Preparing for the future
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Transcript of Preparing for the future
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Preparing for the future
Learning Organizations and Managing Knowledge
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"…Ugatha Mana Shilpayamai Mathu Rekena…"
Learning leads to prospirity
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"Vijja Uppaththan Setta"
Among the all inborn, Knowledge is the supreme
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Learning - By Confucius
Without learning the wise become foolish
By learning the foolish become wise
Learn as if you could never have enough of learning, as if
you might miss something
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Learning - By Fidel Castro
How Fidel Castro started to govern Cuba?
What was his first request to the general public?
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Learning
The importance of learning was first put forward by the
Chinese Philosopher, Confucius. He believed that every
one could benefit from learning.
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Learning
1. Learning is the relatively permanent change in
behavior as a result of one's interactions with the
environment.
2. It is not a quick change. It must be a sustainable
change
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Types of Learning
1. Level I Learning facts, knowledge, processes and
procedures
2. Level II Learning new skills, that are transferable
to other situations
3. Level III Learning to adapt
4. Level IV Learning to Learn
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Knowledge
Knowledge give me opportunities.
Open and close doors for me
Be my light, show me the way
Amazing knowledge
If I possess the knowledge
Nobody can destruct me…
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Knowledge Economies
j¾;udkfha wm Ôj;a jkafka f.da,ShlrKhg ,lajQ ±kqï wd¾Ól ;=< hs' ±kqu kQ;k wd¾Ólj, m%Odk;u ksYamdok idOlh hs' tfukau ±kqu ;r.ldÍ jdis ,ndfok uQ,slu M,odhS wd¾Ól iïm; njg wo m;aj ;sfí' kQ;k f,dalfha cd;Ska w;r Wia my;a nj yd Okm;s nj fyda ks¾Ok nj ;SrKh lrjk m%Odk idOlh jkafka o ±kqu hs' ±kqï fiajlfhda kQ;k wd¾Ól md,kh lr;s' tjeks fiajlhkag kQ;k wd¾Ól ;=< we;af;a fkdkeish yels wmQ¾j n,hls'
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Knowledge
Real learning gets to the heart of what it means to be
human. Though learning we re - create ourselves. Through
learning we become able to do something we never able
to do. Though learning we re - perceive the world and our
relationship to it. Though learning develop our capacity to
create, to be the part of the generative process of it.
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Learning Organization/s
"An organization which facilitates the learning of all its
members and continuous transform itself".
(Pedler et al., 1988)
Two elements in the definition:
1. Individual learning
2. Organizational learning and transformation
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Learning Organization/s
"Organizational learning is a process of detecting and
correcting of errors".
(Argyris, 1977)
"… in a learning organization people learn to see the
whole (reality) togher".
(Peter Senge)
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Learning Organization/s
1. An organization that learns and encourages learning
among its people.
2. It promotes exchange of information among
employees to create a knowledgeable workforce.
3. People will accept and adapt to new ideas and changes
through a shared vision.
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Learning Organization/s
1. Adaptive to the external environment
2. Continually enhance the capacity to change/adapt
3. Develop individual as well as collective learning
4. use results of learning to enjoy better organizational
results
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Learning Organization/s
Organization En
viro
nmen
t
Learning
Adopt developing strategies
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Characteristics of a Learning Organization
1. Learning Culture
2. Processes
3. Tools and techniques
4. Skills and Motivation
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Learning and Knowing…. Why……?
1. Organizations and employees must know how to
change
2. To cope with rapid and unexpected changes where
programmed responses are inadequate
3. Need flexibility
4. Front - line staff ……… Customer……
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Characteristics of a Learning Organization
…"the learning organization depends absolutely on skills,
approaches and commitment of individuals and their own
learning"…
(Mumford, 1994)
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How to compete in this knowledge economy?
® Organization is a learning, knowing and sense making
organism
® Like humans, organizations make sense out of their
environments
® Productivity based on the correctness and the
appropriateness of its sense making judgments, and
the ability to gather, create, store and distribute
knowledge and information
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How to compete in this knowledge economy?
1. Role of the manager is to use the sense making ability
to define the problem, define solutions and to build
the information and knowledge processing
infrastructure of the organization.
2. Thus, Key role of the manager is to perceive the
environment correctly….
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Two types of knowledge
Tacit Knowledge Subjective and experimental
knowledge that cannot be expressed
in words, sentences, numbers and
formulas
Explicit Knowledge Objective and rational knowledge that
can be expressed in words, sentences,
numbers or using formulas
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Knowledge based view of the firm……..
1. Knowledge base view emphasizes the collection,
storage and use of knowledge and information
2. This perspective has implication for IT
3. Managers must use IT to increase the information and
knowledge processing infrastructure of the firm
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Knowledge based view of the firm……..
