns to her office. her office.
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Use Use duringduring to explain when to explain when something happened. Use something happened. Use forfor to to
explain how long it takes to explain how long it takes to happen.happen.
DuringDuring the month of December the month of December people spend a lot of money people spend a lot of money and the stores are busy and the stores are busy forfor
days.days.
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Do not put Do not put toto before before homehome
I am going homeI am going homeShe returned homeShe returned home
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Position of Position of prepositional phrases prepositional phrases
of timeof time
At the beginning or end of a At the beginning or end of a sentencesentence
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AfterAfter the movies, I’ll go get ice the movies, I’ll go get ice cream.cream.
I’ll go get ice cream I’ll go get ice cream afterafter the the movies.movies.
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Prepositions of Prepositions of locationlocation and and directiondirection
LocationLocation: at, in, on, under, near, in : at, in, on, under, near, in front of, behind, on top offront of, behind, on top of
Direction: Direction: to, from, into, onto, out to, from, into, onto, out of, down, over, off, through, of, down, over, off, through,
aroundaround
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Position of prepositional Position of prepositional phrases of place phrases of place
(location, direction)(location, direction)
After the main verb when After the main verb when there is no object or after there is no object or after
verb + objectverb + object
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I saw I saw herher in the cafeteriain the cafeteria..
She is eating She is eating in the cafeteriain the cafeteria..
Put Put the moneythe money in my pursein my purse..
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Some adjectives are often Some adjectives are often followed by certain prepositionsfollowed by certain prepositions
►Afraid Afraid ofof jealous jealous forfor►Bad Bad for for proud proud ofof►Crazy Crazy aboutabout responsible responsible forfor►Familiar Familiar withwith sad sad aboutabout►Famous Famous forfor safe safe fromfrom►Fond Fond ofof similar similar toto►Full Full ofof sorry sorry forfor►Good Good forfor sure sure aboutabout
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More expressionsMore expressions(A, B,C)(A, B,C)
► Accuse ofAccuse of► Add toAdd to► Angry withAngry with► Angry aboutAngry about► Agree with Agree with ► apologize for apologize for ► apply forapply for► Approve ofApprove of► Argue withArgue with► Ask forAsk for► Aware ofAware of
► Believe inBelieve in► Belong toBelong to► Capable ofCapable of► Care aboutCare about► Care forCare for► Committed toCommitted to► Comply withComply with► Concern aboutConcern about► Confronted withConfronted with► Consist ofConsist of► Count onCount on
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More expressionsMore expressions(D, E, F, G)(D, E, F, G)
► Deal withDeal with► Decide toDecide to► Decide onDecide on► Depend onDepend on► Be disappointed withBe disappointed with► Be disappointed Be disappointed
aboutabout► Dream ofDream of► Escape fromEscape from
► Excited aboutExcited about► Familiar withFamiliar with► Fond ofFond of► Forget aboutForget about► Forgive (so) forForgive (so) for► Friendly withFriendly with► Good forGood for► Grateful forGrateful for
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More expressionsMore expressions(H, I, J, K, L, O, P)(H, I, J, K, L, O, P)
► Happy aboutHappy about► Hear aboutHear about► hope forhope for► Hopeful aboutHopeful about► Innocent ofInnocent of► insist oninsist on► Insulted byInsulted by► Interested inInterested in► Introduced toIntroduced to► Jealous ofJealous of
► Keep fromKeep from► Located inLocated in► Long forLong for► Look forward toLook forward to► Opposed toOpposed to► Participate inParticipate in► Patient withPatient with► Pay attention toPay attention to► Pay forPay for► Pray forPray for
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More expressionsMore expressions(P, Q, R, S )(P, Q, R, S )
► Prepared toPrepared to► Prepared forPrepared for► Prevent fromPrevent from► Protect fromProtect from► Proud ofProud of► Provide withProvide with► Qualify forQualify for► Be realistic aboutBe realistic about► Refer toRefer to► Related toRelated to► Rely onRely on
► Rescue fromRescue from► Responsible forResponsible for► Sad aboutSad about► Satisfied withSatisfied with► Scared ofScared of► Search forSearch for► Similar toSimilar to► Specialize inSpecialize in► Stop fromStop from► Succeed inSucceed in
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More expressionsMore expressions(T, U, W)(T, U, W)
► Take advantage ofTake advantage of► Take care ofTake care of► Thank (so) forThank (so) for► Think aboutThink about► Think ofThink of► Tired ofTired of► Upset withUpset with► Upset aboutUpset about► Willing toWilling to► Wish forWish for► Worry aboutWorry about
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Some prepositional phrases Some prepositional phrases occur with no articlesoccur with no articles
AtAt ► SchoolSchool► ChurchChurch► LunchLunch► WorkWork► HomeHome
► InIn bed bed
totoSchoolSchoolChurchChurchLunchLunchWorkWorkBedBed
ByBy plane, bus, car, plane, bus, car, boatboat
OnOn foot foot
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Phrasal verbsPhrasal verbs (two-word (two-word verbs)verbs)
consist of consist of
a verba verb++
an adverb (particles)an adverb (particles)up, down, out, offup, down, out, off
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Some phrasal verbs take Some phrasal verbs take objects, others don’tobjects, others don’t
She She made upmade up a story. a story.