4. Knowledge is the central productive and strategic asset
of the firm
5. Explicit knowledge is codified in books, manuals,
pictures and videos and tacit knowledge is hidden
know how, build over years of experience
6. To create value/s by organizations, they require
different types of specialized knowledge
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Knowledge Economies
j¾;udkfha wm Ôj;a jkafka f.da,ShlrKhg ,lajQ ±kqï wd¾Ól ;=< hs' ±kqu kQ;k wd¾Ólj, m%Odk;u ksYamdok idOlh hs' tfukau ±kqu ;r.ldÍ jdis ,ndfok uQ,slu M,odhS wd¾Ól iïm; njg wo m;aj ;sfí' kQ;k f,dalfha cd;Ska w;r Wia my;a nj yd Okm;s nj fyda ks¾Ok nj ;SrKh lrjk m%Odk idOlh jkafka o ±kqu hs' ±kqï fiajlfhda kQ;k wd¾Ól md,kh lr;s' tjeks fiajlhkag kQ;k wd¾Ól ;=< we;af;a fkdkeish yels wmQ¾j n,hls'
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Competitive Advantages in the Knowledge Economy
Economic Revolutions
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Economic Revolutions
— 119th Century Agrarian based economies
— 220th Century industrial power
— 21th Century Knowledge based economy
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Industrial Revolution…..
Steam Engine
Division of Labor
Scientific Management
Time and Motion Studies
Activity Scheduling Charts
Moving Assembly Lines
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Knowledge Based Economy
• Society today governs by knowledge workers who apply
their knowledge to work.
• Knowledge society is a post - capitalist system
• The post capitalist system is neither capitalist nor
socialist
• The controlling factor of production is neither capital, nor
land, nor labor, but knowledge
• Classes are also due to the knowledge
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Knowledge Based Economy
Objective of acquiring knowledge is neither the mere
production of intellectuals nor the material and processes,
but the production of knowledge workers who are ready
to directly apply their acquired knowledge to work.
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Competitive Advantages in the Knowledge Economy
Knowledge and Development
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Knowledge and Development
• Key to economic progress and the vehicle that carries
the solutions to poverty
• A nation's human capital formation is the critical factor
in achieving socio economic development
• The modern trend is the shift from the resource based
economy to the knowledge based economy
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Knowledge and Development
• Knowledge has become the most influential factor in
development
• Unlike physical resources, knowledge and technology
are characterized by increasing returns, and these
increasing returns drive the process of growth
• Now the production process become knowledge based
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Knowledge and Development
• Knowledge is the critical factor required for
employment
• A country's capacity to take competitive advantages in
the knowledge economy depends on how quickly it can
adjust its capacity to generate and share knowledge
• Knowledge can shape and re-shape the economy
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Knowledge and Development
• Knowledge workers are vital for socio - economic
development
• Education system basically produce new knowledge
• Research as a major source of creating and
disseminating new knowledge
• The fast developing economies requires highly
qualified and skilled human capital
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Knowledge and Competitive Advantages
• Collective and shared experience accumulated, share
across the organization
• Organizational knowledge has been highlighted as
important due to;
– Organization become more complex and large, the need to
share and pool what people know becomes a real challenge
– Then, ……………………
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Knowledge and Competitive Advantages
• It is less likely that organizations achieve competitive
advantages through physical resources and more likely
that they will achieve advantages through intimate
knowledge
• ICT and information systems altered the business and
the way of doing businesses
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Knowledge and Competitive Advantages
• In agricultural and industrial sectors of the economy
require knowledge and skilled based employees in
future
• When industries shifting towards the technological
advancements (A country like Japan), knowledge is the
essential input to reinforce the economy
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Organizational Knowledge Creation - SECI Model
1 2
34
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Knowledge and the Human Capital
• Human capital is the education, training and on the job
learning embodied in the workforce
• It is the employees knowledge and the brain power
• Human Capital is more than Human Resource
• From resources we can gain products, but from human
capital we can gain profits
• To create human capital tacit and explicit knowledge
should get together
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Knowledge and Competitive Advantages
• In a knowledge economy wealth creation is done by the
knowledge (Like Japan)
• Without physical resources also a country can develop utilizing
knowledge
• To give competitive advantages knowledge must have basic four
features;
– Valuable
– Rare
– Imperfectly imitable
– Non substitutable
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Knowledge and Knowledge Worker
• Organizational learning is the process by which
organizations acquire tacit knowledge
• "Patent System" is a must to maintain a knowledge
economy
• Knowledge worker apply the knowledge to the
organization, but not the intellect.
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Strategies to compete in a knowledge economy
• Link between science and technology
• Innovations
• Increase the importance of education and training;
through the quality of it
• Attract, recruit, train and retain super performers
• Life long learning
• Greater investment in R & D
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Thank You!
Next Lesson: Analysis of the Environment