Turn downTurn down the volume. the volume.
She She grew upgrew up in Canada. in Canada.
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If the object of the phrasal verb If the object of the phrasal verb is a noun, it can go before or is a noun, it can go before or
after the particle.after the particle.
She called off She called off the weddingthe wedding..
She called She called the weddingthe wedding off. off.
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If the object is a pronoun, it If the object is a pronoun, it must go before the particle.must go before the particle.
I picked I picked itit up. up.
He took He took itit off off
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Common phrasal verbs with or Common phrasal verbs with or without objectswithout objects
► Catch upCatch up► drop outdrop out► Grow upGrow up► Run outRun out► Settle downSettle down► Show upShow up► slow downslow down► take offtake off► turn upturn up► Work outWork out
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Common phrasal verbs with Common phrasal verbs with objectsobjects
► Bring upBring up► Build upBuild up► Call offCall off► Check outCheck out► Figure outFigure out► Give upGive up► keep upkeep up► Let downLet down► look uplook up► Make upMake up► Pick upPick up► Point outPoint out
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Some common combinations Some common combinations
Some common combinations Some common combinations
grouped by prepositiongrouped by preposition
1. 1. Verbs + Verbs + aboutaboutaskaskcomplaincomplaindreamdreamforgetforgettalktalkthinkthinkworryworry
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2.2.
2. 2. Verb + Verb + toto
agreeagree object objectbe usedbe used pay attention pay attention belongbelong relate relate explainexplain reply replyintroduceintroduce say say listenlisten speak speak
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3.3.
3.Verbs + 3.Verbs + withwith
agreeagree fillfillargueargue get along get along break upbreak up help help competecompete finishfinishcooperatecooperate work work disagreedisagree
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4. 4. Verbs + Verbs + forfor
apologizeapologizeaskaskbuybuydodolooklookmakemakepaypaystudystudythankthank
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5. 5. Verbs + Verbs + onon
countcounthavehavekeepkeeppickpickputputrelyrelytaketakewaitwaitworkwork
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6. 6. Verbs + Verbs + offoff
breakbreakcallcallcutcutfallfalljumpjumpkeepkeeplivelivetaketaketurnturn
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7. 7. Verbs + Verbs + atat
guessguesslaughlaughlooklooksmilesmilestare stare yellyell
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8.8.
8. 8. Verbs + Verbs + ofof
complaincomplaindiedieget ridget rid
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9. 9. Verbs + Verbs + towardtoward
contributecontributeheadheadturnturnwalkwalkworkwork
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Verb + preposition Verb + preposition CombinationsCombinations
Like phrasal verbs, these Like phrasal verbs, these combinations are sometimes combinations are sometimes
called two-word verbscalled two-word verbs
The most common prepositions The most common prepositions in these combinations include:in these combinations include:
about, for, in, on, to,about, for, in, on, to,after, at, of, fromafter, at, of, from
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Verbs + prepositions are Verbs + prepositions are different from phrasal verbsdifferent from phrasal verbsIn In phrasal verbsphrasal verbs, pronoun , pronoun
objects come before particlesobjects come before particlesIn In verbs + prepositionsverbs + prepositions, all , all
objects come after their objects come after their prepositions.prepositions.
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Three - word verbs combine a Three - word verbs combine a phrasal verb ( a verb + particle) phrasal verb ( a verb + particle)
with a prepositionwith a preposition►Keep up withKeep up with►Drop in onDrop in on►Face up toFace up to►Get along withGet along with►Put up withPut up with►Cut down onCut down on
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AgainstAgainst1. touching the side surface of 1. touching the side surface of
Don’t lean against the door.Don’t lean against the door.
2. in opposition to2. in opposition toI am against changing the rules I am against changing the rules
of the class.of the class.
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AmongAmongin the middle of three or more in the middle of three or more
unspecified itemsunspecified itemsconcerning more than two concerning more than two
peoplepeopleMy class is among the others.My class is among the others.
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BetweenBetweenin the middle of two itemsin the middle of two items
concerning two peopleconcerning two peopleIt’s between Maria and you.It’s between Maria and you.
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ThroughThroughmoving along a passagemoving along a passage
beyondbeyondGo through the hallway and turn Go through the hallway and turn
left.left.
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TowardTowardgoing in the direction of a going in the direction of a
destinationdestinationHe is walking toward me.He is walking toward me.
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The End!The End!